INTRODUCTION. Electronic Transactions. by Koussouris S., Lampathaki F., Askounis D. Electronic Transactions Introduction

Transcription

1 INTRODUCTION Electronic Transactions by Koussouris S., Lampathaki F., Askounis D.

2 Definitions An Electronic Transaction is any kind of transaction which is supported at a very large scale from IT systems etransactions are any form of data transaction via electronic systems etransactions are the core elements/functions behind ebusiness, egovernment, ecommerce, etc. An etransaction is a single or a set of business processes which is/are executed partly or fully electronically In this course, the focus is on ebusiness and egovernance

3 The need for etransactions Exploitation of IT potential is crucial for every Business Organisation (including government) Citizens Automation and Simplification Cost Reduction, Quality and Speed Improvement Personalisation 24/7/365 and everywhere

4 History of etransactions 1/ s Electronic Fund Transfer Systems Secure Private Networks 1980 s ecommunication Electronic Message Exchange EDI Systems Systems

5 History of etransactions 2/ s is Mainstream Video Conferencing and IRC NewsGroups, Forums FTP File Transfer WWW first steps 2000 s WWW goes mainstream Search Engines ebusiness is a Trend ecommerce is here First egovernment functions eparticipation, evoting

6 History of etransactions 3/ s More e-anything than ever!

7 Technical and Bussiness Framework Business Level Strategy, Technics, Models, ecommerce, emarketplaces, ewfms Application Layer epayment, eorder, emarketing, ERPs, Portals Application Technology Level Web Services, Edi, XML, SOA, EFT, REST Infrastructure Level Internet, Extranet, Intranet, VAN s

8 etransaction Categories G2C B 2 B C2C G2G

9 etransactions is not just about B2C or B2B Today, etransactions are present Between Governments and Businesses G2B Between Governments and Citizens G2C Between Governments themselves G2G egovernment

10 B2C Characteristics An alternative selling channel Does not necessarily kill the traditional selling approach Advantages: Easy to Locate Products/Services Lower Costs Service Speed Quality of Service No need for Physical Presence

11 Typical B2C Trends/Examples emarketing/epromotion esupport ecommerce (products/services) epayment emonitoring and etracking eentertainment einformation eticket emoney

12 B2B Characteristics Takes over or supports existing practises Supports Operations such as: First Contact Automation and Conduction of Business Trading eordering einvoicing epayment Virtual Organisation

13 B2B Offerings Businesses that will not adopt B2B methods will shrink. B2B can respond to: Increased Customer Demands Cost Management Issues Globalisation Challenges Supply Chain Bottlenecks Increased Response Times Transparency

14 B2B Success Factors Not every Business is ready to make the jump!! Critical Success Factors: Market Research Consumer Behavioural Pattern Analysis Internal Systems Readiness Efficient and Flexible Personnel Analysis of Competitors Clear Indication of Added Value

15 C2C Characteristics Citizens use IT to sell products/services Examples eauctions eclassifieds eservices

16 Benefits from etransactions Business Consumer Global Presence Plenty of Options Improved Competitiveness Specialised Products and Services Personalised Services Personalised Goods Cost Reduction Lower Prices New Opportunities New Products and Services Supply Chain Minimisation Faster Demand Satisfaction

17 Some Crucial Factors 1/2 Legal Issues that should be addressed Transaction Validity Warranty Code of Conduct Data Security Data Confidentiality Authentication (esignatures,.) Digital Rights Management

18 Some Crucial Factors 2/2 And others, quite important also Systems Interoperability BPR Linguistics Trust and Accreditation.

19 eservices Sophistication Levels

20 Level #1: Information Just Information provision No means to interact in any way Useful for passing important info to the reader Traditional Transaction ways still apply Usefull, as... Less effort to inform users in person Users get most information they need Transaction is traditional, yet quicker but not as usefull after all

21 Level #2: One Way Communication Goes beyond just information provision A one-way communication channel On-Line Forms to send information over Semi-Electronic Communication between parties Useful, as... Requests are pushed electronically to service provider 24/7 Availability to request information Transaction is still traditional, yet quicker than Level#1 but not as useful after all

22 Level #3: Two Way Interaction Bi-directional communication channel Full-Electronic Communication between parties Automated Requests (of any kind) Useful, as... No need to use traditional ways to communication 24/7 Availability to request information Faster Response Rates Transaction is still traditional, yet quicker than Level#2 but not as useful as Level #4

23 Level #4: Transaction Complete Automated Transaction State End-to-End Automated Requests (of any kind) Cluster of Systems allow the overall result Usefull, as... 24/7/365 operation No need for human intervention Everything runs in seconds Ability to wash out a traditional transaction method but not tailored to each person

24 Level #5: Personalised Transaction Complete Automated Transaction State End-to-End Automated Requests (of any kind) Cluster of Systems allow the overall result + Personalisation!! (IoT, Social Awareness Platforms, User Behaviour and Patterns,.)

25 etransaction Benefits Faster Processing and Improved Response Rate Lower Transaction Costs Cost Savings Improved Communication and Information Flow Process Optimisation and Standardisation Get rid of middle-men Global Reach Personalisation Flexible Inventory Improved Customer Support

26 etransaction Risks Risk when thinking a migration to etransactions Absence of estrategy Performance Scalability Availability Security System Deprecation

27 QUESTIONS Dr. Koussouris S. - skous@mail.ntua.gr Dr. Lampathaki F. - flamp@epu.ntua.gr

28 Level #1: Information Level #2: One Way Communication Level #3: Two Way Interaction Level #4: Transaction Level #5: Personalised Transaction