Agenda (estimated minutes) Agenda (continued) Project Update. Rutherford County Solid Waste Advisory/ Steering Council

Transcription

1 Agenda (estimated minutes) Rutherford County Solid Waste Advisory/ Steering Council Workshop 2: Technologies and Organization Murfreesboro City Council Chambers 6:00 pm 9:00 pm Welcome and Project Update (15 min) Analysis of Future Needs (15 min) Technology and Management Options (40 min) Defining Scenarios for Evaluation Part I (10 min) Break (10 min) 2 Agenda (continued) Project Update Organizational Possibilities (20 min) Paying for Your System (10 min) Middle Point Landfill Capacity and Closure Date Field Trip to PHG Energy Defining Scenarios for Evaluation Part II (30 min) Next Steps (10 min) Questions, Comments, Answers & Discussion (20 min) Other Possible Field Trips: Huntsville, AL WTE WastAway Proton Power Public Outreach 3 4

2 Middle Point Landfill Field Trip to PHG Energy Republic s 2016 Estimate Items Affecting Capacity TDEC/ Republic 2016 Estimate of Remaining Life form estimated the remaining capacity at 11 years (2027) Publicly stated life may be 8 years (2024) Final Grades (volume) Waste disposal tonnage Historically 3,500 tpd Recently have been taking in more TDEC and Republic are in correspondence to define if capacity and closure date Sludge deliveries may cease before garbage 5 6 Other Possible Field Trips Huntsville Solid Waste to Energy Facility (Huntsville, AL) Facilities/Covanta Huntsville WastAway (Morrison, TN) ANALYSIS OF FUTURE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT NEEDS Proton Power (Lenoir City, TN) 7 8

3 Waste Projection Methodology Waste Projection Assumptions Population of Rutherford County 2015 population is 298, population estimated to be 420,000 Represents a 2.3% compound annual growth rate Project population growth for 20 years (FY2015 FY2035) Calculate the per capita waste disposed for each material Multiply the per capita waste disposed by the following year s population Population of City of Murfreesboro Total waste disposed in FY2015 is 279, population is 126, population estimated to be 228,000 Represents a 3.0% compound annual growth rate 258,000 tons at Middle Point Landfill 21,027 tons at County Class III/IV Landfill Waste disposed per capita does not change Individuals will generate equal amounts of garbage per person 9 10 Rutherford County FY15 Waste and Recycling by Generator Estimated FY15 Rutherford County Material Generated 282,027 tons total Recycling Center Garbage: 36,765 tons, 13% Recycling Center Recycling: 3,000 tons, 1% 282,027 tons total C&D: 21,027 tons, 7% Private Hauler Garbage: 185,732 tons, 66% Murfreesboro Curbside Garbage: 35,503 tons, 13% Organics: 69,157 tons, 25% Garbage: 108,511 tons, 38% C&DD/Brush: 21,027 tons, 7% Single Stream Recycling: 83,331 tons, 30% 11 12

4 500, , , , , , , ,612 Projection of Rutherford County Waste and Recycling 374, ,576 Hill Yard 28% Rutherford County FY15 Garbage and Recycling by Recycling Center (approx. 40k tons) Almaville 7% Bradyville 4% Buchanan 0% Cranor Rd 2% Christiana/Fosterville 1% Eagleville 2% Epps Mill 2% Lascassas 4% 150, ,000 50,000 0 Leanna 4% Rock Springs 2% County Class III/IV Landfill Disposal Recycling Center Recycling Tons (FY2015 estimated) Private Hauler Garbage Tons Garbage Tons (Murfreesboro only) Recycling Center Garbage Tons County Population Weakley 17% Walter Hill 6% Sand Hill 10% Rockvale 3% Rock Crusher 7% Map of Recycling Centers LaVergne Smyrna Murfreesboro Eagleville PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF IDENTIFIED TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OPTIONS 15 16

