Transforming Global Supply Chain with EPC/RFID Seminar. Mr. K K Suen ( 孫國江先生 ) Chief Architect and Principal Consultant GS1 HK and EPCglobal HK

Transcription

1 Transforming Global Supply Chain with EPC/RFID Seminar Mr. K K Suen ( 孫國江先生 ) Chief Architect and Principal Consultant GS1 HK and EPCglobal HK

2 Agenda Basics of RFID Introduction to EPC Standards EPCglobal UHF Gen-2 Standard EPCglobal Network Architecture HK EPCnetwork Case Sharing 2

3 GS1 HK Background GS1 Hong Kong, a new name of Hong Kong Article Numbering Association, is a non-profit making, independent industry support body for global supply chain standards and technologies Set up by the Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce in 1989 to locally administer the EAN UCC system (now called GS1 System) of numbering & bar coding Current membership over 4,600 companies across multiple industries in Hong Kong Mission: To drive and optimize business efficiency and performance of Hong Kong enterprises through the provision of world-class value chain standards and know-how. 3

4 GS1 Solution & Service The Global Language of Business OVERALL BENEFITS: Improving efficiency & visibility in supply and demand chains GS1 Solutions & Services Global standards for automatic identification Global standards for electronic business Messaging The environment for global data Synchronisation Global Standards for RFID-based Identification RAPID AND ACCURATE ITEM, ASSET OR LOCATION IDENTIFICATION RAPID, EFFICIENT & ACCURATE BUSINESS DATA EXCHANGE STANDARDISED, RELIABLE DATA FOR EFFECTIVE BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS MORE ACCURATE, IMMEDIATE AND COST EFFICIENT VISIBLITY OF INFORMATION 4

5 Automatic Identification and Data Capture (AIDC)

6 AIDC Automatic Identification and Data Capture (AIDC) Use Machine to Identify Objects Auto-Data Capture Examples - Barcode - Smart card - Biometric Technologies - Voice Recognition - Optical Character Recognition -RFID -etc Increase Efficiency Reduce Data Entry Error Free up Resources 6

7 e.g. Barcodes (Linear and 2-D) Data Carrier Data Identification number (ID) and other standard data are represented in barcode format and can be captured automatically by scanner. Scanner transmit data to computers for further processing EAN ITF PDF-417 (01) RSS-14 Stacked Composite Symbology 7

8 RFID

9 Background HK Applications AutoToll Octopus Non-contact reading 9

10 Background Proven Technology Invented 50 Years Ago Employed by Military in WWII Impractical for Commercial Application in the Past Currently Applied in New Context 10

11 RFID versus Barcodes Barcodes need a visible line of sight, RFID doesn t RFID readers can read multiple tags at same time RFID Tag data can be rewritten or modified RFID Tags can be read at far greater ranges Barcodes area generally cheaper that RFID tags RFID Tags can be linked to other devices such as sensors Barcodes can be visually read by people RFID Tags can be reused RFID systems can suffer from interference RFID Tags can easily be read on the move 11

12 How Dose RFID Work in Retail Supply Chain?

13 In a grocery store 13

14 Case Packaging Machine Case Read 14

15 Case to pallet aggregation and Fork lift assembles customer order Fork lift truck mixed pallet re-aggregation reads Case to pallet aggregation 15

16 Order is checked for accuracy Verification tunnel reads 16

17 EPC Standards

18 Global Standards Trading Partner Trading Partner Trading Partner Industrial Standard Common Protocol Interoperability Encourage Technology Competition Drive Cost Volume Relationship Lower Cost of Changes Trading Partner Trading Partner Trading Partner EPC (Electronic Product Code) Proposed in 1999 by MIT Auto-ID Lab with support from over 100 MNCs, universities and GS1 (EAN.UCC) Global standard formally released in Oct 2003 and managed by EPCglobal EPC is a standard NOT only on RFID, but the whole concept of RFID application on supply chain and sharing information across the EPCglobal Network 18

19 EPCglobal Network Infrastructure Framework EPCglobal EPCglobal Core Core Services Services and and other other shared shared services services Shared Service Interactions Peer-to-peer exchange of data about EPCs EPC Data Exchange Standards EPCglobal Subscriber EPCglobal Subscriber EPC Infrastructure Standards Exchange of physical objects with EPCs 19 EPC Physical Object Exchange Standards

