The Challenges of Integrating Renewable and Distributed Energy Resources what we can learn from smart grid research and demonstrations

Transcription

1 The Challenges of Integrating Renewable and Distributed Energy Resources what we can learn from smart grid research and demonstrations Lisa Dignard-Bailey, Program Director Natural Resources Canada

2 Outline Introduction Federal research CanmetENERGY Integration of renewable energy in distribution networks in Canada Research and demonstration Summary

3 Source:

4 Solar Photovoltaic reached 196MW in 2010 Cumulative PV Capacity (MW) Centralized (MW) Grid-connected (MW) Off-grid (MW) Year

5 A wide ranging effort have been initiated by the provinces targeting renewable energy development British Columbia -Clean energy Act, 2010 Alberta Bioenergy, wind energy and transmission Manitoba wind-hydro generation and synchrophasor New Brunswick power shift project wind integration Nova Scotia Renewable Electricity Plan - Wind and Tidal Newfoundland Labrador Hydro power and transmission Prince Edward Island wind energy strategy Saskatchewan, wind Ontario Green Energy and Green Economy Act, 2009 Wind, biomenergy, solar, hydro focus on job creation Québec released its Energy Strategy in Jointly with its Plan Nord objectives, more than MW of hydroelectric power and MW of wind power will be implemented before 2035 Northern territories (Yukon, NWT, Nunavut): Ø Ø Ø Creating a Brighter Future Reducing dependence on diesel power in remote communities Geothermal, Solar, Wind

6 CanmetENERGY: Who are we? Research and development arm of department of Natural Resources Canada Over 450 scientists, engineers, and technicians spread over three research centres (Ottawa, Devon, and Varennes). Goal: To ensure that Canada is at the leading edge of clean energy technologies to reduce air and greenhouse gas emissions and improve the health of Canadians.

7 Research Program Objective: To support national S&T efforts that will contribute to the modernization of the electricity grid network, enhance the benefits of renewable and clean distributed energy resources, increase diversity and reliability of supply, and facilitate recovery after disruptions.

8 Study Electricity System Planning and Operation with Variable Generation Mix Customer Load kw Electricity + kw Heat Variable Sources Current value Forecast Forecast Current value Real time Energy Management $ Electricity Market Fast acting Controls Dispatchable Sources Optimal operation

9 DG Protection and Safety Study Group Distribution Systems Research Study for Multiple Generation protection & coordination : Goal is to have national interconnection standards across the country as opposed to each province or utility having unique requirements which would drive costs up and discourage adoption of alternate energy technologies. Planning to report findings with conclusions and recommendations for application of smart grid technologies British Columbia (CYMDIST model) New Brunswick (CYMDIST model) Ontario (MATLAB&SIMULINK equivalent model)

10 Research Plan to Study High Penetration Photovoltaic Power ( )

11 Research Highlight Special study to address impact of high PV penetration on voltage profiles in Residential Neighbourhoods Ø Ø A model using PSCAD/EMTDC has been developed for a Canadian overhead residential benchmark. Addresses key question raised by utilities 3 MVA PF MVA PF 0.95 Substation 94 MVA 120 kv/25 kv 1 km 1 km A B 1 km 0 AWG ASC C 3 MVA PF MVA PF MVA PF MVA PF 0.95 X 9 X 9 X 9 X 9 2 km 336 kcmil ASC B X 9 X 9 X 9 X 9 3 MVA PF MVA PF MVA PF m 250 m 250 m 250 m A 0 AWG ASC 75 kva 14.4 kv/120 V/240 V X 9 X 9 X 9 X 9 X 9 X 9 X 9 X 9 C 2 MVA PF m 20 m 20 m X 9 X 9 X 9 X 9 X 9 X 9 X 9 20 m 20 m 2 MVA PF m 20 m 20 m 216 PV Houses 20 m 20 m 20 m 20 m 20 m 4/0 AWG, Aluminum, XLPE Sub-Network A 1/0 AWG, Aluminum, XLPE PSCAD model Source: Dave Turcotte Canadian overhead residential feeder Benchmark

12 Research Highlight Smart Remote Microgrid Band Office Resident Source: Pulse Energy Rural electricity coopera.ve - saving remain in the community Ø AMI for 66 residences and 18 buildings Hartley Bay, BC - first smart grid of its kind in North America. Ø Research on demand responsive load and validate op.mal smart grid opera.on. Ø Knowledge base will improve our understanding of cost- benefit of advanced metering infrastructure Ø Target fuel cost reduc.on: $50, ,000 per year.

