TECHNICAL CERAMICS POWDERS & BODIES

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1 HNICAL CERAMICS POWDERS & BODIES CERAMIC BODIES

WHO WE ARE VICAR more tan 100 years of experience at Ceramics VICAR S.A is a company located in Manises (Valencia, Spain) which manufactures ceramic bodies and raw materials.

At the end of the 80 s VICAR was aware of the market evolution, so it started to develop a new range of products in the field of Technical Ceramics.

Besides, we keep producing the clays for the traditional sector (Pottery, tableware, sanitary ware, artistic ) VICAR has a new modern plant which includes: -Production plant (wet mills, spray driers,

2 WHO WE ARE VICAR more tan 100 years of experience at Ceramics VICAR S.A is a company located in Manises (Valencia, Spain) which manufactures ceramic bodies and raw materials. VICAR was born from a merger between two family companies (Vila and Carpintero) which since 1913 had been working on the production of ceramic bodies and raw materials. At the end of the 80 s VICAR was aware of the market evolution, so it started to develop a new range of products in the field of Technical Ceramics. Nowadays we are the main producer at Spain in the field of Technical Ceramic Compositions. Besides, we keep producing the clays for the traditional sector (Pottery, tableware, sanitary ware, artistic ) VICAR has a new modern plant which includes: -Production plant (wet mills, spray driers, intensive mixers, crushers, filter-pressers, shievers, raw material warehouse ) -Pilot plant for small batches and samples testing. -Laboratory for production quality control and also for Research and Development activities. Our success is thanks to VICAR s team effort through many decades, and thanks to all our customers, who have always trusted us. CUSTOMERS WORLDWIDE GROWTH VICAR ADDED VALUE VICAR s main goal is to satisfy our customers, looking for long lasting commercial relationships, as our business depend on their satisfaction. Our customers are distributed all over the world. We sell our compositions mainly to Europe (Spain, Germany, France, Italy, Portugal, Polland, Hungary, Lithuania, Serbia) and north of Africa. Overseas, our main exports go to USA, China and India. -Knowledge. VICAR has a technical and commercial team with many years of experience and knowledge at ceramics. -Business sense. The fact of being a manufacturing private company has given us a global view of the sector (markets, customers, vendors, raw materials, innovating processes, quality ) -Focused on solutions. Our team is used to provide solutions to the continuous market challenges. -Experience. VICAR has many years of experience at innovating. Our efforts are focused on improving the products, dealing with customers and optimizing manufacturing processes. -Looking at future. VICAR always searchs for new opportunities, because we are aware that market challenges always lead to growth opportunities. R&D activities are a must in our company.

SERVICES VICAR offers not only ceramic compositions, but also specialised services about working methods, knowledge and processes in

VICAR is able to develop different projects, including the design of new industrial processes or the characterization and analysis of

SERVICES -Laboratory services, physical-chemical tests on raw materials and finished products -Processes: intensive mixing, crushing,

From 100 to 1000 liters/hour evaporated water -Technical advice on industrial processes and applied engineering -Assistance for the

based on a mutually-beneficial customers partnerships.

Our R&D activities are carried out in different ways (individually, partnerships, private funds, European funds ).

3 SERVICES VICAR offers not only ceramic compositions, but also specialised services about working methods, knowledge and processes in the field of ceramics. VICAR is able to develop different projects, including the design of new industrial processes or the characterization and analysis of materials. SERVICES -Laboratory services, physical-chemical tests on raw materials and finished products -Processes: intensive mixing, crushing, wet ball milling, spray drying, filterpressing and granulation process -Spray Driers - Medium granule size: microns - Output: From 100 to 1000 liters/hour evaporated water -Technical advice on industrial processes and applied engineering -Assistance for the development and optimisation of new products Specialised services RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT VICAR Research & Development activities are based on a mutually-beneficial customers partnerships. Over the past years, we have achieved different collaborations with universities, industries and technical institutes. Our R&D activities are carried out in different ways (individually, partnerships, private funds, European funds ). All these efforts have led to many successes. In first place, the continuous improvement in all our products. Secondly, the development of new products with added value and the development of innovating compositions. These good results are reflected in all prizes and recognitions, patents and collaboration agreements with companies. Nowadays our R&D activities are focused in different fields, such as synthetic ceramics, feedstock, electrical properties, nanoparticles and so on.

