ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA TEAM UOW S AWARD WINNING SUSTAINABLE ECO-HOUSE, THE ILLAWARRA FLAME

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1 ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA TEAM UOW S AWARD WINNING SUSTAINABLE ECO-HOUSE, THE ILLAWARRA FLAME Presentation By: Scott Redwood (Design, Construction & WHS Manager) Massimo Fiorentini (Mechanical & Electrical Team Leader)

2 PRESENTATION OVERVIEW Snap Shot: Solar Decathlon & SDChina The Journey: Illawarra Flame House Post SD for Scott: Progenia Building Services: Massimo

3 SOLAR DECATHLON CHINA

WHAT IS THE SOLAR DECATHLON? Started by the US Department of Energy in 2002.

4 WHAT IS THE SOLAR DECATHLON? Started by the US Department of Energy in World Class International Competition: Requires eligible Universities to design and construct Net-Zero Energy Homes Homes judged on 10 different criteria. Conducted every bi-year The Solar Decathlon started in Europe in 2010, and China in DESIGN BUILD OPERATE

6 SOLAR DECATHLON CHINA Three firsts: First Australian entrant First Retrofit First SD in China All Team Photo: Datong, China

7 THE JOURNEY: ILLAWARRA FLAME HOUSE

8 THE PREMISE Why Retrofit?

9 Premise: The Illawarra Flame Our Aim: Recycle & Upcycle Net-Zero Energy Aging in Place Beautiful & Comfortable TO WIN

10 TIMELINE From Concept to China Illawarra Flame Timeline Concept Design Detailed Design (80%) Detailed Design (100%) Initial Construction Trail Construction China Construction China Construction Trail Construction Initial Construction Detailed Design (100%) Detailed Design (80%) Concept Design Start 19-Jul Apr Dec Sep May Feb-12 # of Days Finish 31-Jul Apr Mar Jan Sep May-12

11 THE ILLAWARRA FLAME HOUSE Concept Design Academics Expert Advisors Students Competition Criteria Innovation Project Aim

12 THE ILLAWARRA FLAME HOUSE Detailed Design Architectural Details Modular/Construction Design Services Design Structural Engineering Shop Drawings Sponsorship 150 Drawings 600 pg. Project Manual

13 Structural Design We must understand how to dismantle before we construct!

14 THE ILLAWARRA FLAME HOUSE Construction The Goal: Initial Construction (3.5 Months) Trial Assembly: ic Rehersal (4 days) China Assembly: Competition Time (12 Days erected in 3days) Keep the Final Goal in Mind: Managed by Design

15 Initial Construction: TAFE (Wollongong Campus) 3.5 Months Student Labour TAFE Equipment TAFE Support

16 Trial Assembly: ic Rehearsal (Disassembly 3 Days)

17 Trial Assembly: ic Rehearsal (5 days plagued by rain)

18 Trial Assembly: ic Rehearsal

19 Competition Time: China Assembly Construction: China

20 China Assembly: Competition Time (12 days) Challenges: Site Conditions Chinese SD Site Logistics Chinese Cranes Site Access/Small Site Skill Levels WHS

21 Construction Challenges

22 China: Competition Time

23 SAFETY Key Facts! 65 Students (35 in China) 10 Staff 10 Tradesmen 3 Builds 3 Deconstructions Site Inductions (WHS Management Plan & SWMS) 60 General Inductions (white cards) 15 Working at Heights (by BOC) 1,500 visitors to the ic rehearsal 35,000 visitors in China Zero injuries

24 POST SD FOR SCOTT: PROGENIA

SCOTT REDWOOD: PROGENIA Post Solar Decathlon Finishing Masters by Research: Project Management for Sustainable Homes - Management Process, delivery sustainable objectives Lessons Learnt D&C Context,

25 SCOTT REDWOOD: PROGENIA Post Solar Decathlon Finishing Masters by Research: Project Management for Sustainable Homes - Management Process, delivery sustainable objectives Lessons Learnt D&C Context, Sustainable Design Integration New Business Start-up: Progenia - Integrated Building Design: Sustainable Design (New & Retrofit), Structural Design & Documentation. - Project Management: Feasibility Study, Council Approvals, Contract Management, Cost Planning & Construction Management. Progenia.com.au

26 SCOTT REDWOOD: PROGENIA Progenia: Work to Date

27 ILLAWARRA FLAME SERVICES & INNOVATIVE FEATURES MASSIMO FIORENTINI

28 Sustainable Buildings Research Centre SBRC Aim: Improve the performance of our new and existing building stock, with multidisciplinary research.