20 EPCglobal Network Infrastructure Framework EPCglobal EPCglobal Core Core Services Services and and other other shared shared services services EPC Tag Data Standard EPCglobal Subscriber Shared Service Interactions RFID Protocols -Class 0 -Class 1 -UHF Class 1 Gen 2 Peer-to-peer exchange of data about EPCs EPCglobal Subscriber EPC Data Exchange Standards EPC Infrastructure Standards Exchange of physical objects with EPCs EPC Physical Object Exchange Standards 20

21 EPC (Electronic Product Code) A number In a RFID Tag When Applied together, Can Uniquely Identify an Object Total = 309,485,009,821,345,000,000,000,000 item identities 21

22 RFID System Tag Air Interface Protocol Reader This specification is a fundamental component of the EPC system Specifications Released Ultra-High Frequency 900 MHz Class MHz Class 1 Generation 2 released in Dec 2004 and became ISO c High Frequency 13,56 MHz Class 1 22

23 RFID Frequency Allocation Spectrum allocation to allow use of Gen 2 UHF spectrum ( MHz) & power regulation (2w erp/ 4w eirp) HK OFTA assigned dual band and approved by Legco in 03/ MHz (2W erp) & MHz (4W eirp) Significant progress made: 23

24 Type of RFID Tags Active Tags Battery power both RF circuitry & memory Longest Read Range Short Battery Live (a few days to 12 months depends on Tag functionality and Cost) Good for Location Based Application Cost: $$$ Semi-Active Tags Reader activates RF circuitry, but battery powers memory Medium Read Range Long Battery Live (a few years) Cost: $$ Passive Tags Reader powers both RF & memory Short Read Range No Battery Required Cost: $ 24

25 Types of RFID Tags Class Comments Class O Read-only Passive identity tags Class I Class II Class III Class IV Class V Write once passive identity tags Passive tags with added functionality e.g. memory or encryption Semi-passive RFID tags Active tags communicate with readers and other tags on the same frequency band Essentially readers can power class I, II and III tags as well as communicating with class IV and with each other. 25

26 EPC Air Interface Standard Evolution Class 2 Hi-Mem RW Class 0 RO HAG UHF Gen-2 WORM Class 1 HF WORM Class 1 WORM ISO C Class 3,4 26

27 EPCglobal UHF Generation 2 Standard

28 Gen2 is Here, Now Gen2 Monza silicon first introduced in April, bit EPC 10m read, 8m write range Writes 800 tags/minute 100 million Monza tags shipped GrandPrix system solution Reader, silicon, tags Impinj Monza Gen2 GrandPrix System Solution Speedway Gen2 Reader 28

29 Dense-Reader Mode Goal 10 s or hundreds of readers operating simultaneously Reliably reading pallets & items Without needing synchronization 29

30 Dense-Reader Mode Testing Legend Reader Antenna Test Setup Units under test: 2 readers, each controlling 2 antennas Interferers: Up to 13 Interferers per side, all transmitting Interfering reader(s) (simulating adjacent door) Interfering reader(s) (simulating adjacent door) 3 m 3 m 3 m Metallic Stand For reader and antenna mounting Pallet of Tagged Items Tags buried within pallet 30

31 Dense-Reader Mode Works Impinj Speedway reader on either side of dock door (FCC certified) Avery AD-620 (Triflex ) tags on each of 40 boxes of Caress soap All readers transmitting simultaneously Inventory reliability is achievable 100% Inventory Reliability 80% 60% 40% 20% 100% 100% 99% 97% 0% Number of Interfering Readers

32 Worldwide Tag Operation Gen2 tags can operate worldwide Same tag operates in Asia/Europe/US Exceptional sensitivity across all regions No need to use different tags for different locations Propeller Tag Frequency Response (Monza Silicon) Europe US Japan 32

33 UHF Gen2 on Items? Some claim that UHF can t work on liquids 8 Some worry that UHF tags don t fit Many claim that UHF can t work, it s the Physics! impinj B0203A Some say that UHF can t work on metals Some argue that you can t stack UHF tags 33

34 UHF Gen2 Tags Can be Small Fact #1: UHF pallet tags need long range Require large far-field antennas Fact #2: UHF item-level tags need short range Use small near-field antennas Banjo Button 80.0 mm impinj J mm impinj B0203A 80.0 mm 34

35 UHF Gen2 Works Fine on Liquids Near-field UHF is not affected by liquids UHF Gen2 tags not only work on water, they work under water! 35

36 UHF Gen2 Works Fine on Metals All fields are affected by metals Near field and far field UHF can take advantage of the metal Can tune the antenna for metal UHF tags can work better on metal than in free space 36