13 International research cooperation Publicly available R&D results To share lesson learned from Strategic Research Programs in North America, Europe and Asia

14 Smart Grid Applications Real-time Simulation and Contingency Analysis Distributed Generation and Renewable Energy Sources Self-Healing Wide-Area Protection and Islanding Asset Management and On-Line Equipment Monitoring Demand Response and Dynamic Pricing Participation in Energy Markets Source: Electric Power Research Institute EPRI IntelliGrid 14

15 Smart Grid Redefines Industry Boundaries Electrical power industry (Generators, Transformers, Wires) Telecommunication industry (Router, Fiber, Internet, Phone) Smart Grid products & services Building industry (Automation Systems, Lighting, HVAC) Manufacturers (Electronic, Appliance, Car) Source: David Beauvais

16 Clean Energy Fund Demonstration Project Zone de réseau interactif, Hydro-Québec - Demonstra+on of DMS/VVO, AMI, PHEV charging, distributed genera+on integra+on Updates: - The Volt- VAR program (CATVAR) is deployed and opera+onal in the Smart Grid Zone. More have been added outside of the Smart Grid Zone of the planned 5800 AMI meters have been installed of 50 planned Electric Vehicle (EV) charging sta+ons planned for 2011 have been installed and are opera+onal special equipped EVs are on the road with on- board data acquisi+on to track data such as usage parameters and charging requirements. - Project update : hyp://bit.ly/qdn4k4 Hydro-Québec Smart Zone Source : EPRI EPRI Smart Grid Demonstration Update (August 15th 2011)

17 Clean Energy Fund Demonstration Project Golden & Field Project, BC Hydro Golden & Field Two 1 MW bayery storage systems To support substa+on and transmission constraints (2 MW with DR) Peaking support and islanding support for remote community (500 kw) Updates : - BaYery RFP Spec based on func+onal requirements: Peak shaving & Islanding NAS bayeries (NGK) selected Integrator RFP : S&C Electric company Commission planned spring 2012 Press release & video : hyp://bit.ly/qjrj9h Source : Jaime Peralta & Helen Whittaker, BC Hydro

18 Clean Energy Fund Demonstration Project Power Measurement Ltd (Schneider) The Project will demonstrate what is called an Energy Management Business Intelligence Plaeorm (EMBIP) system GHG monitoring Peak shaving Voluntary load curtailment 3 sites: Suncor Tower (Calgary) Brookfield Place (Toronto) Bri+sh Columbia Ins+tute of Technology (BCIT) campus Updates : Consump+on Repor+ng and Load Factor U+liza+on soiware demonstra+ons at the Suncor Towers and BCIT Campus sites. When fully implemented, the total GHG emissions calcula+ons will be available to tenants and building operators Source : Schneider, BCIT Campus showing locations on the campus map of the current meters

19 Clean Energy fund Project Powershift Atlantic, Maritimes Development of a Virtual Power Plant Ancillary Service : Load following variable genera+on Project Objec+ves : 1. Evaluate if load control is a cost effec+ve and reliable ancillary service to dispatch net requirements. 2. Evaluate load control performance in response to measured and forecasted wind power. 3. Evaluate the customers role and their acceptance of u+lity control for the purposes of renewable energy integra+on. Updates : - Posi+ve feedback from popula+on - Tests with Tantalus (Sharkfin technology) - Tests with Sequentrix - VPP provider to be known end of 2011 Source : PowerShift Atlantic, Michel Losier Web site :