PRODUCTS VICAR has two commercial lines of products A) TRADITIONAL

$-Refractory parts -Engobs -Sanitaryware -Tableware -Moulds -Bricks$ -Ventilated Facades -Coatings -Photoceramics B) HNICAL CERAMICS BODIES

For Technical Ceramic Bodies information please visit the other

compositions: -C100 PORCELAINS -C200 STEATITES -C300 TITANATES -C400

ALUMINA APPLICATION AREAS -High Tech coatings -High resistance alumina

4 PRODUCTS VICAR has two commercial lines of products A) TRADITIONAL CERAMIC BODIES -PORCELAIN -STONEWARE -MAJOLICA -ENGOBS -CLAYS APPLICATION AREAS -Artistic and handcraft -Floor and wall tiles -Refractory parts -Engobs -Sanitaryware -Tableware -Moulds -Bricks -Ventilated Facades -Coatings -Photoceramics B) HNICAL CERAMICS BODIES We offer different powders according to Norm IEC. For Technical Ceramic Bodies information please visit the other catalog, where you can find information about the following compositions: -C100 PORCELAINS -C200 STEATITES -C300 TITANATES -C400 DENSE CORDIERITES -C500 POROUS CORDIERITES -C600 MULLITES -C700 ALUMINA APPLICATION AREAS -High Tech coatings -High resistance alumina parts -Fuse parts -Filters -Insulators -Crucibles -Burners -Heaters -Photoceramics -Lamp holders -Capillary tubes -Valves -Perfume diffusers

NOTE: The following tables show a selection of our most common products.

The Group C100 is composed by porcelains with different alumina content.

Porcelains with improved electrical, mechanical and thermal properties are produced by exchanging quartz (SiO₂) for alumina (Al₂O₃).

in outdoor conditions. Aluminous porcelain is mostly used for outdoor post insulator.

Temperature EPOR-MIX-AT C-111 1240-1270 2,3-2,4 6,0-6,5 EPOR-LTR-AT C-120 1250-1300 2,5-2,6 5,1-5,6 EPOR-DUR-AT C-130 1250-1300 2,7-2,8 6,4-6,9

Recommended for electro-porcelain parts. Insulation properties Spray dried powder. White fired colour Recommended for electro-porcelain parts.

The main characteristic of Alumina Titanate is its exceptional resistance to thermal shock.

5 NOTE: The following tables show a selection of our most common products. Please contact us to get information about other specific products or customized compositions. ELECTRO-PORCELAINS GROUP C100 - ELECTROPORCELAINS. The Group C100 is composed by porcelains with different alumina content. Siliceous porcelains (Sub-groups C111 and C112) apply in low voltage areas. Porcelains with improved electrical, mechanical and thermal properties are produced by exchanging quartz (SiO₂) for alumina (Al₂O₃). The outstanding properties of aluminous porcelains are: very high strength even under permanent thermal load, and favorable long-term behavior in outdoor conditions. Aluminous porcelain is mostly used for outdoor post insulator. Nowadays VICAR has materials according the norm C111, C120 and C130. Besides, we can develop new products according to customer specifications. Temperature EPOR-MIX-AT C ,3-2,4 6,0-6,5 EPOR-LTR-AT C ,5-2,6 5,1-5,6 EPOR-DUR-AT C ,7-2,8 6,4-6,9 Spray dried powder. White grey fired colour. Recommended for electroporcelain parts.insulation properties Spray dried powder. White fired colour. Recommended for electro-porcelain parts. Insulation properties Spray dried powder. White fired colour Recommended for electro-porcelain parts. Insulation properties TITANATES GROUP C300 - ALUMINA TITANATES. The main characteristic of Alumina Titanate is its exceptional resistance to thermal shock. It is a perfect composition for those products that require a good thermal shock resistance, low conductivity and low moisture. Besides, they are chemically inert. Titanates are mainly used in aluminium foundries because of non-wettability with molten metals. ALTI-5P-AT ALTI-5X-AT Aluminium Titanate Aluminium Titanate Temperature ,0-3,2 < ,0-3,2 < 0 White cream fired colour. Exceptional thermal shock resistance. for parts in contact White cream fired colour. Exceptional thermal shock resistance. for parts in contact with melt aluminium

STEATITE Steatite is a ceramic material composed by natural raw materials, mainly soapstone (magnesium silicate) with the addition of clay, feldspar or barium

Examples of applications include sockets, control housings, insulating beads, low-voltage power fuses and base plates.