37 UHF Gen2 Works in Close Proximity UHF enables simple loop-antenna designs Reduced tag-to-tag shielding Stacked tags are visible to reader Gen2 works fine on stacks of DVDs & racks of clothes 37

38 Key Gen2 Benefit: Low Tag Cost HF Item- Level Inlay UHF Item- Level Inlay ~20 turns fine resolution etched copper, 2 layers, 12 mm diameter Close-up showing high manufacturing complexity 38 1 turn, 1 layer conductive ink, 9 mm diameter

39 UHF Gen2 Has a Bright Future A single, open, worldwide standard A single infrastructure that can read pallets, cases, and items Operation in the far-field, near-field, or both An item-level UHF system Near-field coupling Confined 60cm read range Using the existing Gen2 protocol Same Gen2 tag silicon Same Gen2 readers Simply change the antennas 39

40 EPCglobal Network Infrastructure Framework Reader Protocol EPCglobal EPCglobal Core Core Services Services and and other other shared shared services services Reader Management Shared Service Interactions Filtering & Collection (ALE Peer-to-peer exchange of data about EPCs Interface) EPC Data Exchange Standards EPCglobal Subscriber EPCglobal Subscriber EPC Infrastructure Standards Exchange of physical objects with EPCs 40 EPC Physical Object Exchange Standards

41 EPC (ALE) Middleware Functionalities Data Aggregation Event Filtering Reader Management Customised Business Event Logic Internal Middleware Internal Middleware Edge Middleware Edge Middleware Edge Middleware Dock door 1 Dock door 2 Storage bays 41

42 EPCglobal Network Infrastructure Framework EPCglobal EPCglobal Core Core Services Services and and other other shared shared services services Shared Service Interactions Peer-to-peer exchange of data about EPCs EPC Information Services (EPCIS) EPC Data Exchange Standards Object Name Service (ONS) Discovery Services (future) EPCglobal Subscriber EPCglobal Subscriber EPC Manager Number Assignment Exchange of physical objects with EPCs EPC Infrastructure Standards EPC Physical Object Exchange Standards 42

43 EPC Use Case in Supply Chain Event Registry Search & Discovery Local ONS Local ONS Intranet 1 Intranet 2 Self contained EPC Intranets Interoperability between Intranets 43 Global Track & Trace over Internet

44 Total Shipment: 50,000 Drug-A Saving Cost: Recall 38,000 Drug-A Recall Mandatory:3000 Drug-A Potential Recall: 9000 Drug-A Total =12,000 Drug-A Product Recall Recall Mandatory: 3000 Drug-A Potential Defect: 5000 Drug-A Defected item: 1000 Drug-A DEFECT!! INCIDENT Nodes with Readers Defect Detected Recall Mandatory Potential Defect Manufacturer Port/Airport 3PL Shipment Date 1 Aug 2005 Port/Airport 3PL 44 Distributor Retailer Potential Recall Incident date 31 Aug 2005

45 Condition Monitoring Goods flow check point (Alert) 3 5 (Alert) NORMAL Temperature 0-4 o C ABNORMAL Temperature over 4 o C Nodes with Readers Manufacturer Port/Airport /3PL Port/Airport /3PL Distributor Retailer Item has problem Tag Read 45

46 Parallel Goods Identification Market s Good flow checkpoint (Item number) A (Alert other market) B (Alert) Market A Parallel Goods EPC serial number=666 Market B Product for Market A Product for Market B Item with EPC number 666 Manufacturer Port/Airport /3PL Port/Airport /3PL Distributor Retailer Counterfeit Item 46

47 Product Authentication Goods flow check point (Item number) (Normal) (Alert) Not match in manufacturer s DB COUNTERFEIT EPC serial number=999 NORMAL EPC serial number =123 Nodes with Readers Manufacturer Port/Airport /3PL Port/Airport /3PL Distributor Retailer Counterfeit Item Tag Read 47

48 Hong Kong EPCnetwork Infrastructure Project

49 Next generation of Supply Chain Opportunities for Hong Kong & Pan-Pearl River Delta HK A Sourcing & Logistics Hub in Pan Pearl River Delta Manufacturing base with concentration of contract manufacturers Gateway to backend manufacturing cities with high concentration of buying/management offices for sourcing & logistics support 49

