Oceans 11 Marine Food Web 12/3/ th Trophic Level. 3rd Trophic Level. 2nd Trophic Level. 1st Trophic Level
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1 Food Web Assignment Marine Ecosystems Name: Section: An ecosystem is a community of living organisms in which there are interactions between living and non-living things. From earlier in your science career, you know that a food chain is a pathway of energy through an ecosystem. 4th Trophic Level 3rd Trophic Level Tertiary Consumers, Top Predators Secondary Consumers, carnivores/omnivores 2nd Trophic Level Primary Consumers, herbivores 1st Trophic Level Producers Grass Grasshopper Robin Cat (Food Chain) A food Chain can cross over with many different organisms, thus creating a food web. The first part of an activity like this is for you to understand what each animal in your ecosystem eats For this activity: - you will organize animals into the four trophic levels - you will show a pathway of energy from the sun, to the 1st to 4th trophic levels - you will draw conclusions on the food web in our oceans and look to the future impact of climate change on our ocean The Animals you will study are based in an Arctic ecosystem: Arctic fox Glaucous gull Kittywake Bearded Seal Harp seal Runged seal Eider duck Polar Bear Brunnich s guillemot Little auk Fulmar Black Guillemot Baleen whale Algae bloom Benthic Crustaceans Benthic fish Beluga Cod Capelin Polychaetes squid mussels and snails Krill Polar Cod Jellyfish Pelagic Crustaceans Plankton
2 Place the following organisms in their correct trophic level Animal Diet Artic Fox Ringed seal, Duck Glaucous gull fish, insects, mollusks, invertebrates Kittywake fish Bearded seal clams, squid, fish ringed seal fish, pelagic crustaceans Harp Seal capelin, cod Eider Duck crustaceans, mollusks Polar Bear Bearded seal, Ringed Seal Brunnich's Guillemot capelin, crustaceans Little Auk capelin, crustaceans Fulmar crustaceans, small fish (capelin), squid, jellyfish Black Guillemot capelin, crustaceans Baleen whale krill, capelin Polychaets algae Beluga fish, squid, jellyfish, bethic organisms Cod krill Capelin krill Benthic Crustaceans algae, scavengers (eat dead objects) Benthic Fish algae Mussels and Snails algae, plankton Krill algae, invertebrates Polar Cod jellyfish, squid Pelagic Crustaceans algae Jellyfish plankton Primary Producers sun's energy Squid small fish, krill Trophic Level
3 Assignment: 1. Using a blank piece of paper place the organisms in the following pattern: Trophic Level (a) All organisms should be placed on your page (b) Arrows show the flow of energy. So if an organism is eating something, it should show the arrow going from the prey to the predator. You just need the word neatly printed and the box neatly drawn. All arrows should be straight lines, even if they have to be broken to get around other objects. (c) Colour Code Each trophic level (i) Arrows going from the 1st tropic to the 2nd trophic level is ORANGE (ii) Arrows going from the 2nd trophic to the 3rd trophic level is RED (iii) Arrows going from the 3rd trophic to the 4th trophic level is BLUE (d) Answer the Analysis Questions 2. Read the Attached article and answer the questions.
4 Analysis 1. What role do krill have in this ecosystem? Name: 2. What will happen when polar bears go extinct to this food web? 3. During the Spring Algae bloom (as we studied), how will that impact our ecosystem we are studying? 4. Fishing cod is a major industry in Canada. How would overfishing affect the Polar Ecosystem? 5. Sealing is a practice of killing seals in the Arctic to protect cod supplies. Using your food web, support this action. Do you agree that this is the right thing to do?
5 Response to Article: 1. Describe the Peter Lake experiment and its findings. 2. According to the article, how has overfishing sharks affected the ecosystem pictured? 3. Most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones Explain this statement. 4. How did killing wolves, a top predator, affect the land based ecosystem?
6 5. How did humans affect the cod populations? 6. What is meant by ecosystem flipping? 7. Why are ecologists working on an early warning system for ecosystems?
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