The Global Market for Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY... 18

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1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Market opportunity rating system Market challenges rating system EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Exceptional properties Products and applications Competition from the graphene market Production Future products Market and production challenges Safety issues Dispersion Synthesis and supply quality Cost Competition from other materials CARBON NANOTUBES Multi-walled nanotubes (MWNT) Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT) Single-chirality... 40

2 3.3 Double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNT) Carbon Nanohorns (CNHs) Carbon Onions Fullerenes Boron Nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) Properties COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF GRAPHENE AND SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES Comparative properties Carbon nanotube-graphene hybrids Competitive market analysis of single-walled carbon nanotubes and graphene CARBON NANOTUBE SYNTHESIS Arc discharge synthesis Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) High-pressure carbon monoxide synthesis High Pressure CO (HiPco) CoMoCAT Flame synthesis Laser ablation synthesis... 57

3 5.7 Silane solution method SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES MARKET STRUCTURE SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES END USER MARKET SEGMENT ANALYSIS Production volumes in metric tons, SWNT producer production capacities Price of carbon nanotubes-mwnts, SWNTs and FWNTs MWNTs SWNTs APPLICATIONS OF SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES ADHESIVES MARKET DRIVERS APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY FOR SWNTs MARKET CHALLENGES AEROSPACE MARKET DRIVERS APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY FOR SWNTs MARKET CHALLENGES AUTOMOTIVE MARKET DRIVERS... 78

4 11.2 APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY FOR SWNTs MARKET CHALLENGES LIFE SCIENCES AND MEDICAL MARKET DRIVERS APPLICATONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY FOR SWNTs MARKET CHALLENGES COMPOSITES INCLUDING THERMOPLASTICS AND RUBBER MARKET DRIVERS APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY MARKET CHALLENGES ELECTRONICS FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS AND CONDUCTIVE FILMS MARKET DRIVERS APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY MARKET CHALLENGES TRANSISTORS, INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND OTHER COMPONENTS MARKET DRIVERS APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY

5 MARKET CHALLENGES MEMORY DEVICES MARKET DRIVERS APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY MARKET CHALLENGES PHOTONICS MARKET DRIVERS APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY MARKET CHALLENGES ENERGY BATTERIES MARKET DRIVERS APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY MARKET CHALLENGES SUPERCAPACITORS MARKET DRIVERS APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY MARKET CHALLENGES PHOTOVOLTAICS

6 MARKET DRIVERS APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY MARKET CHALLENGES FUEL CELLS AND HYDROGEN STORAGE MARKET DRIVERS APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY MARKET CHALLENGES FILTRATION MARKET DRIVERS APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY MARKET CHALLENGES LUBRICANTS MARKET DRIVERS APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY MARKET CHALLENGES SENSORS MARKET DRIVERS APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs

7 18.3 MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY MARKET CHALLENGES SMART TEXTILES AND APPAREL MARKET DRIVERS APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY MARKET CHALLENGES CONDUCTIVE INKS MARKET DRIVERS APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY MARKET CHALLENGES D PRINTING MARKET DRIVERS APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY MARKET CHALLENGES CARBON NANOTUBES PRODUCERS AND PRODUCT DEVELOPERS (56 company profiles) 23 REFERENCES TABLES

8 Table 1: Market summary for single-walled carbon nanotubes-selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications Table 2: Properties of CNTs and comparable materials Table 3: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in order of opportunity from high to low Table 4: SWNT producer s production capacities Table 5: Comparison between single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes Table 6: Properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes Table 7: Comparative properties of carbon materials Table 8: Competitive analysis of SWNTs and graphene by application area and potential impact by Table 9: SWNT synthesis methods Table 10: Single-walled carbon nanotubes market structure Table 11: SWNT producer s production capacities Table 12: Example SWNT prices Table 13: Markets, benefits and applications of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Table 14: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in adhesives Table 15: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in adhesives Table 16: Market size for SWNTs in adhesives Table 17: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in supercapacitors Table 18: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the adhesives market... 71