The type of flux affects the electrical characteristics and leads to the following differentiation: steatite for low-frequency (C210), normal steatite (C220), and

ST-3D-AT C-221 1260-1310 > 2,7 8,9-8,7 ST-EX3-AT C-220 1250-1300 > 2,6 7,5-8,0 ST-SOC-AT C-220 1240-1280 > 2,6 7,7-8,2 ST-RJ-CPO C-221 1270-1320 > 2,7 8,2-8,7 CIM

White cream fired colour. Recommended for dielectric parts. High insulating properties Spray dried powder.

CORDIERITES - This group includes dense cordierite, either alkaline earth or zircon based.

The group C500 includes the aluminosilicate magnesium materials. The most important crystalline phase in these compositions is cordierite (2MgO.2Al₂O₃.

Some examples of applications are the following: insulators for continuous flow electric water heaters, heating element pipes, heating element supports in

6 STEATITE Steatite is a ceramic material composed by natural raw materials, mainly soapstone (magnesium silicate) with the addition of clay, feldspar or barium carbonate as fluxes. Steatite has excellent dielectric properties, and it has been used for years in electrical engineering, electronic and heat engineering. Examples of applications include sockets, control housings, insulating beads, low-voltage power fuses and base plates. Steatites belong to magnesium silicates group (C200 group). The type of flux affects the electrical characteristics and leads to the following differentiation: steatite for low-frequency (C210), normal steatite (C220), and special steatite with "low loss factor" (C221). Temp. ST-3D-AT C > 2,7 8,9-8,7 ST-EX3-AT C > 2,6 7,5-8,0 ST-SOC-AT C > 2,6 7,7-8,2 ST-RJ-CPO C > 2,7 8,2-8,7 CIM Spray dried powder. White cream fired colour. Recommended for dielectric parts. High insulating properties Spray dried powder. White cream fired colour. Recommended for dielectric parts. High insulating properties Spray dried powder. White fired colour Recommended for dielectric parts High insulating properties Steatite precursor powder for CIM feedstock formulation CORDIERITES DENSE CORDIERITES - This group includes dense cordierite, either alkaline earth or zircon based. Cordierite C410 is often found in insulating applications, heating cartridges or electrical engineering. The group C500 includes the aluminosilicate magnesium materials. The most important crystalline phase in these compositions is cordierite (2MgO.2Al₂O₃.5MgO), and the most important property is its low thermal expansion coefficient and its good mechanical resistance. Some examples of applications are the following: insulators for continuous flow electric water heaters, heating element pipes, heating element supports in furnaces, link heaters, heating cartridges for soldering irons, gas heater inserts, spark protectors and catalyst carriers in car industry. POROUS CORDIERITES - In the past years, cordierite-based porous ceramics have become more and more important, as light structural materials, thermal insulating or catalyst supports, among other examples. This group includes the sub-groups C510, C511 and C512, which are compositions with different cordierite and porosity contents. Some examples of current applications are: flow electric water heaters, heating element pipes, heating element supports in furnaces, link heaters, heating cartridges for soldering irons, gas heater inserts, spark protectors catalyst carriers in car industry and so on.

