Processing Options to Achieve Florida s 75% Recycling Target Recycle Florida Today

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1 Processing Options to Achieve Florida s 75% Recycling Target Recycle Florida Today Mike Muffels, M. Sc., P.Eng Alice Varkey, P.Eng. June 9, 2015 Overview Background Waste Composition in Florida Recycling Credits Overview of Technologies Considerations Summary Questions & Answers 1

2 Waste Options for Handling Waste Disposal at Landfill Thermal Technologies Recycling Mechanical Biological Treatment Source Separated Organics Processing Composting Anaerobic Digestion (AD) Recycling Target for Florida Florida DEP s 75% Recycling Goal In 2008, Florida established a new statewide recycling goal of 75% to be achieved by the year 2020 Targets municipal solid waste including wastes from residential, commercial, and institutional sectors Statewide recycling rate currently 49% (2013) Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, and Recover 2

3 Why Recycle Waste? Environmental Impact reducing methane, greenhouse gas (GHG) Landfill Management increasing in the capacity/life of existing landfills Bioenergy converting waste to electricity or compressed natural gas Soil Amendment converting organics to compost; organic matter back to soil Sustainability Source: DEP Solid Waste Management in Florida 2013 Annual Report 3

4 Source: DEP Solid Waste Management in Florida 2013 Annual Report Source: DEP Solid Waste Management in Florida 2013 Annual Report 4

5 Recycling Credits Recycling Credits from Renewable Energy are 22% of current recycling rate 5

6 Waste-to-Energy (WTE) Credits 1 MWh = 1 or 1.25 tons recycled 2013: 11 WTE 2,952,049 MWh 8.3 million tons to divert from 15 million >2 tons MSW = 1 ton recycling credit WTE not a silver bullet WTE max. half of remaining credits Opportunity: can be used for difficult to recycle materials high calorific residues e.g. Misc. = 9.2% of MSW; 14% recycled - Or 3-4% of total diversion rate Landfill Gas (LFG) Credits 2013: 335,764 MWh from LFG Operational LFG: 880,000 MWh ~40% of credits claimed Planned & Constructing: 100,000 MWh With collection systems: 880,000 MWh Landfills with potential: 980,000 MWh Opportunity: Credits from historical waste Are all LFG credits being claimed? At 40% uptake, additional 750,000 MWh Or 3% of total diversion rate Source: EPA Landfill Methane Outreach Program Data 6

7 Source: DEP Solid Waste Management in Florida 2013 Annual Report Material Recovery Facility Clean MRF Dual stream or single stream Dirty MRF Garbage, a.k.a. MBT (next slide) Combination of manual and automatic sorting lines to recover recyclables for re-use end markets Cleaner streams = increased recovery rates Less source separation = higher participation Municipalities have had success when garbage is less convenient than recycling (3 bin, garbage biweekly) 7

8 Mechanical Biological Treatment - SBI Omrin, the Netherlands Facility Description 250,000 tons/year MSW Wet pre-processing with energy production Full dry and wet MRF Lessons Learned MSW can be biologically processed Possible solution for non SSO systems How can organics be utilized? 60-75% Diversion - Depending on use of sand and coarse inerts Footer text here 8

9 Mechanical Heat Treatment - Autoclave Waste sterilized with steam at high temp. and at pressure for 45 min. Fibrous disintegrates Plastics soften Glass/metal cleaned Applied in Europe How can organics be used? Source: DEP Solid Waste Management in Florida 2013 Annual Report 9

10 SSO Composting City of Guelph Facility Description Completed in ,000 tons source-separated organics (SSO)/year processing capacity 4 Phase 1 and 3 Phase 2 compost tunnels Maturation hall Biofilter odor treatment & stack SSO Anaerobic Digestion City of Toronto Disco Road Facility Description 82,000 tons/year SSO 150,000 tons/year generated by City City-owned, privately operated Constructed on a landfill 75% of SSO diverted 10

11 Waste-to-Biofuel Enerkem Alberta Biofuels Budget What Factors should be Considered? Recycling increase per dollar spent Volume and composition of waste Existing processing options and capacity Material collection: access, storage Suitability and reliability of new technology options 11

12 Financial Considerations Capital Costs Operating Costs Recovering Costs Grants Public-Private-Partnerships (PPP) Potential sale of compost material generated Potential sale of biogas or liquid fuel generated Electricity/Thermal Compressed Natural Gas Questions/Contacts Pensacola Mike Muffels Tampa Altamonte Springs West Palm Beach Fort Myers Phone: (519) Alice Varkey Phone: (813)