Priority environmental contaminants in seafood: safety assessment, impact and public perception

Transcription

1 Priority environmental contaminants in seafood: safety assessment, impact and public perception Johan ROBBENS ILVO- Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research Societal challenge 2- Dissemination event Blue Growth and SFS marine topics Linking healthy oceans and seas with healthy people 27 June 2016, Brussels

2 The Challenge Since the industrial revolution, marine ecosystems have been strongly and continuously affected by several anthropogenic activities, particularly in coastal areas CONTAMINATION

3 The Challenge CLIMATE CHANGE TRIGGERS REMARCABLE IMPACTS IN COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS! WARMING ACIDIFICATION HYPOXIA Physiological status Metabolism Welfare and survival CONTAMINANTS AVAILABILITY

4 The Challenge Oceans pollution and climate change are a concern to: - marine environment - seafood safety and public health

5 The Challenge In Europe, laws ensure that seafood is tested and monitored for some harmful contaminants (e.g. lead, mercury, cadmium, toxins, PCBs, dioxins, PAHs) lfish-harvesting-closed-in-olympias.html What about non-regulated contaminants?

6 Contaminants of emerging concern Endocrine disruptors Toxins from HAB Personal care products Marine litter and others Pharmaceuticals Toxic metals speciation Brominated flame retardants Perfluorinated compounds

7 Contaminants of emerging concern Main issues: Lack of knowledge about the transfer of contaminants between environment and seafood Poor understanding of public health impacts of these chemical hazards Lack of monitoring, detection and mitigation strategies Clear and practical information to stakeholders is scarce

8 How to tackle? Strategy

9 At a Glance Funding: FP7, KBBE (4M budget), Oceans of Tomorrow Duration: February 2013 January 2017 (4 years) ARDA IPMA, ICETA NVI Assess food safety issues related to contaminants of emerging concern (non-regulated) in seafood as a result of environmental contamination and evaluate their impact on public health, contributing to the improvement of seafood risk management and communication

10 At a Glance Funding: FP7, KBBE (4M budget), Oceans of Tomorrow Duration: February 2013 January 2017 (4 years) NVI 18 Partners 10 countries ARDA Universities Fisheries research institutes Food research institutes SMEs IPMA, ICETA + different Workgroups

11 At a Glance NVI ARDA IPMA, ICETA

12 ECsafeSEAFOOD Outputs Contaminants Database: Contains information about chemical contaminants affecting seafood: concentration levels, toxicity effects, PBT-criteria Tool to prioritize contaminants with highest risk and effect (~40 in total) End users: food safety authorities/food diagnostic firms; improve contaminant diagnostics

13 Endocrine disruptors Triclosan BPA Methylparabens TBEP Nonylphenol Toxins from HAB Ciguatoxins Pinnatoxins Azaspiracids Palytoxins ECsafeSEAFOOD Outputs Selected Contaminants Personal care products Musks: galaxolide, tonalide, cashmeran UV-filters Marine litter and others Microplastics PAHs and OxyPAHs Pharmaceuticals Toxic metals speciation Brominated flame retardants Perfluorinated compounds Diclofenac, venlafaxine, citalopram, azithromycin, sulfamethaxole, sotalol, diazepam, oxytetracycline carbamazepine MeHg ias PBDEs HBB TBBPA HBCD Dechloranes Tribromophenol PFOS, PFOA, PFNA, PFHxS, PFDcA, PFUnA, PFDoA, PFBS, PFPeA, PFHxA

14 ECsafeSEAFOOD Outputs Monitoring of contaminants in seafood: Hot spot areas (areas subjected to strong anthropogenic pressure) Monitoring of contaminants in seafood: Commercial species collected in 7 countries (IT, ES, PT, BE, IE, NL, DK; season, size and origin assessed)

15 Hot spots and commercial sampling Target species and tissue: seaweeds, cod, salmon, brown crab, mussels, clams, flounder, plaice, sole, tuna, hake, monkfish, octopus, shrimp, mullet, seabream, Nile perch, pangasius, mackerel Monitor effect of origin and species characteristics as size

