Mitglied der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft. Applied bioeconomy: agricultural residues for improved biomass production

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1 Mitglied der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Applied bioeconomy: agricultural residues for improved biomass production Nicolai David Jablonowski Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH - IBG-2: Plant Sciences

2 Research and development on 2.2 square kilometres FZJ research areas: Founded: 11 December 1956 Employees: (total) 482 PhD students 872 visiting scientists IBG-2: Plant Sciences 2/27

3 Energy and Environment How can we transform the energy sector? How can we live and work in a sustainable manner and protect the environment? Efficient power plants Fuel cell and hydrogen research Photovoltaics Fusion Nuclear waste disposal research New storage technologies Climate research Plant research Soil research Biotechnology IBG-2: Plant Sciences 3/27

4 Forschungszentrum Jülich IBG-2: Plant Sciences employees 45 researchers 25 PhD students Bioeconomy Plant phenotyping IBG-2: Plant Sciences 4/27

5 LABEX Germany in Brazil (LABEX-GIB) October 2012 : Contract between EMBRAPA and IBG-2 EMBRAPA representative in Germany at IBG-2: Dr. Paulo Herrmann September 2013: Opening ceremony of LABEX-GIB left: EMBRAPA president Dr. Mauricio Lopes; right: Head of IBG-2 Prof. Dr. Ulrich Schurr More information: Labex Europe - Portal Embrapa IBG-2: Plant Sciences 5/27

6 54 institutes 1200 employees Joint technology platforms One of the largest Bioeconomy institutions in Europe Cooperation with industry: Bayer, RWE, Evonik, Henkel, evocatal, GFP, breeders, Phytowelt and others Associates and partners Brasil India China IBG-2: Plant Sciences 6/27

7 Multidisciplinary and cross-sectorial education - Many sciences are needed Soil Nurients Water Plant Biomass and Performance Food and Nutrition Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals Fuels and Energy Plant Sciences and Genetics Geosciences Ecology Agro Sciences Biotechnology Chemistry Systems Biology Informatics/ Robotics/ Engineering Processing - Engineering Economy, Social Sciences, Political Sciences, Communication and Media IBG-2: Plant Sciences 7/27

8 Design and application of specialized plant growth facilities UV-transparent greenhouse Fully automated growth chambers Field positioning systems robotics and informatics Automation and Integration Quantitative Image Analysis databases, computing and experimental planning tools Plant Information System Environment Data Base IBG-2: Plant Sciences 8/27

9 Experimental approaches Tests at greenhouse and outdoor conditions IBG-2: Plant Sciences 9/27

10 Experimental approaches Application of non-invasive phenotyping technologies to quantify the dynamics of plant growth Study of crop growth dynamics by shoot imaging Study of growth dynamics by remote sensing of plant height IBG-2: Plant Sciences 10/27

11 Experimental approaches Analysis of root system architecture in soil-filled rhizotrons rhizotron and rhizosphere measurements for analyzing responses of root structures to fertilizer applications IBG-2: Plant Sciences 11/27

12 Experimental approaches CCD camera S. Blossfeld, C. Schreiber, G. Liebsch, A. Kuhn, P. Hinsinger (2013) Annals of Botany M. Faget, S. Blossfeld, P. v. Gillhaußen, U. Schurr, V. Temperton (2013) Frontiers in Plant Science S. Blossfeld (2013) Plant and Soil IBG-2: Plant Sciences 12/27

13 Experimental approaches: Miniaturized spectrometer for UAVs IBG-2: Plant Sciences 13/27

14 Plant biomass and residues experiments: Background & scope Main questions: can we maintain a plant-soil-system for a sustainable production of plant biomass, at low energy input conditions using perennial plants, and through reapplication of plant residues (e.g. digestates ) as soil conditioners/fertilizers? Using marginal lands for plant biomass production Using digestates or other biogenic residues to increase soil fertility for improved plant production Scientific goals: Process-understanding and establishment of low-energy, self-sustaining agricultural systems for plant biomass production Prevention from land-use conflicts or food versus fuel controversy IBG-2: Plant Sciences 14/27

15 Background & scope Amount of digestates in Germany 2010: 60 million tons IBG-2: Plant Sciences 15/27

16 Background & scope IBG-2: Plant Sciences 16/27

17 Background & scope IBG-2: Plant Sciences 17/27

18 German-Brazilian collaboration projects: 1.: PURESBio Process understanding and usage of residues for sustainable plant biomass production IBG-2: Plant Sciences 18/27