20 Collaboration Site - EPRI Smart Grid Resource Center Menu Use Case Repository Calendar Smart Grid Demo Related Links News Newsletters

21 National & International Collaboration Ø Ontario Smart Grid Forum Ø Interna.onal Smart Grid Ac.on Network (ISGAN) Ø IEA Smart Grid Roadmap (Published in 2011) Ø Grid Integra.on of Variable Renewable (GIVAR) Studies + Tool for flexibility assessment Ø Major Economies Forum Technology Ac.on Plan Ø Clean Energy Dialogue (Canada- US) Ø Standards Task Force

22 International Smart Grid Action Plan 1 Global Smart Grid Inventory of smart grid-enabling programs and policies 2 Case Studies using a common framework and metrics 3 Benefit/Cost Methodologies (bottom-up & top-down) and related Policy Toolkits to assess smart grid investments 4 Synthesis for High-level Decision Makers (e.g., CEM Ministers ) of insights from ISGAN and related projects

23 Smart Grid Technology and Standards Task Force Transmission & Distribution Security & Privacy Consumer

24 Ontario Smart Home Roadmap Ontario Smart Home Roadmap - Independent System Operator, Modernizing Ontario s Electricity System: Next Steps - Second Report of the Ontario Smart Grid Forum, May 2011

25 Smart Microgrid Research Network (Funding from NSERC: ) Brings together researchers in the telecommunication and power system field to develop innovative solutions for smart grid applications and microgrids.

26 Smart Grid/Microgrid Research Effort Demand Response Renewable Generation Conventional/ Traditional Grids Smart Microgrid Smart Zone Smart Microgrid Smart Zone Smart Microgrid Applications remote, grid connected, renewables, etc. Smart Grid

27 Smart Microgrid Network Theme 1 Operation, Control, and Protection of Intelligent Microgrids Ø Control, Operation, and Renewables for Remote Microgrids (Univ. of Toronto) Ø Distributed Control, Hybrid Control, and Power Management (Univ. of Toronto) Ø Status Monitoring, Disturbance Detection, Diagnostics, and Protection (Univ. of Alberta) Ø Operational Strategies and Storage Technologies to Address Barrier for Very High Penetration of DG Units (McGill)

28 Smart Microgrids Network Theme 2 Intelligent Microgrid Planning, Optimization and Regulatory Issues Ø Cost-benefits Framework - Secondary Benefits and Ancillary Services (McGill) Ø Energy and Supply Security Considerations (Univ. of Toronto) Ø Demand Response Technologies and Strategies - Energy Management and Metering (Univ. of Waterloo) Ø Integration Design Guidelines and Performance Metrics - Study Cases (Univ. of Manitoba)

29 Smart Microgrid Network Theme 3 Intelligent Microgrid Communication and Information Technologies Ø Universal Communication Infrastructure (UBC) Ø Grid Integration Requirements, Standards, Codes and Regulatory Considerations (McGill) Ø Distribution Automation Communications: Sensors, Condition Monitoring and Fault Detection (Univ. of New Brunswick) Ø Integrated Data Management and Portals (BCIT)

30 Summary Support the establishment of a reliable and efficient electricity distribution infrastructure able to integrate renewable and distributed energy resources; Support and influence the development and harmonization of standards; Establish a consortium of leading industry/utility research centers, national laboratories, and universities and increase the pool of specialists that this industry needs to bring their products and services to the market place; Facilitate the market acceptance of renewable energy that will contribute to meeting Canada's policy goals.

31 CanmetENERGY 1615, Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec, Canada

32 ecoenergy Innovation Initiative The ecoenergy Innovation Initiative (ecoeii) is a new program that received $97 million in funding in Budget 2011, the Next Phase of Canada s Economic Action Plan Research and development (R&D) and demonstration projects on energy technology innovation Up to 50 % funding from the federal government. Call for Letters of Interest