Development of a methodology for the spatial distribution of the transport sectors in E-PRTR

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1 Development of a methodology for the spatial distribution of the transport sectors in E-PRTR Brussels, 22 October 2010 Balendra Thiruchittampalam, Thomas Gauger, Jochen Theloke, Sonia Orliková, Melinda Uzbasich 1 / 5

2 Road transport Domestic shipping International shipping Air traffic 2

3 Road transport Source: 3

4 Sector definition All on road transportations of passengers and goods from all vehicle classes driven by fuel combustion. Road transport Code Sector_Name Emissions in 2007 [kt] [NFR] [NFR] CO 2 NO x SO 2 PM 10 CO UNFCCC CLRTAP 1A3bi Passenger cars A3bii Light duty vehicles A3biii Heavy duty vehicles A3biv Mopeds & Motorcycles Sum Road transport Sum all sectors EU27 + EFTA >ZdW E & Z E&Z dd Z d W dd Z d > dd Z d, dd Z d D D he& /W Z & Z& dd Z d 4

Method for the spatial distribution of the road transport emission ix, = emission t i value ix, value i, x emission i, x: emission of road transport (for each vehicle and road type) x at the specific

5 Method for the spatial distribution of the road transport emission ix, = emission t i value ix, value i, x emission i, x: emission of road transport (for each vehicle and road type) x at the specific road segment emission t: national total emission of road transport (per vehicle, and road category) value i,x: surrogate data value for each individual road segment within each target grid cell as traffic volume fraction of the sum of the total traffic volume Overview of the applied methodology for the spatial distribution of the road transport d

6 Applied proxy data sets 6

7 Example for the spatial distribution of the road transport for the year

8 Comparison with other methods : Apmosphere Distribution of national emission totals using corresponding proxy data like population density or traffic volumes on a regional level A top down approach was implemented in the APMoSPHERE project (Briggs, D. 2005): i. National total emissions by vehicle categories (cars, light goods, heavy goods and motorcycles) ii. Consideration of road types (highways, urban roads and rural roads) iii. Classification of the road types by an intersection with the urban land cover classes from CORINE Land Cover iv. Spatial distribution using traffic flows on highways and population density 8

9 Conclusion The presented approach at present is the farthermost developed topdown concept for distributing emissions from road traffic to a high spatial resolution grid level on the European scale. The advantage of this approach is the inclusion of both, residential roads and smaller rural road types. The method is an enhanced top-down methodology combining: o bottom-up Trans-Tool transport network model, o TREMOVE transport model (De Ceuster, G. et al. 2007), o o o national road traffic emissions from e.g. CLRTAP, road network from OpenStreetMap (OSM) database, population density data The implementation of this method is capable of delivering spatially distributed emissions even for grids with a 1x1 km² resolution 9

10 Domestic shipping ^ e 10

11 Sector definition All water-borne transport from recreational craft to large oceangoing cargo ships that are driven primarily by diesel engines and occasionally by steam or gas turbines (EIG, 2009) Shipping Sector Sector_Name Emissions in 2007 [kt] [NFR] [NFR] CO 2 NO x SO 2 PM 10 CO he& >ZdW 1A3di(i) International maritime Navigation A3di(ii) International inland waterways A3dii National Navigation (Shipping) A4ciii National Fishing Sum Shipping Sum all sectors EU27 + EFTA countries CLRTAP in the New Format for Reporting o 1A3di(i) International maritime Navigation o 1A3di(ii) International inland waterways o 1A3dii National Navigation (Shipping) o 1A4ciii National Fishing UNFCCC in the IPCC Common Reporting Format o 1A3d Navigation o 1A4c Agriculture/Forestry/Fisheries o 1C1b International maritime transport 11

12 Method for the spatial distribution of the domestic shipping emission ix, = emission t i value ix, value ix, i: geographic feature like inland waterway segments, harbours or grid cell within the grid layer emission i, x: domestic or national shipping emission x for e.g. the specific inland waterway segment i emission t: national total emissions for domestic shipping x value i,x - are the surrogate data values for each geographical feature like inland waterway segments Overview of the applied methodology for the spatial distribution of the domestic shipping 12