29 What we do: Research and collaborate with industry for the development of new technologies Teaching and training - Coursework - Continuing Education Demonstration and inspiration - Living Lab Program - Solar Decathlon

Why SBRC has been inspiring for the Illawarra Flame: Features: Net Zero Energy and water Hybrid Mixed Mode Ventilation Ground Source Heat Pumps First 6 Star building in the Illawarra

30 Why SBRC has been inspiring for the Illawarra Flame: Features: Net Zero Energy and water Hybrid Mixed Mode Ventilation Ground Source Heat Pumps First 6 Star building in the Illawarra First Australian Building to be certified with the International Living Building Challenge Program Advanced Building Management System Internal Green Wall Low Impact IT Plug & Play Micro-Grid

31 Summary Electrical Water Mechanical (Solar Assisted HVAC) Automation

32 INTRODUCTION TO SD COMPETITION

33 ELECTRICAL

34 ELECTRICAL Electrical Generation 2 types of photovoltaic solar panels, divided in 4 arrays 5kW installed capacity of Polycristalline solar panels on a 5 kw MPPT inverter. 4.4kW installed capacity of CIGS solar panels on a 5 kw MPPT inverter. (PVT)

35 ELECTRICAL Electrical Distribution Electrical distribution (single-phase) is divided in 12 sub-circuits. The power consumption of each sub-circuit is measured by the building management system. The house features a non priority line, controlled by a contactor

36 ELECTRICAL Lighting The lighting system is divided into 16 different dimmable lighting groups and 8 non-dimmable lighting groups individually controlled. Lights status and level can be controlled manually or by occupancy and light level sensors Energy Efficient LED lights

37 WATER

38 WATER Grey-water treatment Grey water represents approximately 60% of the waste water outflow from a home. A specially constructed reedbed and slow sand filter to treat the home s water has been is part of the plumbing system. This water can then be safely re-used for the irrigation requirements of the Illawarra Flame. Rainwater is harvested and brought to a 2.4m3 rainwater tank

39 WATER Hot Water Hot water is supplied via a 30 tube evacuated-tube solar hot water system with an electric coil backup boost to the 315 litre hot water storage tank.

40 MECHANICAL (SOLAR ASSISTED HVAC SYSTEM)

41 MECHANICAL Main Features: Ducted air distribution system Photovoltaic-Thermal system Phase Change Material Thermal Energy storage Reverse cycle heat pump

42 PVT AND PCM Schematic for daytime generation Schematic for night time generation

43 PVT AND PCM PVT SYSTEM REPRESENTATION ILLAWARRA FLAME HOUSE DATONG 2013 BLUESCOPE LYSAGHT TRIMDEK

44 PVT AND PCM For optimization it is necessary to develop: Thermal Model Mechanical Model (Fan Consumption) THERMAL NETWORK MODEL Electrical Model (Generation function of panels temperature)

45 PVT AND PCM THERMAL MODEL VALIDATION Temperature [ C] Radiation [W/m 2 ] - Airflow rate [L/s] Time [mins] 0 Tambient [degc] Tpvt_Model [degc] Tpvt_Measured [degc] Ghr [W/m2] Vflow [L/s]

46 PVT AND PCM ELECTRICAL MODEL VALIDATION PV Generation, Model, South side PV Generation, Model, North side PV Generation, Model, Total PV Generation, Measured 2500 Power [W] Time [min]

PVT AND PCM There is generally a significant offset between the thermal generation and the house demand Thermal energy storage has been included in the design, through the latent heat of Phase Change

47 PVT AND PCM There is generally a significant offset between the thermal generation and the house demand Thermal energy storage has been included in the design, through the latent heat of Phase Change Material (PCM). Melting temperature has been identified at 22 C UA value [W/K] The storage 100 box acts as a heat exchanger PLUS ICE PCM BRICKS Airflow rate [L/s]

48 SOLAR ASSISTED HVAC SYSTEM

49 SOLAR ASSISTED HVAC SYSTEM PCM Charging with PVT Optimization Example 2 Heat Transfer, 750 W/m2 Electrical Power Consumption Increased Electrical Generation W/m2 650 W/m2 750 W/m2 850 W/m2 Power [kw] Cost Function [W] Airflow [L/s] Airflow [L/s] C = P tt + α( P e,ggg P e,cccc )

50 SOLAR ASSISTED HVAC SYSTEM Simulation Results Total demand, Thermal (kwh) Thermal Energy supplied through PV-T/PCM (kwh) Electrical Energy for Discharging (kwh) Winter July (Heating) Summer February (Cooling) COP Discharging Thermal Energy Charged (kwh) Electrical Energy for Charging (kwh) COP Charging COP Overall

51 AUTOMATION

AUTOMATION The main objective of the control

52 AUTOMATION The main objective of the control system is to have a integrated approach to: - Natural ventilation and HVAC management - Lighting management - Energy generation and consumption monitoring - House Comfort monitoring and control Clipsal C-Bus has been used

53 AUTOMATION HVAC System Managed by a Residential type of control system. Customized logic and nonstandard use of devices to automate the system and control the subcomponents ILLAWARRA FLAME BMS

54 SUMMARY

55 SUMMARY FIRST PLACE IN THE SOLAR DECATHLON CHINA FINAL with of a possible 1000 points Juried contests First place in Engineering First place in Architecture First place in Solar Application Second place in Communications Second place in Market Appeal Measured contests First place in Energy Balance First place in Hot Water Second place in Appliances

Peer Reviewed 2014 Solar Research Conference

Peer Reviewed 2014 Solar Research Conference paper ID # + Whitehouse Demonstrating sustainability retrofits through the design, construction and operation of the Team UOW Illawarra Flame Solar Decathlon