Information technology and organizational change. F.Pichault

Transcription

1 Information technology and organizational change F.Pichault

2 Course description (1/3) Focus: u organizational aspects of IT change u management of information systems (MIS) Aims: u development of an analytical framework u confrontation to the current debates in the scientific literature

3 Timing: Course description (2/3) u S1: theoretical introduction u S2: debate on the proposed analytical framework u S3: analysis of 3 selected papers u S4: selection of 3 relevant papers (to be validated) u S5-S6: group presentations Evaluation: u 1/3: individual involvement during the seminar u 2/3: group presentations

4 Deliberate/emergent change Deliberate strategies Realized strategies Unrealized strategies Emergent strategies

5 IT and Organizational change Specific contexts Impacts IT design & organizational aims Change management

6 Information systems CENTRALISED DECENTRALISED INTEGRATED OPEN Central unit with data entry pool or «distributed» terminals Taylorian model mini-computers, PC's Scandinavian model (local autonomy, job enrichment) Local network, Intranet, shared data bases, ERP applications Japanese model (TQM, corporate culture, knowledge management) EDI, Extranet, Internet, e-business Californian model (virtual enterprises, new organizational forms)

7 New organizational forms H i e r a r c h y M a r k e t Individualized forms Homeworking Pendular telecommuting Work in telecentres Mobile work, body shopping Structural forms Redesign of the relations centre/periphery via shared facilities Teleservices provision Inter-organisational partnerships, restructuring of the value-added chain

8 Organizational aims linked to IT design Partnership diversity + Functions Partners Final consumer Business partners Internal partners Information Institutional Web-site web site Market intelligence Bulletin board Communication/ Cooperation On-line bid On-line poll Transaction E-commerce E-procurement virtual market place E-HRM Coordination/ Integration CRM Groupware ERP - Function complexity +

9 IT and Organizational change Specific contexts IT design & organizational aims

10 Specific contexts: organization Politics Entrepreneurial Politics Machine (instrument) Missionary Politics Machine (closed) Revitalization Demise Demise Adhocracy Politics Professional Revitalization FORMATION STAGE DEVELOPMENT STAGE MATURITY STAGE DECLINE STAGE

11 Other specific contexts Private vs public & non-profit sectors Traditional vs new economy Western vs developing countries Rigid vs open regulatory framework Pre-existing existing IS infrastructure vs none Etc.

12 IT and Organizational change Specific contexts IT design & organizational aims Change management

13 Key questions in change management Capacity to take into account the various stakeholders HRM issues related to the change process Capacity to integrate emerging changes Communication efforts Upper-management support On-going assessment

14 Key questions in change Users involvement: management (#2) u Who? (committee, final user, representatives, etc.) u When? (functional analysis, test, implementation, etc.) u How? (observation, interviews, questionnaires, etc.) u On which matter? (initial aims, functionalities, ergonomics, etc.)

15 IT and Organizational change Specific contexts Impacts IT design & organizational aims Change management

16 Main theoretical models Planning model: IT design => change management => impacts Contingent model: specific contexts => IT design => impacts Political model: change management => IT design => impacts

17 Impacts Quantitative impacts: u productivity gains reported to initial objectives (planning model) u however methodological & conceptual limits Qualitative impacts: u adequation to context (contingent model) u satisfaction of divergent interests (political model)

18 Next steps SESSION 2: Presentation of the analytical framework fi2 papers to download from: First discussion on the «political» model Second discussion on its relevance within network organizations

19 Next steps (#2) SESSION 3: Analysis of 3 selected papers to download from: utheoretical model adopted? u Links with the proposed analytical framework

20 Next steps (#3) SESSION 4: Selection & validation of 3 recent papers (10-15p.) concerned with : u IT design & organizational aims u specific contexts in which IT are developed u change management linked to IT u impacts of IT introduction

21 Next steps (#4) SESSIONS 5-6: Group presentations structured in 3 parts: u main arguments developed in each paper (10 min.) u main theoretical models emerging through the 3 papers (2 min.) u explicit/implicit and perhaps missing links with the proposed analytical framework (8 min.)

22 Proposed journals LENTIC s Library: u MIS Quarterly u Organization Studies u New Technology, Work & Employment Graulich s s Library: u California Management Review u Sloan Management Review u Administrative Science Quarterly u International Journal of Human Resource Management

23 Proposed journals (#2) Via http//: //:search.epnet.com (userid : s / password : ulg) or u Information & Management u Information & Organization u International Journal of Information Management u Technology in Society u Technovation u The Journal of Strategic Information Systems