7 CORDIERITES Temp. COR-22-AT C ,3-2,5 3,5-4,0 COR-FUS-AT C º-1325º 2,0-2,2 2,0-2,5 COR-NEX-AT C ,0-2,2 2,7-3,2 White fired colour. Good thermal shock resistance and dielectric strengh White grey fired colour. Very good thermal shock resistance and dielectric strengh Orange brown fired colour. Good thermal shock resistance COR-CANDEL-AT C ,1-2,2 2,8-3,3 COR-ITS-AT C ,0-2,2 2,7-3,2 Orange brown fired colour. Good thermal shock resistance Orange brown fired colour. Good thermal shock resistance COR-MIK-MP C ,0-2,2 4,0-5,0 Modelling Throwing Extruded moist body. Brown fired cordierite stoneware. Good thermal shock resistance COR-C51P-AT C ,1-2,3 3,5-4,0 Spray dried powder. Good termal shock resistance COR-60P-AT C ,1-2,3 4,0-4,5 White fired colour COR-P75-PO Porous cordierite ,1-1,3 3,5 4,0 White cream fired colour COR-MUL-PO Cordierite- Mullite ,1-2,4 3,8 4,2 Grey fired colour COR-PRESS-PO Cordierite- Mullite ,8-2,2 3,0-3,2 Cream fired colour COR-BACO-AT Dense cordierite ,2-2,3 2,7-3,2 White cream fired colour. Good thermal shock resistance and dielectric strengh COR-CW-AT Dense cordierite ,30-2,45 3,8-4,3 White grey fired colour. Good thermal shock resistance and dielectric strengh COR-FLAM-MP Grogged cordierite stoneware ,8-2,0 1,6-2,1 Modelling Throwing Extruded moist Body Very good resistance to direct flame for cookingware. Very plastic grogged stoneware (0-0,3 mm)

8 ALUMINA The Group C700 is made up of compositions with high content of alumina (Al₂O₃). Sub-groups classification (C780, C786, C795 and C799) depend on the alumina content at the composition. Sub-group C780 has a percentage of alumina content between 80-86%; C786 a percentage of 86-95% alumina content; C795 compositions have between 96-99% alumina content, and finally sub-group C799 has an alumina content percentage higher than 99%. Alumina ceramic is the most mature of the engineering ceramics, and it has excellent properties, such as high strength and hardness, high resistance to corrosion, high thermal conductivity, excellent insulation properties, high toughness and high-temperature strength. The applications of this material are many: electrical engineering, electronics, mechanical and plant engineering, chemical and processing technology, medical technology Temp. ALU-8601P-AT C ,35-3,45 7,2-7,7 ALU-86R5P-AT C ,4-3,5 7,2-7,7 ALU-86R25P-AT C ,4-3,5 7,2-7,7 ALU-9201P-AT C ,6-3,7 7,3-7,8 ALU-92R7P-AT C ,4-3,5 7,5-8,0 ALU-94R15P-AT C ,6-3,7 7,2-7,8 ALU-9502X-AT C ,6-3,7 7,5-8,0 ALU-9601P-AT C ,7-3,8 7,3-7,8 ALU-96R5P-AT C ,64-3,74 7,0-7,5 ALU-997P-AT C ,87-3,92 7,5-8,0 ALU-BL94N13P- AT N/A ,75-3,85 7,2-7,8 ALU-92C3-BAR N/A ,3-3,4 7,5-8,0 Casting properties. 86% White alumina properties 86% Light pink alumina properties 86% Deep pink alumina properties 92% White alumina properties 92% Light pink alumina properties 94% Deep pink alumina properties. Spark plugs 95% white alumina properties 96% White alumina properties. 96% Light pink alumina properties. 99.7% White alumina Good mechanical properties. 94% Black alumina Casting Slip. properties. 92% white alumina

ALU-94C-BAR N/A 1575-1625 3,5-3,6 7,5-8,0 Casting Casting Slip Alumina properties.

(3Al₂O₃.2SiO₂). It comprises sub-groups C610 and C620, depending on the alumina content.

high resistance to corrosion and high resistance to creep at high temperatures.

$molten metal handling, roller kilns, refractory parts for foundry.$ to develop new products according to customer requirements. Temp.