9 Table 19: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in aerospace Table 20: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in aerospace Table 21: Market size for SWNTs in aerospace Table 22: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in aerospace Table 23: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the aerospace market Table 24: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in automotive Table 25: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in automotive Table 26: Market size for SWNTs in automotive Table 27: Applications and commercialization challenges for SWNTs in the automotive market.. 84 Table 28: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the automotive market Table 29: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in the life sciences and medical market Table 30: SWNTs in the life sciences and medical market Table 31: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in life sciences and medical Table 32: Market size for SWNTs in life sciences and medical Table 33: Potential addressable market for smart textiles and wearables in medical and healthcare Table 34: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in life sciences and medical Table 35: Applications and commercialization challenges for SWNTs in life sciences and medical. 93 Table 36: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the life sciences and medical Table 37: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in composites Table 38: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in composites... 98

10 Table 39: Market size for SWNTs in composites Table 40: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in composites Table 41: Applications and commercialization challenges for SWNTs in composites Table 42: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the composites market Table 43: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in flexible electronics and conductive films Table 44: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in flexible electronics and conductive films Table 45: Market size for SWNTs in flexible electronics and conductive films Table 46: Global market for wearables, , units and US$ Table 47: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in flexible electronics and conductive films Table 48: Applications and commercialization challenges for SWNTs in flexible electronics and conductive films Table 49: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the flexible electronics and conductive films market Table 50: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in transistors, integrated circuits and other components Table 51: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in transistors, integrated circuits and other components Table 52: Market size for SWNTs in transistors, integrated circuits and other components Table 53: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in transistors, integrated circuits and other components Table 54: Applications and commercialization challenges for SWNTs in the transistors, integrated circuits and other components market Table 55: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the transistors, integrated circuits and other components market Table 56: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in memory devices Table 57: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in memory devices

11 Table 58: Market size for SWNTs in memory devices Table 59: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in memory devices Table 60: Applications and commercialization challenges for SWNTs in the memory devices market Table 61: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the memory devices market Table 62: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in photonics Table 63: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in photonics Table 64: Market size for SWNTs in photonics Table 65: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the photonics market Table 66: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in batteries Table 67: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in batteries Table 68: Market size for SWNTs in batteries Table 69: Market challenges in SWNT batteries Table 70: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the batteries market Table 71: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in supercapacitors Table 72: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in supercapacitors Table 73: Market size for SWNTs in batteries Table 74: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in supercapacitors Table 75: Market challenges in supercapacitors Table 76: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the supercapacitors market Table 77: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in photovoltaics

12 Table 78: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in photovoltaics Table 79: Market size for SWNTs in photovoltaics Table 80: Market size for SWNTs in photovoltaics Table 81: Market challenges for SWNTs in solar Table 82: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the solar market Table 83: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in fuel cells and hydrogen storage Table 84: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in fuel cells and hydrogen storage Table 85: Electrical conductivity of different catalyst supports compared to carbon nanotubes Table 86: Market size for SWNTs in fuel cells and hydrogen storage Table 87: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in fuel cells and hydrogen storage Table 88: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the fuel cells and hydrogen storage market Table 89: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in filtration Table 90: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in filtration and separation Table 91: Market size for SWNTs in filtration Table 92: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in filtration Table 93: Market challenges for SWNTs in filtration Table 94: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the filtration market Table 95: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in lubricants Table 96: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in lubricants Table 97: Market size for SWNTs in lubricants Table 98: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in lubricants Table 99: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the lubricants market

