MFA Case Studies for Industries
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1 MFA Case Studies for Industries Paul H. Brunner Vienna University of Technology Institute for Water Quality, Resources and Waste Management P.H. Brunner 1/25
2 MFA for strategic resource management in the iron industry 0,8 11 primary production 2 production 6 0,3 2,7 4 consumpt waste magmnt 7 0,8 pedo-/ lithosphere 140* 4 1,5 other disposal geogenic iron reserve anthropogenic iron stock P.H. Brunner 2/25
3 MFA for strategic resources management: P and N [kg phosphorous/c.a] systems boundaries: national boundary/ agriculture 1 food processing 0,4 private household 3 0,6 0,4 agricultural losses and wastes food processing wastes sewage and MSW P.H. Brunner 3/25
4 Total nitrogen flow due to nutrition [kg nitrogen/c.a] systems boundaries: national boundary/ agriculture 8 food processing 3.7 private household agricultural losses and wastes food processing wastes sewage and MSW P.H. Brunner 4/25
5 Setting priorities for resource management by MFA respiration transpiration mass [kg/c.a] phosphorus [g/c.a] food human body kitchen feces urine garbage sewage sewering system to STP to MSW treatment P.H. Brunner 5/25
6 MFA reveals: urine >> feces > rest respiration transpiration mass [kg/c.a] nitrogen [g/c.a] food human body kitchen feces urine garbage sewage sewering system to STP to MSW treatment P.H. Brunner 6/25
7 Opportunities for industries 1. New technologies based on MFA : No-mix toilets to recycle nutrients 2. Reconsider sewer as a nutrient collection system: sewer -> wwtp -> sludge incineration -> ash extraction -> P-reuse P.H. Brunner 7/25
8 MFA for greenhouse gas emission assessment P.H. Brunner 8/25
9 Sources of fossile carbon in waste P.H. Brunner 9/25
10 No additional measurements needed to determine fossil CO 2 P.H. Brunner 10/25
11 Results: 1 ton of CO 2 ~ CO 2 - Emissions Energy sources CO 2 -Emissions [kilo tons/year] ,9 ± 3,9 72,7 ± 3,1 52.9% 47.1% Fossil fuels (plastics) 52.7±2.0% Auxiliary fuels (fuel oil, natural gas) 0,8% Biomass (Paper,..) 46.5±2.0% biogenic fossil Johann Fellner P.H. Brunner 11/25
12 MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance P.H. Brunner 12/25
13 The problem: too much Copper in gravel from railroad Cu-content [mg/kg] Quality criteria: landfill ordinance recycling anthropogenic Cu geogenic Cu time [t] P.H. Brunner 13/25
14 The method: MFA of Cu in track ballast P.H. Brunner 14/25
15 Result: brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources 1.8 kg/y +1.9 kg/y P.H. Brunner 15/25
16 Solution: new material for brake pads, contact line (?), and low Cu gravel Cu-content [mg/kg] Quality criteria: landfill ordinance recycling anthropogenic Cu geogenic Cu time [t] P.H. Brunner 16/25
17 Solution: new material for brake pads, contact line (?), and low Cu gravel Cu-content [mg/kg] Quality criteria: landfill ordinance recycling anthropogenic Cu geogenic Cu time [t] P.H. Brunner 17/25
18 Case study: MFA of regional lead flows and stocks flow 340 Δ stock ~ export 280 lead [t/y] surface water 0.6 consumer goods atmosphere forest soil agricult. soil urban area river 0.14 WWTP landfill ~ surface water 2 filter residue and construction iron 7 used cars household 0.15 sewer 0.45 industry >270 >330 MSW 5.6 regional boundary P.H. Brunner 18/25
19 Case study: MFA of regional lead flows and stocks landfill landfill ~ flue gas car manufacturer 60 car shredder ~0 iron smelter iron product ~3 270 filter dust P.H. Brunner 19/25
20 MFA for env. protection and resource management flow 340 Δ stock ~ export 280 lead [t/y] surface water 0.6 consumer goods atmosphere forest soil agricult. soil urban area river 0.14 WWTP landfill ~ surface water 2 filter residue and construction iron 7 used cars household 0.15 sewer 0.45 industry >270 >330 MSW 5.6 regional boundary P.H. Brunner 20/25
21 Thank you P.H. Brunner 21/25
MFA Case Studies for Industries
MFA Case Studies for Industries Paul H. Brunner Vienna University of Technology Institute for Water Quality, Resources and Waste Management http://www.iwa.tuwien.ac.at t i t P.H. Brunner 1/25 MFA for strategic
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