CIBSE One-day Seminar on Renewable Energy New Development and Technologies in Hong Kong. Floating PV System Installation and Challenges

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1 CIBSE One-day Seminar on Renewable Energy New Development and Technologies in Hong Kong Floating PV System Installation and Challenges Presented by: Ir Antonio C M CHAN 13 December

2 13 consecutive days of hot weather in May

3 An 11-million-tonne iceberg threatens tiny Greenland village, July 2018 Solar energy is one of the Renewable Energy source and is considered as an alternative means and yet is free of charge 3

4 Government Policy Support on Renewable Energy (1) Government Policy Support on Renewable Energy (1) 440 to 660 million kwh Per year: ~ 300 to 450 MW Capacity 4

5 Future Development of Floating Solar Farms in HK Black & Veatch was awarded by WSD to study the Feasibility of Installing Floating Solar Farms at 17 nos. of Impounded Reservoirs in Hong Kong; ~ 2 MW Pilot Scheme of Floating Solar Farm was completed; ~???MW Floating Solar Farm(s) will be Constructed in Middle Term Period;???? Floating Solar Farm(s) will be Constructed in Long Term Period. Following is a question by the Hon Kenneth Leung and a reply by the Secretary for the Environment, Mr Wong Kam-sing, in the Legislative Council today (July 2017): 5

6 Existing Solar Farms in Hong Kong CIC s Zero Carbon Centre: 80 kw Capacity EMSD s Headquarter: 350 kw Capacity HEC s Lamma Power Station: 1 MW Capacity DSD s Siu Ho Wan SWTW: 1.1 MW Capacity 6

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8 Source : researchgate.com Compete for the tallest building in the world 8

9 Current largest land installed Solar Farm Tengger Desert Solar Park, China 1,547 MW solar power was installed in Zhongwei, Ningxia by Bhadla Solar Park, India MW1,365 Kurnool Ultra Mega Solar Park, India 1000 MW operational as of December 2017 Datong Solar Power Top Runner Base, China 1000MW Phase I completed in June Longyangxia Dam Solar Park, China 320 MW Villanueva Solar Park, Mexico 828 MW when completed, expected completion in second half of 2018 Rewa Ultra Mega Solar, India 750MW Kamuthi Solar Power Project, India 648MW Pavagada Solar Park, India 600MW Karnataka state, United States 579 MW Tengger Desert Solar Park, Ningxia, China 1,547 MW 9

10 Tamil Nadu's Kamuthi solar plant in India of 648MW Top 10 Floating Solar Grid Connected PV Plants Rank / Size (kw) Name of reservoir / Name of Plant Country 1 40,000 Coal mining subsidence area of Huainan City China 2 20,000 Coal mining subsidence area of Huainan City China 3 9,902 Pei County China 4 7,550 Umenoki Japan 5 6,776 Jining GCL China 6 6,338 Queen Elizabeth II Reservoir UK 7 3,000 Cheongpung Lake South Korea 8 3,000 Otae Province South Korea 9 3,000 Jipyeong Province South Korea 10 2,991 Godley Reservior Floating Solar PV UK 10

11 Umenoki Solar Plant, Japan of 7,550kW Queen Elizabeth II Reservoir of 6,338kW 11

12 Kawarayama Ike Three Gorges, China of 150MW 12

13 Pei County, China of 9,902kW Kyocera 2.3MW Floating Solar Power Plant in Kasai City 13

14 Another 150MW Floating PV System in Guqiao, Anhui is under construction Source : solarbabax.com India is inviting tender for a 150MW Floating PV System in 2018 Source : MarineEnergy.biz 14

15 Visit to the 40MW FPV in Huainan City, Anhui 15

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17 What are the Pros and Cons 17

18 Due to the cooling effect of the water on both the panels and the electrical equipment, all water resistant, floating solar plants are expected to yield a higher power output than conventional solar installations, thus the return on investment is higher. As per a study conducted in Korea, comparing two Floating PV plants of 100 kwp & 500 kwp each with equivalent respective ground mounted PV systems, it was reported that daily average generation (kwh) of the FPV plants were approximately 10% higher compared to the land based systems. Similar study was conducted by the Solar Energy Research Institute of Singapore (SERIS). Source : A Study on Power Generation Analysis of Floating PV System Considering Environmental Impact by Young-Kwan Choi 18

19 The city poured 96 million, black, four-inch plastic balls over the surface of its 175-acre reservoir earlier this week - the first city in the country to use shade balls to preserve its water sources, Source : dailymail.com.uk Environment impacts Minimize water evaporation, conserve water by lowering the water temperature and reducing the size of the water area exposed to air, floating solar panels can reduce water evaporation by up to 33% on natural lakes and ponds, and by to 50% on man-made facilities. The systems can also improve water quality. As water bodies are exposed to the sun, photosynthesis promotes growth of organic matter, including algae. By shading the water, algae growth is reduced, minimizing the associated treatment and labor costs. Preserves existing ecosystems There is no excavation work, concrete foundation or banks occupation necessary. Most of the systems are supported on HDPE blocks; can safely be installed on drinking water reservoirs. Generally anchors require no excavation and have no impact on existing ecosystems 19

20 Cons or points to consider: Environmental Impact on Floating PV System Occurrence of Wave Due to Wind Velocity Wind Speed s Effect on Structure Effect of Wind Speed on Power Generation Amount Challenges for installing floating PV: a) Electrical equipment, modules and wiring, must be water resistant. b) Effects on the environment, mainly water quality, must be considered, and the annual fluctuation in reservoir water levels must be taken into when constructing the system. System Solution/Anchoring System Design Shallow Water Area spec: wind speed 30m/s depth 10m water level difference3m Maximum design Piling anchor 20

21 System Solution/Anchoring System Design Moderate depth area spec: wind speed 30m/s depth 30m water level difference 10m No-piling gravity anchor System Solution/Anchoring System Design Profundal water area spec: wind speed 25m/s depth 100m water level difference 30m complex geography Sinking anchor 21

22 System Solution/Anchoring System Design Offshore typhoon area spec: wind speed 48m/s depth 3~20m water level difference 4m No-sinking anchor Piling anchor and gravity anchor combined Current Development of Floating Solar Farms Two (2) Pilot Floating Solar Farms each with 100 kw by Water Supplies Department (WSD) 22

23 Current Development of Floating Solar Farms Shek Pik Reservoir (Completed in Feb 2017 by REC) Plover Cove Reservoir (Completed in Oct 2017 by CLPE) Current Development of Floating Solar Farms Item Description No. of PV Panels : 352 nos. (Total 8 Strings and 44 nos. in each String) Type of PV Panels : Mono-crystalline Solar Panel Total Output : 100 kw (Max. Current 139.2A) On-Gird Date : 20 February

24 Special Features of Shek Pik Project Real Time Power Output Total Energy Saving Power Box Drone Building Information Modeling (BIM) Special Features of Shek Pik Project BIM Video 24

25 What s next? Special Wind Resistance Design: Reduce the Visual Impact: Innovational Pattern Design? FPV on the Sea Other Installation Locations: Sea? Other Special Features / Designs? Lily Pattern We Build We Serve We Create 盈電網址 REC s Website 多謝 THANK YOU 25