5 Option No Change Source Reduction Collection System Landfill Transfer Station Diversion/Processing Energy Advanced Conversion Summary of Current Options Overview Direct Haul/Go It Alone Education, bans, financial penalties Residential Commercial Recycling centers Expand Middle Point* New facility in County Out of County New facility in County MRF AD/Composting MWP WTE Gasification Pyrolysis Policy Policy Drives Programs which are Powered by Technology Flow Control Mandatory Curbside Collection Franchising Programming Recycling Education/Outreach HHW/HCW Technology Landfill Gas Fuel preparation Advanced Conversion Technology U.S. Waste Management Infrastructure Technology Number Transfer Stations 3,350 Material Recovery Facilities (MRF) 586 Curbside Recycling Programs 9,000+ Mixed Waste Processing Facilities & Hybrid MRFs 70* Composting 2,300 Anaerobic Digestion 21 WTE 77 Landfills 1,908 NO CHANGE/DIRECT HAUL *Excludes facilities that solely produce RDF GBB

6 Materials Management Facilities within 20 miles of Rutherford County SOURCE REDUCTION SOURCE REDUCTION SOURCE REDUCTION Description Education Material bans (e.g. plastic bags) Financial penalties Grasscycling Backyard composting Typical Cost First years: $2 4 per household per year After 3 rd year: $1 2 per household per year Impact on Diversion 2 3% Implementation Education is key Desire for legislative action is unknown Risks Can be challenges for legislation Backyard programs are easier 23 24

7 Example: Source Reduction Portland, OR Portland Population: Approx. 600,000 Area: 146 sq. mi Part of Metro Regional Government Statewide Bottle Bill City Plastic bag ban Residential messaging: o Waste wise holidays o Stop junk mail o Opt out of phone books o Back to school tips o Backyard composting o Grasscycling COLLECTION OPTIONS living/garbage and recycling/reduce waste home COLLECTION COLLECTION Description Residential Curbside collection PAYT (variable rates) Commercial Recycling mandates Recycling Centers Bulky items Typical Cost Residential: $15 40 per household per month Commercial: varies Centers: varies Recycling Improvement Residential: 20 30% Commercial:25 35% Centers: 3 5% Implementation 1 2 years to implement Coordinated effort is best Evaluate best mechanism for working with haulers Risks Possible negative reaction from private haulers May be too expensive 27 28

8 Curbside Collection Options Example: Collection Austin, TX Roll carts for solid waste, recycling and compost, with additional motor oil and batteries set out Sonoma County, CA Curbside single stream PAYT Recycle & Reuse Drop Off Center Bulk Collection Kraft bags for yard waste Montgomery County, MD Compost roll cart with indoor food waste pail Austin, TX Population: Approx. 900,000 Area: 272 sq. mi 29 do i do 30 LANDFILLS LANDFILL OPTIONS Description EPA Subtitle D Landfill Lined Leachate and landfill gas collection and control Burial of waste under soil cover Typical Cost $15 30/ton Note: cost of landfilling is different than market pricing, which will go as high as it can relative to closest alternatives. Recycling Improvement N/A 31 32