19 Brazilian partners Institution EMBRAPA, Pesquisadora Sistemas de Produção Sustentáveis Embrapa Clima Temperado/ Embrapa Temperate Agriculture CTBE Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol - CNPEM CTBE/ Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory Federal Institute of Goiás (IFG), Campus Goiânia Federal University of Applied Sciences Rua 75, no. 46, Centro, Goiânia, CEP: , Brazil *Federal University of Goiás UFG, Agronomy Department Campus Samambaia Rodovia Goiânia / Nova Veneza, Km 0 - Caixa Postal 131, CEP , Goiânia, GO, Brazil Barzlian Partner Partner 1: Dr. Rosane Martinazzo rosane.martinazzo@embrapa.br Dr. Carlos Augusto Posser Silveira augusto.posser@embrapa.br Dr. Adilson Luis Bamberg adilson.bamberg@embrapa.br MSc. Ricardo Alexandre Valgas ricardo.valgas@embrapa.br Prof. Sandro Giacomini (Universidade Federal de Santa Maria) - sjgiacomini@smail.ufsm.br Partner 2: Dr. Henrique Coutinho Junqueira Franco henrique.franco@bioetanol.org.br Dr. Camila Caldana camila.caldana@bioetanol.org.br Partner 3: Prof. Dr. Joachim Werner Zang joachim@quimica-industrial.com Prof. Dr. Warde A. da Fonseca-Zang warde@quimica-industrial.com Prof. Dr. Sérgio Botelho de Oliveira dr_botelho@yahoo.com.br *Prof. Dr. Wilson Mozena Leandro wilsonufg@gmail.com IBG-2: Plant Sciences 19/27

20 Aims & scope Evaluating the effects of biogenic residues as fertilizers and soil conditioners with regard to plant performance, biomass yield, soil carbon and soil conditions (e.g. water holding capacity) Considering marginal soils (i.e. unfertile, lowyielding soils) for plant biomass production and simultaneous improvement of these soils via incorporation of biogenic residues Investigating plant-soil interaction in the rhizosphere at various soil and fertility conditions, plant availability of added nutrients Application of phenotyping technologies to investigate the root development at various soil conditions IBG-2: Plant Sciences 20/27

21 Aims & scope Analyses of plant biomass, biogenic residues and soils with regard to nutrient content, nutrient fluctuations and nutrient availability Modeling of water and nutrient dynamics in soils treated with biogenic residues and the respective plant growth Analysis of pesticide behavior in soils treated with residues List of recommendations for residues application adapted to its location IBG-2: Plant Sciences 21/27

22 Aims & scope Realization plan and expected knowledge gain: Sustainable soil usage: Systematic analysis provide important information for the use of biogenic residues, soil fertility and plant growth Process understanding: Analysis of plant-soil interaction may provide important information for biomass yield Cropping optimization: Knowledge-based recommendations for agricultural management Technology development: Phenotyping technology for noninvasive plant analysis and technology for residues applications, transfer of knowledge for sugarcane production Strengthening and developing national and international research collaborations in terms of a sustainable bio-economy IBG-2: Plant Sciences 22/27

23 German-Brazilian collaboration projects: 2.: ASHES Recycling of nutrients from residues of thermochemical processing of bagasse/ straw IBG-2: Plant Sciences 23/27

24 Brazilian partners Institution CNPEM Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials IFG Federal Institute of Goiás Campus Goiânia LANAGRO/MAPA Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário / Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento UFG Universidade Federal de Goiás, Escola de Agronomia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Goiânia, Goiás Kontakt Prof. Dr. Fernando Galembeck fernando.galembeck@lnnano.o rg.br Prof. Dr. Joachim Werner Zang zang@ifg.edu.br Prof. Dr. Warde A. da Fonseca- Zang warde@quimica-industrial.com Luiz Sávio Medeiros Teixeira luiz.savio.teixeira@agricultura. gov.br Wilson Mozena Leandro wilsonufg@gmail.com IBG-2: Plant Sciences 24/27

25 Aims & scope The following challenges have to be tackled and integrated to a sustainable system: balancing matter fluxes and timing of availability of residues Evaluation of mass fluxes of bagasse, resulting ashes, and ashes-based fertilizer quality, and nutrient availability for crops In order to achieve these goals close collaboration of the following disciplines/ expertizes is necessary: Engineering of combustion and gasification processes Analytical chemistry Formulation of nutrients and agri-engineering Screening of uptake efficiency of nutrients in plants Field-testing of selected combinations of application (mode of thermochemical treatment, formulation, Agri-technological application, crop species) IBG-2: Plant Sciences 25/27

26 Aims & scope at IBG-2 within ASHES Modified ashes will be tested to determine the bioavailability of plant nutrients such as phosphorous Sugarcane as one of the target plants will be cultivated and reproduced for the experimental approaches Evaluating the fertilizing potential of pure, non-modified ashes obtained from Brazilian sugar mills in comparison with regular fertilization, applying maize, soy and sugarcane as test plants Investigation of modified ashes/ash based fertilizers at different levels in different substrates Analysis of rhizosphere processes employing rhizotrons and planar optodes Dissemination of results: conference contributions and publications IBG-2: Plant Sciences 26/27

27 Thanks for your attention! Questions and comments are appreciated! IBG-2: Plant Sciences 27/27