12/28/2016. Air. Surface Water. Ground Water. Soil. 1. Calculate agronomic rate. 2. Identify optimal fields. 3. Determine when to apply

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1 Air Ground Surface Nichole Embertson, Ph.D. Management Specialist Whatcom Conservation District Far West Agribusiness Kennewick, WA December 13, 2016 Soil Manure Agronomics & Balance Soil s in grain, forage Air Apply s to Crops Surface Crop Uptake Minimize Losses! Excess s, Sediment, Pathogens Ground Pollutant availability Application, variable uptake and/or conversion Improper application practices Timing, method, rates Weather events Precipitation, over irrigation, flooding, high water table, wind Poor field conditions Soil type, slope, surface cover, saturated, frozen, and/or snow covered ground Application Risk Management (ARM) Right Time 1. Calculate agronomic rate 2. Identify optimal fields Field Risk Maps Right Placement 4 R s Management (NRCS) Right Rate 3. Determine when to apply 4. Assess field conditions Manure Spreading Advisory Application Risk Management (ARM) Worksheet Right Source 5. Apply and monitor fields Seasonal Manure Setbacks 1

2 Runoff Risk Rating (October June) Leaching Risk Rating (June October) Highest Runoff Risk Highest Leaching Risk Precipitation Curve Crop Growth Manure Availability Excess Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Precipitation (inch) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Real time decision making tool Updated automatically daily Current guidance linked to 590 Management & recordkeeping Color coded for easy use & interpretation 2

3 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec /101, ,4 803,4 1 This is a floating date and should be evaluated based on current weather and forecast information. 2 A big gun applicator should NEVER be closer than 40 feet at any time of the year due to drift. 3 Application during November and December is typically not necessary and must be shown to be agronomic before manure is applied. 4 Any manure application made from November-February must have a winter spreading plan in place. Contact your CD planner to add this to your DNMP. What if the MSA and ARM Worksheet say the risk is high, but I still want to apply? If the risk is high, DON T APPLY! Find a low risk field or area to apply to Hold or transfer manure to another lagoon Think about soil leaching potential Higher when rate applied exceeds uptake and water is applied in excess (rain or irrigation) 3

4 Soil tests = do you even need manure? Injection is best in high risk situations Large droplets if using irrigation application Observe the forecast and irrigation rates Watch for conduits to waterways Follow manure setback guidance Test prior to application Compost is still manure Incorporate immediately Don t store piles: On fields in flood plane On a slope to a waterbody On well drained soils Within 100 feet of waterbody Within 250 feet of wells Near neighbors Cover/relay crops reduce: Runoff of sediment Runoff and leaching of nutrients Vegetative stream buffers Filter strips Field boarders Hedgerows Berms Apply based on soil type and season Sandy soils = high leaching potential Clay soils = high runoff potential Silt soils = moderate runoff & leaching Property Sand Silt Clay Infiltration/Drainage High Medium Low Low Permeability (leaching) High Medium Low Runoff Low Medium High Holding Capacity Low Medium High High Storage/Supply Low Medium High High Compaction Low Medium High Manure Application Jan Aug Jan Oct Apr Nov Test irrigation water for N Irrigation water is the same as precipitation Don t over irrigate and push nutrients below root zone WSU Irrigation Scheduler Mobile app weather.wsu.edu/is Weather forecast AgWeatherNet 4

5 Odor VOC, Odor, PM, H2S Nitrous Oxide, Odor Odor, VOC, Ammonia Odor, Methane WORK IN A SYSTEMS APPROACH VOC, Odor, PM Carbon Dioxide, NOx Odor, PM, Nitrous Oxide management is a dynamic process Nitrogen is nitrogen but don t forget about all the other nutrients (P, K), minerals, and OM in manure Avoid applying excess nutrients which can lead to runoff and/or leaching Manure should be tested prior to every application to know levels of nutrients Compare results of soil and manure nutrient tests to calculate how much manure you need Only apply manure when conditions are favorable In hindsight, what would you have done differently last year? What will you do differently this year? Nichole M. Embertson, Ph.D. Management Specialist Whatcom Conservation District O: (360) x 126 E: nmembertson@whatcomcd.org Disclaimer: The reproduction or use of any of the images or content within this document is not allowed without prior approval from the creator. 5