9 LANDFILLS Example: Keystone Sanitary Landfill Expansion, Scranton, PA Implementation Expand Middle Point (combining County and Middle Point)* New in County Landfill Out of County Landfill Risks Local Public Concerns Not in my backyard (NIMBY) TDEC Approval Finding a site (if new landfill in County) Source: The Times Tribune, August Regional Office/Community%20Information/Pages/Keystone%20Landfill%20Expansion.aspx Name Owner Remaining Life (Years) Driving Distance Gate Rate and/or Contract Rate if it can (Mi) (Truck Route) be determined BFI Middle Point Landfill BFI Waste Systems of Tennessee, Inc. (Republic Services) $19.50 Cedar Ridge Landfill, Inc. Cedar Ridge Landfill, Inc $31.68; $24.50 Dekalb County Landfill DeKalb County Government $35/ton residential, $40/ton commercial White County Landfill White County Government $41.25/ton Smith County Landfill Smith County Government $33/ton household; $33/ton demolition; no charge for residents Bi County Balefill Bi County Solid Waste Management System $32/ton; $20/ton West Camden Sanitary Landfill Waste Management, Inc. of Tennessee $32/ton Decatur Landfill Decatur County $32/ton out of county Upper Cumberland Landfill Cornell Smith (dba/upper Cumberland Solid Waste Management, Inc.) N/A City Of Chattanooga Landfill City of Chattanooga $30.50/ton and $24.40 minimum Rhea County Class I Landfill Rhea County Government $36.50/ton residential; $38.25 commercial Pickett County Landfill Pickett County Government Glasgow Regional Landfill City of Glasgow $26/ton (9.00 minimum per load) Residential; Contracted Rate $25/ton Morris Farm Sanitary Landfill BFI Waste Systems of Alabama, LLC N/A 35 Huntsville Landfill Solid Waste Disposal Authority of the City of Huntsville $39.90/Ton MSW; $26.50 C&D/Yard Waste City of Decatur Morgan County Sanitary Landfill City of Decatur N/A 127 $26/ton; $100/ton tires Scottsboro Landfill Solid Waste Disposal Authority of the City of Scottsboro N/A 97.4 $38.45/ton residential; $29.64/ton 36 C&D Sand Valley Landfill GEK Inc. (Republic Services) N/A 141 N/A

10 TRANSFER STATION TRANSFER STATION OPTIONS Description Enclosed building for transferring waste from collection vehicles to larger trailers Reduces hauling distances and truck wear/tear Likely in County Typical Cost $50 70/ton $15 25/ton cap/operation $15 25/ton transportation $20/ton disposal Recycling Improvement Could pre sort bulky waste and recycling 3 5% TRANSFER STATION Example: Transfer Station Lee County, FL Implementation Could be at existing County C&D Landfill site Requires coordinated effort to balance costs Risks Need to have enough flow Takes typically 2+ years to develop Buckingham Campus Transfer Lee County, FL Recycling load

11 Steam MSW Organics Mixed Waste Processing Refuse Processed Fuel Energy Recovery Power Biofuel DIVERSION PROCESSING Food Scraps Materials For Recycling WWTP Composting Organics Anaerobic Digestion Residue Oil Refineries Dedicated RE Boilers Paper Mills Landfill Biogas Soil Amendment Residue Trucks and/or gas grid Landfill DIVERSION PROCESSING DIVERSION PROCESSING Description Typical Cost Recycling Improvement MRF AD/Composting Mixed Waste Processing Refuse Derived Fuels Mechanical Biological Treatment MRF $75 100/ton Composting $25 30/ton AD $45 65/ton MWP $45 65/ton MRF 10 15% Composting/AD 15 20% MWP 40 60% Implementation Requires coordinated effort to balance costs Risks Need to have enough flow Takes typically 1 3 years 43 44

12 Typical MRF Equipment Typical MRF Equipment Ballistic Separator Optical sorting Heavy Light Air Separator Organics Management AD Feedstocks MSW Organics Mixed Waste Processing Organics Refuse Processed Fuel Energy Recovery Residue Steam Power Biofuel Landfill Grocers Sources for Organic Materials Restaurants and Cafeterias Urban Farms Food Processing Industries Curbside Collections Food Scraps WWTP Composting Anaerobic Digestion Oil Refineries Dedicated RE Boilers Paper Mills Biogas Soil Amendment Residue Landfill Trucks and/or gas grid Source: Getty Images Source: Seattle Public Utilities 47 48

13 Mixed Waste Processing Steam Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT) MSW Organics Food Scraps Materials For Recycling WWTP Mixed Waste Processing Composting Organics Soil Amendment Refuse Processed Fuel Anaerobic Digestion Residue Energy Recovery Oil Refineries Dedicated RE Boilers Paper Mills Biogas Residue Power Biofuel Landfill Trucks and/or gas grid MSW source Source Separated Recyclables Source Separated Organics Mixed MSW Mechanical Biological Treatment Plant (MBT) Mechanical (grinding, screening, recyclables separation, palletizing) Biological (bio drying, aerobic composting, anaerobic digestion) Over 330 MBT facilities in operation throughout Europe Products: Recyclables Compost Biogas/ Electricity RDF/EF Landfill Example: MBT Berkeley County, WV Uses High Efficiency Mechanical Biological Treatment (HEBioT) Process Front end sorting of MSW to remove high value recyclables Remaining material is processed by mixed waste composting to create Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF) TRADITIONAL WTE SRF marketed to cement kilns valued at ~$30/ton EPA approved alternative to coal to reduce emissions