uses MUL-GAL57-AT C-610 1350-1400 > 2,6 5,4-5,8 MUL-GAL68-AT C-530 1450-1500 2,1-2,4 4,6-5,1

9 ALU-94C-BAR N/A ,5-3,6 7,5-8,0 Casting Casting Slip Alumina properties. 94% white alumina MULLITES Group C600 includes compositions with high content of mullite (3Al₂O₃.2SiO₂). It comprises sub-groups C610 and C620, depending on the alumina content. C610 compositions have between 50-65% of alumina content, and C620 compositions have between 65-80% of alumina content. The microstructure of this material is composed of mullite, corundum and a vitreous phase with low porosity levels. Mullites are dense materials with excellent properties: high strength, low thermal expansion, high resistance to corrosion and high resistance to creep at high temperatures. Applications include thermocouple protection tubes, carrying rollers for high temperature, molten metal handling, roller kilns, refractory parts for foundry... Nowadays VICAR has materials according the norm C610 and C620, besides it s also possible to develop new products according to customer requirements. Temp. MUL-6202X-AT C ,8-3,0 6,7-7,2 Spray-dried powder Dense mullite for electric uses MUL-GAL57-AT C > 2,6 5,4-5,8 MUL-GAL68-AT C ,1-2,4 4,6-5,1 MUL-6212P-AT C ,92-3,02 6,7-7,2 Spray Dried powder. Dense mullite Spray Dried Powder Porous Mullite Spray-dried powder Dense mullite for electric uses REF-FRAME1450- PO Mullite ,25-2,35 4,0-4,9 for kiln furniture MUL-DC-AT Mullite ,3-2,4 4,3-4,8 Spray-dried powder High purity mullite

$OTHER POWDERS REFRACTORY BODIES and BODIES FOR CRUCIBLES This generic name includes different materials used for the production of refractory elements, murals, sculptures, or any other applications$ The particle size of these bodies usually arrives to 3 mm to help the resistance of the tensions caused by the gross thickness of the final parts or by the thermal shock.

The particle size of these bodies usually arrives to 3 mm to help the resistance of the tensions caused by the gross thickness of the final parts or by the thermal shock.

POROUS BODIES This classification includes various compositions used for manufacturing elements with controlled porosity.

These materials are suitable in several applications and across different industries: liquid filtering, honeycombs, catalyst supports, thermal insulators, porous burners The chemistry composition and

ZIRCONA Zirconium dioxide (or zircona, ZrO₂), sometimes known as zirconia is a white crystalline oxide of zirconium. It crystallizes in monoclinic, tetragonal or cubic systems.

10 OTHER POWDERS REFRACTORY BODIES and BODIES FOR CRUCIBLES This generic name includes different materials used for the production of refractory elements, murals, sculptures, or any other applications with high temperature firing. These compositions used to be made with a mix of refractory clays and diverse grog (chamotte) qualities. The particle size of these bodies usually arrives to 3 mm to help the resistance of the tensions caused by the gross thickness of the final parts or by the thermal shock. We include into this material classification special bodies for the manufacturing of crucibles. They can be used for covering graphite crucibles or directly in foundry of precious metals. POROUS BODIES This classification includes various compositions used for manufacturing elements with controlled porosity. Porous materials have very interesting properties such as low density, low thermal conductivity, low dielectric and high thermal shock resistance. These materials are suitable in several applications and across different industries: liquid filtering, honeycombs, catalyst supports, thermal insulators, porous burners The chemistry composition and the distribution, shape and size of the pore are defined according to the application desired. ZIRCONA Zirconium dioxide (or zircona, ZrO₂), sometimes known as zirconia is a white crystalline oxide of zirconium. It crystallizes in monoclinic, tetragonal or cubic systems. Due to the fact the transformation to monoclinic structure brings a volumetric change, to stabilize these crystalline structures different cations are used, such as magnesium oxide (MgO), calcium oxide (CaO) or yttria oxide (Y₂O₃). There are two options when stabilizing it: totally (totally stabilized zirconia (TSZ) or partially stabilized zircona (PSZ). PSZ process is remarkable, because it prevents the tetragonal phase transformation to monoclinic phase. This is due to its pre-tension which leads to an increase of resistance and hardness. The zirconium oxide has achieved a high importance in the last years due to the following properties: extremely fracture resistance, high wear and corrosion resistance, thermal expansion similar to cast iron and low thermal conductivity. Temp. CR-DENTAL-G20-PO CR-DENTAL-G30-PO CR-DENTAL-G100-PO For crucible production ,5-1,7 1,4-1,6 1,7-1,9 1,4-1,9 1,2-1,7 1,0-1,5 Casting (-20 mesh) (-30 mesh) (-100 mesh) CR14T-PO CR14-PO DIF3-AT For crucible production For crucible production For porous parts production ,1-2,3 3,5-4, ,1-2,3 2,8-3,3 Casting ,6-1,9 4,2-6,2 ZIRCONA Zircona ,03-6, Uniaxial and Isostatic pressing (-20 mesh) Grey fired colour (-20 mesh) Grey fired colour Spray dried powder White fired colour. We have different types of Zircona according to the application and working procedure. Please ask for further details

COLOURED POWDERS VICAR also offers different coloured ceramics powders.