Proxy data sets for domestic shipping Code Sector description Proxy Dataset Data Source Year Extend Shipping Traffic dataon the sections of the waterways Voies Navigables de France

inland waterways Statistical data on harbor movements Eurostat 2009 Ports in Europe Georeferenced ports AtoBviaC (BP, 2010); Gisco Eurostat 2010 World Coastlines CLC2000 2007 EU 27

13 Proxy data sets for domestic shipping Code Sector description Proxy Dataset Data Source Year Extend Shipping Traffic dataon the sections of the waterways Voies Navigables de France (VNF) 2010 Selected countries Traffic volume Trans-Tools 2010 Selected countries River geo data/geospatial inland waterways Open Street Maps (OSM) 2010 EU 27 + EFTA 1A3dii Navigable inland waterways Statistical data on harbor movements Eurostat 2009 Ports in Europe Georeferenced ports AtoBviaC (BP, 2010); Gisco Eurostat 2010 World Coastlines CLC EU 27 Location of harbour areas Corine Land cover 2000/ EU 27 + EFTA 1A4ciii National fishing Water bodies Corine Land cover 2000/ EU 27 + EFTA VNF Traffic data Trans-Tools Trans-Tools 13

Existing methodologies for the domestic shipping Emissions for domestic shipping considered along the river network and within the extent of territorial waters of 20 km (Briggs, 2005) The apmosphere

14 Existing methodologies for the domestic shipping Emissions for domestic shipping considered along the river network and within the extent of territorial waters of 20 km (Briggs, 2005) The apmosphere project divided the ports into two different groups: A located within 2 km of open sea and B located inland (> 2 km from open sea) Emissions from the first group were extended radially in a semi-circle 20km into the sea as visualized in Briggs 2005 Emission modelling of ports (Briggs, 2005) 14

15 Conclusion The approach described at present is the most detailed possibility to spatially grid the shipping emissions to the grid level. The spatial distribution of the inland waterways is based on: i. Traffic volume from Trans-Tools ii. Accessibility of inland waterways from VNF iii. River geo data from Open Street maps The spatial distribution of the coastal shipping and harbour maneuvering is based on i. CLC2000 Coastline, DG-E/EUROSION/ EAA maritime boundaries dataset ii. Harbour movement statistics from EUROSTAT iii. Harbour coordinates from GISCO 15

International shipping Source: http://www.

16 International shipping Source: 16

Sector definition All water-borne transport from recreational craft to large oceangoing cargo ships that are driven primarily by diesel engines and occasionally by steam or gas turbines (EIG, 2009)

17 Sector definition All water-borne transport from recreational craft to large oceangoing cargo ships that are driven primarily by diesel engines and occasionally by steam or gas turbines (EIG, 2009) Shipping Sector Sector_Name Emissions in 2007 [kt] [NFR] [NFR] CO 2 NO x SO 2 PM 10 CO he& >ZdW 1A3di(i) International maritime Navigation A3di(ii) International inland waterways A3dii National Navigation (Shipping) A4ciii National Fishing Sum Shipping Sum all sectors EU27 + EFTA countries CLRTAP in the New Format for Reporting o 1A3di(i) International maritime Navigation o 1A3di(ii) International inland waterways o 1A3dii National Navigation (Shipping) o 1A4ciii National Fishing UNFCCC in the IPCC Common Reporting Format o 1A3d Navigation o 1A4c Agriculture/Forestry/Fisheries o 1C1b International maritime transport 17

18 Method for the spatial distribution of the international shipping emission ix, = emission t i value ix, value i, x i: geographic feature like grid cell within the sea grid layer emission i, x: international shipping emission x for grid cell i emission t: national total emissions for international shipping x value i,x - are the surrogate data values (e.g. traffic volume) for each grid cell Overview of the applied methodology for the spatial distribution of the international shipping 18

navigation River geo data/geospatial inland waterways Open Street Maps (OSM) 2010 EU 27 + EFTA Selected traffic data for selected