14 Waste to Energy TRADITIONAL WTE MSW Organics Food Scraps Materials For Recycling WWTP Mixed Waste Processing Composting Organics Refuse Processed Fuel Anaerobic Digestion Energy Recovery Residue Oil Refineries Dedicated RE Boilers Paper Mills Steam Power Biofuel Landfill Description Combustion/mass burn Products: steam, power, hot water, and/or chilled water; also metals, aggregates, and ADC Processes MSW, biosolids, special wastes Typical Cost $90 150/ton (before electricity revenues) Recycling Improvement Recovered metals on the backend Biogas Soil Amendment Residue Trucks and/or gas grid Landfill Implementation It works! Well demonstrated Financeable Advanced emissions controls TRADITIONAL WTE Risks Political will Perceived to be polluting Perceived to compete with recycling Electricity prices low Expensive Trends Pre processing for fuel preparation and recycling Ash processing for recycling Example: WTE Solid Waste Authority of Palm Beach County, FL Source: SWA of Palm Beach County 3,000 TPD Mass Burn facility (1,040,000 TPY) Babcock & Wilcox 130 MW renewable power; enough for over 86,000 houses $668 million construction price $20.5 million first year O&M cost Advanced emissions controls, ferrous and non ferrous metals recovery

15 Example: WTE Durham York Energy Centre Ontario, Canada Operated by Covanta 140,000 tonnes of garbage/year Thermal mass burn with Martin GmbH stoker grate combustion technology Advanced air pollution controls and monitoring Net electrical energy generation of approximately 14 MW Recovery of ferrous and non ferrous metals Zero wastewater discharge ADVANCED CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES ADVANCED CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES ADVANCED CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES Description Typical Cost Recycling Improvement Implementation Risks Gasification: converts carbonaceous materials into carbon monoxide, hydrogen and carbon dioxide, no combustion Pyrolysis: plastics to oil, no oxygen???????? (not enough commercial data) Can take additional materials (waste plastics, etc.) compared to WTE Can produce multiple products Reduced air emissions Perceived more compatible with recycling Political will Perceived to be polluting Gasification not demonstrated commercially in US with MSW 59 60

16 Example: Advanced Conversion Enerkem Waste to Biofuels Facility, Alberta, CA Conversion Technologies have Different Risk Profiles 330 TPD refuse derived fuel 10 million gallons/year of ethanol Produces cellulosic methanol, ethanol (planned for 2017), syngas, and chemical intermediates Edmonton Waste Management Centre: Refuse Derived Fuel Facility Enerkem Waste to Biofuels Facility Advanced Energy Research Facility Source: SWANA Northern Lights 2013, Bud Latta, Processing and Disposal Waste Management Services, City of Edmonton Alternative Risks/Liability Risk Summary Processing for Recyclables and Fuel Proven commercial technology Low Composting Proven commercial technology Low Mass Burn Combustion Proven commercial technology Low RDF Combustion Proven technology; limited U.S. commercial experience Moderate to Low Anaerobic Digestion Proven technology; limited U.S. commercial experience Moderate to Low Pyrolysis and Gasification Previous failures at scale; no operating experience with large scale operations in the U.S.; full scale demonstrations nearing operation Source: Gershman, Brickner & Bratton, Inc High alberta biofuels/ Summary of Current Options Option Overview Cost/Impact Ranking No Change Direct Haul/Go It Alone Source Reduction Direct messaging $ Collection System Residential $$ Commercial Community partners Landfill Expand Middle Point New facility in county $$ Transfer Station Diversion Processing New facility out of county Expand Middle Point New facility in county MRF AD/Composting MWP $$$ $$$ Energy WTE $$$$ DEFINING SCENARIOS FOR EVALUATION (PART 1) Advanced Energy Gasification Pyrolysis $$$$ 63 64

