Organics Recycling in 2017: Climate Change, the Circular Economy, and the Moral Imperative of Composting

Transcription

1 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC Organics Recycling in 2017: Climate Change, the Circular Economy, and the Moral Imperative of Composting Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC Professional Recyclers of Pennsylvania 2017 Annual Recycling & Organics Conference King of Prussia, PA

2 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC Summary Some Perspective on Organics Recycling Climate Change The Circular Economy CA Policy Initiatives Healthy Soil

3 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC Everything is in transformation. The rose that wilts after six days will become a part of the garbage (compost). After six months the garbage (compost) is transformed into a rose. When we speak of impermanence, we understand that everything is in transformation. This becomes that, and that becomes this. -Thich Nhat Hanh

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7 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC 20% of the World s Population 7% of the Arable Land

8 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC Planetary Boundaries Source: W. Steffen et al., Science (347), 2015

9 A Linear Economy The Take Make - Waste Model Source: Feedbackglobal.org

10 Source: Feedbackglobal.org A Circular Economy

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12 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC CA Composting Feedstocks Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) 34 million tons per year Organic waste - 20 million tons per year Food waste 5-6 million tons per year Biosolids 250 wastewater treatment plants 890,000 dry mt/year generated Manure and Agriculture 50% of US fruit and veg grown in CA Few good estimates of residues/manure Sources: US EPA 2014 (Fondahl 2016,, Personal Communication, CalRecycle (Brenda Smyth, Personal Communication)

13 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC The Supply? Organics in California's Overall Disposed Waste Stream, 2014 All Other Materials 59% Organics 34% Compostable Paper* 7% Organics are: Food Green Leaves, grass Landscaping Prunings, Trimmings, Branches, Stumps Non-Hazardous Wood Waste *Compostable Paper includes food soiled paper and other compostable paper Data from CalRecycle s 2014 Disposal Facility-based Characterization of Solid Waste in California.

14 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC PA vs. CA PA CA Population 12.8 Million 40 Million Land area 46,055 Sq. Mi. 163,696 Sq. Mi. Arable land 8.5 M Acres 32.5 M Acres Sources: Farmland Information Center

15 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC Throughput of Composting and Anaerobic Digestion Facilities Source: CalRecycle 2015

16 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC Yard Trimmings/Food Scraps Compost, Recology, Vernalis, CA

17 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC Biosolids/Yard Trimmings Compost, IERCF, Rancho Cucamonga, CA 17 Photo Courtesy IERCF

18 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC Organic Dairy Manure and Organic Almond Prunings, Burroughs Family Farm, Denair, CA

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21 OREGON 42'0 DEL NORTE MODOC SISKIYOU TREE MORTALITY FROM DROUGHT AND WILDFIRE 41'0 Eureka! S H A S TA HUMBOLDT LASSEN TRINITY Redding! Tree Mortality From Drought: TEHAMA Tree Mortality from Wildfire: '0 PLUMAS Counties GLENN BUTTE MENDOCINO SIERRA N E VA D A YUBA COLUSA LAKE 60 million dead or dying trees PLACER Lake Tahoe 39'0 SUTTER EL DORADO YOLO SONOMA N A PA ^ Sacramento ALPINE AMADOR SACRAMENTO SOLANO MARIN C A LAV E R A S 38'0 DA VA NE Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC STATE OF CALIFORNIA TUOLUMNE C O N T R A C O S TA SAN JOAQUIN San Francisco! MONO ALAMEDA MARIPOSA S TA N I S L A U S SAN MATEO S A N TA C L A R A MERCED S A N TA C R U Z MADERA 37'0 Fresno! FRESNO SAN BENITO INYO TULARE MONTEREY KINGS 36'0 Bakersfield! KERN 35'0 Pa SAN BERNARDINO S A N TA B A R B A R A NA IZO AR ci VENTURA fi SAN LUIS OBISPO c LOS ANGELES Oc 34'0 San Bernardino ea! Los Angeles! n ORANGE RIVERSIDE Salton Sea 33'0 IMPERIAL SAN DIEGO San Diego! Miles Kilometers MEXICO Projection California Teale Albers Scale 1:1,020,000 at 36" x 48" December 17, 2015 The State of California and the Department of Forestry and Fire Protection make no representations or warranties regarding the accuracy of data or maps. Neither the State nor the Department shall be liable under any circumstances for any direct, special, incidental, or consequential damages with respect to any claim by any user or third party on account of, or arising from, the use of data or maps. Obtain FRAP maps, data, metadata and publications on the Internet at For more information, contact CDF-FRAP, PO Box , Sacramento, CA , (916) MAPID: TreeMortality_DroughtWildfire_2012_2015 Edmund G. Brown Jr., Governor, State of California John Laird, Secretary for Resources, The Natural Resources Agency Ken Pimlott, Director, Department of Forestry and Fire Protection DATA SOURCES: Tree Mortality: USFS ADS 2015 Wildfire Perimeters: CALFIRE 2014, 2015 Sources: Esri, USGS, NOAA