50 EPC Internet of Things that underlines the Next Generation Supply Chain Potentials of Pan-Pearl River PPRD accounts for 40% of China s GDP Out of US$ billion of export from PPRD in 2004, HK accounted for US$258.9 billion (over 60%) 130,000 enterprises set up by HK entrepreneurs in Pan-PRD; 80,000 factories in Guangdong set up by Hong Kong businesses; about 50% of them are outward processing operations for textiles and clothing, electronic products, toys, clocks and watches. Pan-PRD (9 provinces + HK & Macau) covers both the upstream and downstream of the supply chain with business activities spanning from natural resources exploration, manufacturing services, to marketing and logistics services The vision of the Internet of Things is to harmonize the logistics movement with information flow forming an important pillar of the Pan-PRD region 50

51 The Hong Kong EPCnetwork Infrastructure Project EPC Network Infrastructure Project (Q Q1 2007) (Establishing an EPC Network Infrastructure to enable end-to-end Supply Chain Visibility) managed by GS1 Hong Kong - Develops EPC Network using global standard, and creates EPC technology reference case through EPC business reference case based on 4 pilot projects including global retailers, manufacturers and logistics providers - Researches in network securities, cross-border technology feasibility study and benefits study of pilots implementation - Identifies industry requirements of HK and Pearl River Delta - Fosters better integration of manufacturing and logistics services within HK and Pearl River Delta - Lowers implementation entry barrier for both technology solution providers and industry users 51

52 Vision & EPC Network Project Facilitates the development of PPRD as a global sourcing center Enhances the overall supply chain efficiency of the region Reinforces consumers confidence on PPRD products Powers up management of businesses within the region Expedites cross border customs clearance HKSAR HKSAR and and Guangdong Guangdong Province Province also also recognize recognize the the potential potential benefits benefits that that RFID/EPC RFID/EPC may may deliver deliver to to the the region. region. A joint joint funding funding scheme schemewas was introduced introduced in in Sept Sept to to support support different different research research and and development development (R&D) (R&D) projects projects on on this this promising promising technology. technology. 52

53 53

54 The Hong Kong EPCnetwork Infrastructure Project International Pilot 1 Vtech / Wal*Mart EPCglobal Network Infrastructure Finished product delivery Data Finished product delivery Data Finished product delivery Data Finished product Ship-Out Data US Retailer Logistics Service Provider HK Supplier China Factory RFID/EPC Consolidated Data Finished Product Finished Product Host Systems e.g. ERP, WMS 54

55 VTech / Wal-mart Pilot 55

56 The Hong Kong EPCnetwork Infrastructure Project International Pilot 2 Mark Int l / Maesrk / Target EPCglobal Network Infrastructure Finished product delivery Data Finished product delivery Data Finished product delivery Data Finished product delivery Data Finished product Ship-Out Data US Retailer US Deconsolidator HK Consolidator HK Supplier China Factory RFID/EPC Consolidated Data Finished Product Finished Product Host Systems e.g. ERP, WMS 56

57 Mark/Maersk/Target Pilot Slap Tag Warehouse In RFID Readers Automatic Scanning at Warehouse Gate In 57

58 Mark/Maersk/Target Pilot RFID Readers at Maersk Logistics Warehouse Gate In Container Terminal in Hong Kong (Maersk Logistics) ASN with EPC received at Maersk Logistics warehouse 58

59 Mark/Maersk/Target Pilot Unload Goods Maersk Logistics Warehouse Gate In (Automatic Reconciliation with ASN) Automatic Scanning at Warehouse Gate Out 59

60 The Hong Kong EPCnetwork Infrastructure Project China/HK Pilot 1 Esquel Group Phase 2 Phase 1 OPA EPCglobal Network Infrastructure Overseas Buyer Logistics Service Provider Finished Product Finished product Ship-Out Data WIP Data HK Factory Semiproduct Shipin/out Data Finished Product RFID/EPC Data Customs Semiproduct Semiproduct Shipin/out Data China Factory WIP Data RFID/EPC Consolidated Data Host Systems e.g. ERP, WMS 60

61 Esquel Pilot UHF RFID tags used in the plastic boxes and HF RFID tags used in bundles Automatic scanning when semi-finished products gate out and shipped to HK 61

62 Esquel Pilot RFID Readers and Antennas UHF RFID tags for the plastic boxes 62

63 The Hong Kong EPCnetwork Infrastructure Project China/HK Pilot 2 Group Sense Ltd. Phase 2 Phase 1 EPCglobal Network Infrastructure Finished product delivery Data Finished product Ship-Out Data WIP Data Finished product Ship-Out Data WIP Data HK Retailer Finished Product HK Warehouse Finished Product China Factory RFID/EPC Consolidated Data Host Systems e.g. ERP, WMS 63

64 GSL Pilot Label commissioning and print tags RFID equipment installed in the warehouse 64

65 Thank You!