17 Exercise BREAK (10 MIN) Options ORGANIZATIONAL POSSIBILITIES No Action/Go it Alone Murfreesboro Rutherford County Authority Rutherford County Management Regional Authority 67 68

18 No Action / Go it Alone Rutherford County Management Description County, municipalities and private carters manage own waste collected Solid waste direct hauled to nearest and/or negotiated facilities Description County takes primary responsibility for solid waste management planning, implementation, and reporting Municipalities may have inter local agreements to participate in County system Could include public private partnerships Benefits Low level of investment Benefits Local control No inter governmental agreements needed Some economy of scale Negotiated pricing Challenges Less efficient No economy of scale Retail pricing Challenges Additional County staff needed (2 3 people) Inter governmental agreements needed Change from current practice May limit the technology options Example: Lee County, FL Example: Lee County, FL Services Tonnages Board/Staff Population: Approx. 700,000 Area: 1,212 sq. mi 6 municipalities(cities, towns, village) Unincorporated areas WTE Landfill Collection (unincorporated) HCW MRF C&D Processing Composting Tire Recycling MSW 542k tpy Hort (yard waste) 119k tpy C&D 88k tpy Recycling 86k tpy Sludge 64k tpy 5 elected County Commissioners 102 full time employees 17 temporary laborers 71 72

19 Example: Lee County, FL Budget Operating $76 million Annual debt service $9.1 million Revenues Tipping Fees ($38/ton) Assessments ($196/yr average) Franchise Fees ($1.8 million) Sales of recyclables Description Benefits Challenges Murfreesboro Rutherford County Authority Independent solid waste authority Could include other municipalities (Smyrna, Eagleville, LaVergne) Created pursuant to TN Solid Waste Authority Act of 1991 (Title 68, Chapter 211, Part 9) Operates independently of elected officials (somewhat outside of politics) Independent revenue, debt and expenses Provides services on behalf of its member communities Some economy of scale and negotiated pricing Administration needed (3 4 people) Offices needed (could co locate within County and/or municipal offices) Possible perception of new fees or taxes Example: Pollution Control Financing Authority of Warren County, NJ Example: Pollution Control Financing Authority of Warren County, NJ Services Tonnages Board/Staff Landfill WTE partner Convenience Center Recycling Markets MSW (WTE) 200k tpy Ash, Bulky (Landfill) 100k tpy 5 Board members appointed by County 11 staff Population: Approx. 109,000 Area: 363 sq. mi 22 municipalities(cities, towns, townships) No unincorporated areas 75 76

20 Example: Pollution Control Financing Authority of Warren County, NJ Description Regional Authority Independent solid waste authority Could include other counties municipalities Budget Revenues Created pursuant to TN Solid Waste Authority Act of 1991 (Title 68, Chapter 211, Part 9) Operating $7.3 million Capital $1.3 million Tipping Fees ($40 $96/ton) Grants Sales of recyclables Benefits Challenges Operates independently of elected officials (somewhat outside of politics) Independent revenue, debt and expenses Provides services on behalf of its member communities Economy of scale and negotiated pricing Administration needed (3 4 + people) Offices needed (could co locate within County and/or municipal offices) Possible perception of new fees or taxes Middle Tennessee Solid Waste Crunch Middle Tennessee is going through a growing pain beyond Rutherford County and Murfreesboro Bi County Solid Waste Board, which is comprised of Montgomery and Stewart Counties northwest of Nashville along the Kentucky border They have stopped accepting waste from City of Franklin They may or may not have a landfill crisis Franklin County is part of the Interlocal Solid Waste Authority with Lincoln, Moore, & Bedford Counties and City of Tullahoma Their 5 year SW plan says they are interested in waste to energy because they currently haul from a TS to Middle Point which is closing. Middle Tennessee Solid Waste Crunch Location, Location, Location The northern border with Kentucky to the southern borders with Alabama and Georgia is about 150 road miles Almost any place in Middle Tennessee is within longhauling distance of almost any other place within it Nashville Metro wants Zero Waste to Landfill within 30 years In 2015, just over 1 million tons of waste was generated in Davidson County and sent to MSW or C&D landfills. Solid waste managers looking at options Counties are courting WTE in the northern part of Middle Tennessee Rutherford Co. and Murfreesboro would be midway between that theoretical site and the WTE in Huntsville Two WTE plants 160 miles apart might be anchors for making all of the Middle Tennessee Grand Division Zero Waste to Landfill

