Biomass to energy experience in Indonesia

Transcription

1 Biomass to energy experience in Indonesia Christoph Kwintkiewicz Australien New zealand New Innovative Energy Solutions ANNIES Export NZ Ltd.

2 Introduction Consulting in energy efficiency and biomass usage for over 20 years. heating systems heat demand of buildings heat pumps air conditioning cooling systems combined heat and power CHP, Tri-generation, CHCP lighting systems electrical drives energy management EM energy from biomass (wood, waste + biogas) Trainings done in Germany, Thailand, China Other trainer activities: Decentralized EM Communal EM Facility Manager Solateur + interactiv CD

3 LCORE (Least COst Renewables) in Indonesia LCORE Project, jointly implemented by GIZ and EBTKE, funded by BMUB through the ICI (International Climate Initiative) Biomass to energy sector studies done LCORE 2011 to 2015: Rice husk Sugar bagasse Starch residues Palm Oil Mills POM residues

4 Rice industry investigated Thousands of small (4tpd- 12tpd) & medium 40tpd-100tpd mills. On site power generation via Diesel gen-sets. ~20kWh el / ton paddy

5 Rice industry investigated Rice drying in small mills by sun. In medium mills by burning rice husk.

6 Rice industry options Options discussed: 1) Gasifier & gen-set for small & medium mills 2) ORC CHP for medium mills 3) Power plant supplied by several mills

7 Sugar industry investigated Steam turbine Crusher

8 Sugar industry investigated 20bar steam usage Milling Power Boiler Cooking 0.5t steam/t cane Could be reduced to 0.35t steam/t cane

9 Sugar industry options Options discussed: 1) Mill optimization 2) HP boiler STG (>25MWe) 3) Fuel storage for post campaign time 4) Alternative fuels

10 Strach industry investigated Cassava Easy to plant Up to 200t/ha harvest High starch content Sago palm High starch content Natural forests in Papua Challenging location Photo source wiki

11 Cassava / Tapioca starch industry options Options discussed: 1) Reducing coal by CHP & biogas 2) Use of pulp 3) Power export 4) Green Starch

12 Sago starch industry options Options discussed: 1) Self sufficient power supply in Papua 2)

13 Palm oil industry investigated Over 700 POM/PKS in Indonesia and growing

14 Thailand experience in the Palm oil industry E3Agro Best Practice Guide Ministry of Energy, DEDE, Thailand & GTZ, Germany, Key findings: Typical POM in Thailand 45t FFB/h Processing steam demand >0.5t steam/t FFB Processing steam could be reduced <0.35t steam/t FFB Energy potentials per POM: Optimizing existing equipment ~ MWe HP boiler and using EFB, trunks, fronds >10MWe Biogas from POME >1MWe

15 Palm oil industry investigated Selfsufficient in power & process steam demand Have start-up Diesel gen-sets Backpressure steam turbine generator

16 Palm oil industry investigated POME treatment aerobic POME treatment anaerobic Biogas production Biogas gen-set >1.0MWe

17 Palm oil industry options Options discussed: 1) Mill optimization 2) Use of EFB, fronts & trunks 3) HP boiler STG (>5MWe) 4) Biogas CHP (>2MWe) 5) Alternative use of residues 6) Recycling of nutirents

18 Potential in Indonesia Installed 45GW el Planned 35GW el Biomass potential: PKS ~7GW el Sugar Starch Rice Corn others pln-long-term-electricity-plan-2014.pdf

19 PPA comparison between EGAT & PLN EGAT Thailand hesitant PLN Indonesia hesitant FIT & Political support FIT & Political support Saw the benefits

20 Product mindset Biomass owners think in tons of product output: Rice, sugar, starch, CPO tons per year. They do not like to become Power producers! Energy is not their core business, Product is!

21 Separating Product & Energy - BOOT As Product is the core business, why bother with energy? Alternative BOOT Build Owned Operated Transfer option. Most efficient technology No CAPEX & OPEX No waiting for steam & no gen-sets needed Profit sharing

22 Lessons learned 1) Projects take longer than expected. 2) Check infrastructure!

23 Thank you for your attention Terima Kasih Christoph Kwintkiewicz,