13 Table 100: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in sensors Table 101: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in sensors Table 102: Market size for SWNTs in sensors Table 103: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in sensors Table 104: Market challenges for SWNTs in sensors Table 105: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the sensors market Table 106: Types of smart textiles Table 107: Smart textile products Table 108: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in smart textiles and apparel Table 109: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in textiles and apparel Table 110: Global market for smart clothing and apparel, , units and revenues (US$). 180 Table 111: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in smart textiles and apparel Table 112: Applications and commercialization challenges for SWNTs in smart textiles and apparel Table 113: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the smart textiles and apparel market Table 114: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in conductive inks Table 115: Comparative properties of conductive inks Table 116: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in conductive inks Table 117: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in conductive inks Table 118: Market challenges for SWNTs in conductive inks Table 119: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the conductive inks market Table 120: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in 3D printing

14 Table 121: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in 3D printing Table 122: Market size for SWNTs in 3D printing Table 123: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in 3D printing Table 124: Market challenges for SWNTs in 3D printing Table 125: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the 3D printing market FIGURES Figure 1: Molecular structures of SWNT and MWNT Figure 2: The SGCNT synthesis method Figure 3: Production capacities for SWNTs in kilograms, Figure 4: Schematic of single-walled carbon nanotube Figure 5: Double-walled carbon nanotube bundle cross-section micrograph and model Figure 6: Schematic representation of carbon nanohorns Figure 7: TEM image of carbon onion Figure 8: Fullerene schematic Figure 9: Schematic of Boron Nitride nanotubes (BNNTs). Alternating B and N atoms are shown in blue and red Figure 10: Graphene can be rolled up into a carbon nanotube, wrapped into a fullerene, and stacked into graphite Figure 11: Schematic representation of methods used for carbon nanotube synthesis (a) Arc discharge (b) Chemical vapor deposition (c) Laser ablation (d) hydrocarbon flames Figure 12: Arc discharge process for CNTs... 53

15 Figure 13: Schematic of thermal-cvd method Figure 14: Schematic of plasma-cvd method Figure 15: CoMoCAT process Figure 16: Schematic for flame synthesis of carbon nanotubes (a) premixed flame (b) counter-flow diffusion flame (c) co-flow diffusion flame (d) inverse diffusion flame Figure 17: Schematic of laser ablation synthesis Figure 18: Demand for single-walled carbon nanotubes, by market, Figure 19: Demand for single-walled carbon nanotubes, by market, Figure 20: Potential addressable market for SWNTs in adhesives, USD Figure 21: Potential addressable market for nanocoatings in aerospace Figure 22: Potential addressable market for SWNTs in aerospace, USD Figure 23: Potential addressable market for nanocoatings in the automotive sector Figure 24: Potential addressable market for SWNTs in automotive, USD Figure 25: Potential addressable market for nanotech-enabled medical smart textiles and wearables Figure 26: Potential addressable market for SWNTs in composites, USD Figure 27: Global touch panel market ($ million), Figure 28: Capacitive touch panel market forecast by layer structure (Ksqm) Figure 29: Global transparent conductive film market forecast (million $) Figure 30: Global transparent conductive film market forecast by materials type, 2015, % Figure 31: Global transparent conductive film market forecast by materials type, 2020, % Figure 32: Global transparent conductive film market forecast by materials type, 2027, % Figure 33: Global market revenues for smart wearable devices , in US$

16 Figure 34: Potential addressable market for SWNTs in flexible electronics and conductive films, USD Figure 35: Emerging logic devices Figure 36: Thin film transistor incorporating CNTs Figure 37: Potential addressable market for SWNTs in transistors, integrated circuits and other components, USD Figure 38: Carbon nanotubes NRAM chip Figure 39: Stretchable CNT memory and logic devices for wearable electronics Figure 40: Schematic of NRAM cell Figure 41: Potential addressable market for SWNTs in batteries, USD Figure 42: Suntech/TCNT nanotube frame module Figure 43: Potential addressable market for SWNTs in sensors, USD Figure 44: Global market revenues for smart clothing and apparel , in US$ Figure 45: Global market revenues for nanotech-enabled smart clothing and apparel , in US$, conservative estimate Figure 46: Global market revenues for nanotech-enabled smart clothing and apparel , in US$, optimistic estimate Figure 47: Global market for conductive inks and pastes in printed electronics, Figure 48: Potential addressable market for SWNTs in conductive inks, USD