21 Example: Three Rivers Solid Waste Management Authority, SC Example: Three Rivers Solid Waste Management Authority, SC Services Tonnages Board/Staff Planning Landfill Transfer Stations (County Responsible) (6) Waste Tires White Goods 255,000 tons 9 Board Directors 25 staff Population: Approx. 374,000 Area: 5,329 sq. mi 9 counties Source: Waste360; Rutherford County Solid Waste Example: Three Rivers Solid Waste Management Authority, SC Budget $7.5 operating million Revenues Tipping Fees $22/ton Landfill Gas to Electricity Sales PAYING FOR YOUR SYSTEM Source: Waste360; Rutherford County Solid Waste 83 84

22 Revenue Objectives Options General Fund (Taxes) Tipping Fees System Benefit Charges / Assessments Revenues should cover the costs of the system Revenues should include reliable sources that do not depend entirely on the amount of material disposed Revenues should equitably distribute costs among residents and businesses Fees must be affordable Sales of Commodities or Energy Host Community Fees License Fees Franchise Fees Impact Fees Options Options General Fund (Taxes) Broad distribution of system costs Does not depend on the amount of waste generated Host Community Fees Private or publicly owned waste facility payments to community (similar to current fees) Tipping Fees Gate fees (no contract) Contract based fees (may depend on waste quantity and credit worthiness License Fees Fees charged to license private haulers to provide waste collection services in the County May be different by waste type System Benefit Charges / Assessments Residential fee based on dwelling type (sing family, multi family) Commercial fee based on business type (NAICS code) and size (sq. footage) Fee based on incorporated or unincorporated areas (depending on service) Franchise Fees If decision to franchise collection in the County, a fee the selected franchise hauler pays (typically a % of gross revenue 5 to 20%) for the right to provide collection services Sales of Commodities or Energy Recyclables Compost/Biogas Refuse derived fuel (RDF) Electricity Impact Fees Fee based on new construction (square footage or cubic yards of C&D debris generated) Fee charged when Certificate of Occupancy is issued 87 88

23 DEFINING SCENARIOS FOR EVALUATION (PART 2) Discussion and Deliberation on Potential System Scenarios Laying the Foundation of a Successful Project NEXT STEPS Develop and articulate an integrated strategy Develop internal economic and risk profile Knowledgeable and trustworthy advisor Clearly define project objectives and opportunities Clearly define roles and responsibilities 91 92

24 Overview of the Planning Process Workshops Workshop 1 Workshop 2 Workshop 3 Workshops Public Involvement Process Media Outreach Community Outreach Public Meetings Develop draft Strategic Plan Review Process Finalize Plan Planning Document Implementation Execute Chosen Scenario Workshop 2: Workshop 3: Options for organization of a countywide or regional authority Detailed analysis of future recycling and solid waste management needs Determine technology and management options Determine scenarios for analysis in Strategic Plan Finalize content/toc for Strategic Plan Proposed Schedule Workshop #1 December 2016 Workshop #2 February 2017 Workshop #3 April 2017 Dec 2017 Feb Mar Apr May First Draft of Plan May 2017 Review Draft of Plan June 2017 Final Plan August 2017 June July August September QUESTIONS, COMMENTS, ANSWERS & DISCUSSION Today 12/12/2016 Workshops April 2017 January 2017 Public Outreach May 2017 May 2017 Development of Strategic Plan August