Work and Machines Packet Book M Chapter 3 (pages M 106- M 143)

Transcription

1 Nrune: Period: Work and Machines Packet Book M Chapter 3 (pages M 106- M 143) Key Terms - write out the definitions for the following terms. 1. work 2. joule 3. power 4. machine 5. mechanical advantage 6. efficiency 7. inclined plane 8. wedge 9. screw 10. lever 11. fulcrum 12. wheel and axle 13. pulley 14. compound machine

2 a 1 ~"'~ Name "1... I JIh' U.15S Work and Machines Guided r1eliding dru..i Stuey o Calculating Work 6. The amount A..\ lll i.. y... )U d... J:.:-r't'l'h..i:- on ll~ltllthe amount of ~l)u l!\crl ('Inti the Ihe object m» t'-;. 7. Is lhl~iollov ing sentence Irue or fai"? Liilil1Sa heavier object demands gce-akr tl"('ct! lh.1ll liftinh..1 libhtt:'r object. 8. \Nhall(lrn1Ul.l...ttl \ ou lbt> to dell'rmine thl' :1J11011nt oi work done on (111 objed? What is the 51 unit of work? 10. vvhnt is the..unouru of \\ IHk ylill do when )OU exert a iorc ' of 1 newton 10 move an object a distance ()f I meier? Name Dale ClnSS Work and Machines Review and Reinforce What Is Work? Understanding Main Ideas Use thefollowing illustration to answer questions 1 tlttough The illustration shows Beatrice pushing on a heavy box. Beatrice pushes with a force of 40 N. How can you determine if Beatrice is doing work on the box? o Power 11. \vh~l is PI''''t'I'?..-- '.J 12. Is tile tullv"'inr; sentence if UI.. ~.I 1~1-t'"? )nu ( 't:'1 t more po\\ter \\ hen yuu fun lip a flight of slclil: thljl \0\ IU'II ))U walk up the stairs. l3. \Vh\t is the t(;rnhd.l Y\)lI 11';~h' (.1\(\1\11(\' power? I~. Rewrite the cqu.uiou 1<>1' power ina w J)" Ihilt shows what work equals. 2. Beatrice pushes the box 2 m to the right. What formula should you use to calculate lhe amount of work done on the box? 3. How much work does Beatrice do pushing the box 2 m? Building Vocabulary Write a definitioll for Melt of lite following tenus 011 lite lilies below. 4. work 6" V'I 5. joule h:la)utl Lt. vll;)fj H;( ilot:.'\ll.lill' I <:ljf)l}j1 r. j;!~~ HLilI ~~ :~h~ Iesf:h't!li. ~-l3 6. power PI!OIlOO duujlilo. 11'(. pwiihilg '" Peorsoo Ptenli<! HoI. M ~~ 'f!sei\ied. 244

3 The Lever effort resistance fulcrum hammer and nail 1. crowbar 1. nutcracker shovel 1. scissors lever ;1. What are the three elements of a lever? i2. By each number above write F for fulcrum R for resistance or E for effort. ~3. Write definitions for each of the following: a. resistance b. nucnllll c. effort ~4.Write the word or words that will make each sentence paper or cloth. "f:: 'h. A a true statement. a. have two connected levers that can be used to and is a simple machine that uses two hands as the of a lever to move dirt. c. In second-class levers the is between the effort and d. When the fulcrum is closer to the effort than to the resistance there is a loss in buta in speed and distance. : " e. A seesaw is a common example of a -class lever. '' -.~.Milliken Publishing Company 3a Machines and Work

4 The Wheel and Axle The wheel and axle is a wheel connected to a rigid pole. lever i log rollers A handle can be thought of as a section of a wheel. doorknob conveyor r. Why does using a wheel and axle make work easier? How did early people make a wheel and axle for their carts? A conveyor belt used to load or unload a truck is made of which two simple machines? '4. The handle of a pencil sharpener is like the of a Milliken Publishing Company 4a ~lv Machines and Work

5 The Pulley I The pulley moves along the rope. about 100 kg effort In. 1m. 200 kg t:-tabel the types of pulleys in boxes I through illabove. 2. Label the fulcrum resistance and effort on lines A through C. 3. Write the word or words that will make each sentence a true statement. a. Three parts of a pulley are the grooved the and the rope. b. A fixed pulley is like a turning -class lever because the is between the and the resistance. c. A movable pulley is like a turning -class lever because the is between the fulcrum and the d. The pulley is used primarily to change the direction of force. 4. Name the kind of pulley used for the following. a. raising sails on a boat c. lifting very heavy weights b.windowblinds d. painter's scaffold 5. What prevents the rope from slipping off the wheel ofa pulley? Elhat is the function of a movable pulley? Milliken Publishing Company 6a Machines and Work

6 ~ r Simple Machines' B r D...~.1 F. i l. E.

7