PoA Management for Swine Farms Industry in Thailand

Transcription

1 PoA Management for Swine Farms Industry in Thailand Poon Thiengburanathum, Ph.D.. Energy Research and Development Institute, Chiang Mai University

2 Agenda PoA is What? Background of Our Story Management System Challenges

3 POA IS WHAT?

4 Program of Activity = Tree

5 Programmatic CDM (POA) April 6, of 8

6 BACKGROUND: THAILAND STORY April 6, of 8

7 Swine in Thailand There are 7.15 million swine in Thailand Farm Size No. or pigs No. of Farms Total Pigs head (million) Small >200,000 3 Medium 500-5,000 1, Large >5, Source: Department Livestock Development, 2006

8 Annual number of swine in Thailand (animals) 8

9 Farm s Environment

10 Open-Lagoon: Traditional Approach Impacts Odor Soil/Ground Water Overflow problem CH 4

11 Solutions Small scale > Department of Agricultural Extension (DOAE) Implemented by DOAE since Installed 1,655 fixed dome biogas unit Total digester volume is 75,000 m 3 Government subsidized 45% Medium-Large farms > Chiang Mai University The technology modified from an imported prototype in 1984 Installed 150 plants in medium-large swine farms Channel Digester + UASB, remove 80-90% COD Government subsidized: Phase I ( ) 47%, Phase II ( ) 33% and Phase III ( ) 18% Financial : Energy Conservation Fund, Energy Policy and Planning Office (EPPO), Ministry of Energy

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13 Situations Subsidy from Government is limited and it can lead to non-sustainable situations. CDM Funding can help the farmer However, it can be implemented only High-Income / High-Opportunity People

14 THE MANAGEMENT OF PROGRAMATIC CDM

15 Situations of This Project Single Methodology Single Technology Multi Location Multi Parties

16 Players Analysis Peculiarity Financial Institutes/ Investors Subsidy Researchers /Designers /Engineers Investment/Loan Interests/sale CDM Tax/Social Benefits Subsidy Government Incentive Support information Farmers/ Owners Environmental regulation Government funds

17 Institutional Framework

18 Management Concepts Risk Identification: Where is the Risk come from (e.g. Technology, Finance, and People) Risk Analysis: What is the impacts and probability of the events. Risk Reduction: Risk Reduction Strategies and Plans

19 Risk Reduction Strategies Standardization Enhancing Selecting Process (Categorizing Users) 3 rd Party Verification and Validation Enhance Organization Communication and Problem Solving System Retention Fund Transparent Share Risks among Participants

20 Standardization (Technology) and 3 rd Party Verification and Validation

21 Start 1 Standardize CDM ERDI s agent or Farms sent LOI to ERDI Follow farms selection How liv estock is being managed on the f arms? 2 3 Processes and 4 Conf ined Condition? N Users Y How manure is being managed on the f arms? 5 Selection Open Anaerobic? Y 6 N 7 What is the av erage depth of the pond? 8 Depth of The pond > 1 M N Y 9 Are there methane recov ery/destruction f acility? Methane recov ery? N 10 Add in CDM 11 Y The Farm is not eligible f or CDM 12

22 Risk Identification Class A Low Risk and High Return Class B Medium Risk and High Return Class F High Risk Additionality Issues Understanding/C apacity Issues Financial Issues Process of Selection

23 Farm Selection How livestock is being managed on the farm? Confined Condition Open space How manure is being managed on the farm? Open Anaerobic Pond Discharge to natural /public water way Collected for land application as fertilizer What is the average depth of the pond? > 1m. < 1m. Are there methane recovery/destruction facility? No Yes The Farm is eligible for CDM. The Farm is NOT eligible for CDM.

24 17 parameters to be monitored under small scale CDM projects as follows Parameters Unit 1 Animal in each category alive in the farm: N LT,y head 2 Animal average weight in each category: W site kg 3 No. of days animal is alive in the farm in each category: N da,y day 4 Fraction of manure handled in biogas system: MS% i,y % 5 Amount of Biogas collected: F biogas,y Nm3/y 6 Concentration of CH 4 : W CH4,y % m3/mont 7 Quantity of sludge applied to land:,y h 8 Ensure that sludge is handled aerobically - MWh/yea 9 Electricity generated: EG y,gen r 10 Amount of Biogas sent to electricity generator: FVR G,h m3/y 11 Type of Flare (Open or Close) - 12 Amount of Biogas sent to flare: BG flare,y m3/y 13 Temperature in the exhaust gas of the flare: T flare C 14 Electricity consumed by auxiliary: EG y,auxillairy kwh/year 15 Electricity Import for the system use: EG import kwh/year 16 No. of days the treatment plant was in operation: N dy day 17 Leakage from Biogas unit cover -

25 ENHANCE ORGANIZATION COMMUNICATION AND PROBLEM SOLVING SYSTEM

26 Institutional Framework

27 Keys of Success Be Clean Clean Eligibility / CDM Req. Be Clear Understand the Story Be Communicate to Fill the gap of differentiation and build the Trustful situation Be Commune - One for all and all for one

28 Online Monitoring Diagram

29 5 Parameters to be online monitored under small scale CDM projects Amount of Electricity consumed from PEA (MWh/year) Amount of Electricity consumed:eg y,auxillairy (MWh/year) Electricity generated by Biogas engine:eg y,gen (MWh/year) Amount of Biogas genrated (m3/year) Temperature in the exhaust gas of the flare: T flare (⁰C)

30 Embedded PC

31 CHANLENGES

32 Lessons and Learns Risk Management Perspective is Required Design the Level of Standardization (e.g. qualification process and screening process) Design and Business and Communication System throughout the processes of projects (e.g. registration, validation, verification, etc.) Attitude of Participants is key factor Capacity Building / Balancing between Social Approach and Commercial Approach

33 PoA Management = Story of Growing Trees

34 These Trees can be more than new biz model but our Hope for our next generation

35 Time is Essential Now