19 Proxy data sets for the international shipping Code Sector description Proxy Dataset Data Source Year Extend Traffic volume Trans-Tools 2010 Selected countries Shipping 1A3di(ii) 1A3di(i) International emissions on inland waterways International maritime navigation River geo data/geospatial inland waterways Open Street Maps (OSM) 2010 EU 27 + EFTA Selected traffic data for selected waterway sectors Voies Navigables de France (VNF) 2010 Selected countries Global shipping proxies Wang et al. (2008); EDGAR 2010 Worldwide 19

20 Results from existing methods ' t ddde ' e W K d ^K y ^ EK y E K, WD dddd / dddd dd /W DW K E, d EDsK EK y ^K y WD,D WKW 20

21 Conclusion The spatial distribution of the international shipping is basically divided into two main part emissions: maritime navigation and inland waterways shipping. The gridding of the international maritime shipping is performed using the global shipping proxies from Wang, et. al These global shipping proxies are the furthermost developed available high spatial resolution data sets (in 6 x 6 Lat./Lon. resolution) The spatial distribution of the inland waterway part is performed according to methodology for the domestic shipping considering Trans-Tools, VNF, and river geo data. 21

Domestic aviation (below 1000m) Source: http://www.

22 Domestic aviation (below 1000m) Source: 22

Sector definition Combustion emissions from mobile sources due to the movement of people and/or freight by air Domestic aviation Code Sector Extend Emissions in 2007 [kt] CO 2 NO X SO X PM 10 CO

23 Sector definition Combustion emissions from mobile sources due to the movement of people and/or freight by air Domestic aviation Code Sector Extend Emissions in 2007 [kt] CO 2 NO X SO X PM 10 CO UNFCCC CLRTAP Civil 1A3aii(i) / Aviation EU A3a (Domestic, LTO) EFTA Sum domestic aviation All emissions to air in EU27 + EFTA Basis of the national totals are: CLRTAP NFR 1A3aii(i), Civil Aviation (Domestic, LTO) UNFCCC CRF 1A3a, Domestic Aviation 23

24 Method for the spatial distribution of the domestic shipping emission ix, = emission t i value ix, value i, x i: geographic feature like airport location within the grid layer emission i, x: emission of domestic aviation (LTO cycles) x at the specific airports i emission t: national total emission of domestic aviation (LTO cycles) x value i,x - are the surrogate data values for each individual airport area fraction within each grid cell The concept described for the air traffic below 1000 m is basically equal to the already existing methodologies. The emissions from domestic aviation are distributed using Landing and Take-Off (LTO) cycles from EUROSTAT. The geospatial referencing is performed using GISCO data sets for airports and CORINE Land Cover (CLC) data for airport areas. The GISCO data set includes the coordinates of the air ports and the area for the airports is obtainable from the CLC level 3 Class "124 - Airports". 24

LTO) LTO cycles Eurostat 2008 EU 27 + EFTA Air port coordinates GISCO 2008 EU 27

25 Proxy data sets for domestic aviation Code Sector description Proxy Dataset Data Source Year Extend Domestic aviation 1A3aii(i) / 1A3a Civil Aviation (Domestic, LTO) LTO cycles Eurostat 2008 EU 27 + EFTA Air port coordinates GISCO 2008 EU 27 + EFTA Corine Landcover (Class Airports) CLC 2000, CLC EU 27 + EFTA 25

26 Exemplary result for the year

27 Conclusion The concept described for the air traffic below 1000m is basically equal to the already existing methodologies. The spatial distribution of the domestic aviation is performed on the basis of: i. LTO cycles from EUROSTAT ii. Air port coordinates from GISCO iii. CORINE Land Cover level 3 class "124 - Airports". Missing emissions for the civil aviation i.e. CY, HU, LI, LT, RO 27

28 Thank you for your attention! 28

Canada s First Black Carbon Inventory

Canada s First Black Carbon Inventory 2013 Cat. No.: En14-217/2015E-PDF ISBN: 978-1-100-25678-8 Unless otherwise specified, you may not reproduce materials in this publication, in whole or in part, for