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24 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC Governor Brown s 5 Pillars

25 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC Business Jurisdiction GHG Reduction AB 341 AB 1826 AB 876 AB % Statewide Diversion by 2020 Mandatory Organics Recycling for Businesses Organics Infrastructure Planning Short-Lived Climate Pollutants

26 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC GHG Reduction AB 1383 Short-Lived Climate Pollutants

27 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC GHG Reduction Short-Lived Climate Pollutants = AB 1383 Methane Carbon Black Fluorinated gasses Short-Lived Climate Pollutants

28 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC AB 1594 GGRF Funds MWELO Healthy Soil Phasing out ADC Diversion Credit Using Cap & Trade Funds to Support Organics Processing Infrastructure Requiring Compost Use on New Landscape Projects Encouraging Compost Use as part of Carbon Farm Plans

29 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC AB 341 (Chesbro, 2011) Sets New Goal: 75% Source Reduction, Recycling, and Composting by 2020 Currently stagnant right below 50%

30 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC AB 1826

31 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC AB 1826: Key Dates January 1, 2016 All Jurisdictions shall implement an organic waste recycling program. April 1, 2016 Any business generating 8 cubic yards or more or organic waste January 1, 2017 Any business generating 4 cubic yards or more of organic waste January 1, 2019 (17 months) Any business generating 4 cubic yards or more of commercial waste January 1, 2020, if needed Any business generating 2 cubic yards or more of commercial waste * Multi-Family buildings not required to recycle food scraps

32 Slide Courtesy: Nick Lapis, CAW SB 1383 (Lara) Short- Lived Climate Pollutants (aka Super Pollutants )

33 Slide Courtesy: Nick Lapis, CAW

34 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC Baseline 50% below 2014 level by % below 2014 level by

35 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC AB 876 (McCarty, 2015) Local Planning for Composting Beginning August 1, 2017, local governments have to identify organics recycling facilities to handle all the waste generated in the community over the next 15 years. Slide courtesy Nick Lapis, CAW

36 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC AB 1594 AB 1594

37 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC Cap & Trade to Reduce GHGs $

38 California Climate Investments AKA Cap-and-Trade Funding / Greenhouse Gas Reduction Funds Organics Grants 2016/2017 Funding Food Waste Prevention Recycled Manufacturing (Glass, Fiber, Plastic) Admin CalRecycle Total $24 Million $5 Million $9 Million $2 Million $40 Million CalRecycle Funding Governor s Proposal $30 $60 $100 Assembly Proposal $30 $75 $100 Senate Proposal $5 $10 $50 Final Allocated $25 $5 $40 Slide Courtesy: Nick Lapis, CAW

39 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC Promoting Healthy Soils Healthy Soil = adequate soil organic matter Support at the highest levels for returning organics to the soil List of short- and long-term actions for building soil organic matter statewide CDFA starts using the term Soil Organic Matter

40 Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance Incorporate compost at a rate of at least four cubic yards per 1,000 square feet to a depth of six inches into landscape area (unless contra-indicated by a soil test) 87 tons/acre ~195 tonne/ha

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42 Marin Carbon Project

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44 Compost significantly increased plant and forage production Aboveground biomass (Mt C ha -2 ) Control Compost Control Compost Browns Valley, Ryals and Silver in prep

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46 Organic amendments increased system carbon by over 14.8 Mg C/ha in year 1; net gain, beyond compost additions was approx. 0.8 Mg C/ha Net Change (g C m -2 t -1 ) Assumptions: Heterotrophic respiration = 50% of total Root biomass = shoot biomass No difference in grazed biomass -500 Compost Control Nicasio, Ryals and Silver in prep

47 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC Source: Harper s May 1, 1987

48 Integrated Waste Management Consulting, LLC There isn t a lot you can do, but you ought to do that much. Even when you don t know how much that is. And if you do, you ll likely find there is more you can do, and you should try to do that too. -Garrison Keillor

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