The following tables show some examples of it, but we can compose any colour requested by the

These coloured powders apply for different ceramics, such as steatites, cordierites, alumina,

STYCOL (STEATITES) ST-RO-AT RED ST-NAR-AT ORANGE ST-AM-AT YELLOW ST-VR6-AT APPLE GREEN

ALYCOL (ALUMINA) ALU-86R5P-AT LIGHT PINK 86 % ALUMINA ALU-86R25P-AT DEEP PINK 86% ALUMINA

PINK 96% ALUMINA ALU-96R25P-AT DEEP PINK 96% ALUMINA ALU-BL94N13P-AT BLACK 94% ALUMINA

(CORDIERITES) COR-C410 / RED-AT RED COR-C410 / YELLOW-AT YELLOW COR-C410 / BLUE-AT BLUE

/ PINK-AT SALMON PINK PORMOS (PORCELAIN) PORMOS-RED-AT RED PORMOS-YELLOW-AT YELLOW

PORMOS-LBLUE-AT LIGHT BLUE PORMOS-DBLUE-AT DARK BLUE CUSTOMIZED PRODUCTS This catalogue only

11 COLOURED POWDERS VICAR also offers different coloured ceramics powders. These compositions are served only in spray dried powder (not plastic mass). The following tables show some examples of it, but we can compose any colour requested by the customer. These coloured powders apply for different ceramics, such as steatites, cordierites, alumina, porcelains Please contact us for further information. STYCOL (STEATITES) ST-RO-AT RED ST-NAR-AT ORANGE ST-AM-AT YELLOW ST-VR6-AT APPLE GREEN ST-VR14-AT OLIVE GREEN ST-TQ-AT TURQUOISE ST-AZ1-AT DARK BLUE ST-GR13-AT GREY ST-N6-AT BLACK ALYCOL (ALUMINA) ALU-86R5P-AT LIGHT PINK 86 % ALUMINA ALU-86R25P-AT DEEP PINK 86% ALUMINA ALU-92R5P-AT LIGHT PINK 92% ALUMINA ALU-92R25P-AT DEEP PINK 92% ALUMINA ALU-96R5P-AT LIGHT PINK 96% ALUMINA ALU-96R25P-AT DEEP PINK 96% ALUMINA ALU-BL94N13P-AT BLACK 94% ALUMINA ALU-AZ9511P-AT DEEP BLUE 95% ALUMINA ALU-AZ9514P-AT SKY BLUE 95% ALUMINA CORDYCOL (CORDIERITES) COR-C410 / RED-AT RED COR-C410 / YELLOW-AT YELLOW COR-C410 / BLUE-AT BLUE COR-C410 / BROWN-AT BROWN COR-C410 / OLIVE-AT OLIVE GREEN COR-C410 / GREEN-AT GREEN COR-C410 / PINK-AT SALMON PINK PORMOS (PORCELAIN) PORMOS-RED-AT RED PORMOS-YELLOW-AT YELLOW PORMOS-BLACK-AT BLACK PORMOS-LGREEN-AT LIGHT GREEN PORMOS-DGREEN-AT DARK GREEN PORMOS-LBLUE-AT LIGHT BLUE PORMOS-DBLUE-AT DARK BLUE CUSTOMIZED PRODUCTS This catalogue only shows some examples of our standard products. Besides, we have customized products according to customer requirements. Please contact us in case you are interested in any composition with specific parameters, or you need the Technical Data Sheet or Material Safety Data Sheet of any product from our catalogue.

12 Ceramic Bodies Company Calle Rosas, Manises (Valencia) SPAIN Expertise in ceramic powders Telf vicar@vicar-sa.es

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