16 ECsafeSEAFOOD Outputs Monitoring of contaminants in seafood: Commercial species collected in 7 countries (IT, ES, PT, BE, IE, NL, DK; season, size and origin assessed) Contaminant Hot spot Commercial Species Levels Species Levels Perfluorinated compound (PFOS) Flounder 28.6 Mussels 1.5 Endocrine disruptor (BPA) Mussels 12.5 Canned mackerel None for fresh Endocrine disruptor (Methylparaben) Mullet 16.4 Mussels 1.3 Edocrine disruptor (TBEP) Mullet 98.4 None - Pharmacutical (Venlafaxine) Mussels 36.1 Mussels 0.5 Brominated flame retardant (TBBPA) nq - Mackerel 27.1 Brominated flame retardant (BDE99) Mussels 5.99 Mussels (ng/g DW)

17 ECsafeSEAFOOD Outputs Fast screening methods Currently, there is still a lack of accurate, low cost, easy and fast tools for the detection of environmental contaminants in food.

18 ECsafeSEAFOOD Outputs Fast screening methods - Biosensors ECsafeSEAFOOD has already developed fast screening sensors for: Chloramphenicol (antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections) Azaspiracids (group of marine algal toxins) Tetrodotoxin (a potent neurotoxin) Sulphonamides (used as antibiotics and diuretics) Quinolones and macrolides (microbiological inhibition screening tests ) New devices for control & monitoring bodies

19 ECsafeSEAFOOD Outputs European seafood consumption patterns Seafood consumer survey (BE, IRL, IT, PT, SP (n=3000); 32 seafood species assessed) Highest seafood consumption frequency in Portugal followed by Spain and Italy Lowest seafood consumption frequency in Ireland followed by Belgium Risk assessment Bioavailability Culinary preparation

20 Bioaccessibility and processing ECsafeSEAFOOD Outputs contaminant Raw and steamed + spiking/non-spiking

21 Mitigation - Processing ECsafeSEAFOOD Outputs: Mitigation Mean (N=9) ng/g wet weight ias As Cr Fe Cu Zn Se Cd Hg Raw 17 12, ,333 5,184 10, Cooked 13 11, ,690 3,871 9, % 14% 7% 12% 25% 8% 19% 37% 19% Peeled 11 10, ,154 1,397 8, % 21% 88% 95% 73% 20% 38% 98% -30% EU ML (fish) Removing the shell and intestines greatly reduces Cd, Cr, Fe, Cu and Cd Cooking reduces the content to varying degrees

22 ECsafeSEAFOOD Outputs: Mitigation Mitigation European tool:

23 ECsafeSEAFOOD Outputs: Mitigation Mitigation European tool: Consumers, nutritionists and Industrials

24 Climate change ECsafeSEAFOOD Outputs: Climate change Higher accumulation of MeHg in seabass in warming conditions Transfer of contaminants Higher accumulation of HBCD and PCBs in salmon fed with microplastics, but not of PBDEs

25 Dissemination activities (149) ECsafeSEAFOOD Outputs: Dissemination st SI at Journal Environmental Research (15 manuscripts) 1 workshop to consumers, seafood producers and processors 1 workshop to policy makers 1 seminar to students and seafood producers (May 2016) 2nd SI at Food and Chemical Toxicology (ongoing)

26 ECsafeSEAFOOD Impact Improved seafood safety and minimized human health risks Increased consumers confidence & seafood consumption Improved common understanding on seafood safety in different stages of the seafood trade chain

27 ECsafeSEAFOOD Lesson Learnt Communication and information 6 months meeting Skype. Dedicated personnel for management and follow up Realistic with milestones: timelines and number

28 ECsafeSEAFOOD final conference (24-27th January 2017) ECsafeSEAFOOD final conference: Seafood safety: new findings & innovation challenges Venue: Brussels Main objectives: Conference o Exchange format knowledge (preliminary): on seafood safety o Debate seafood safety risks and challenges o Network with other food safety experts o Identify the key issues associated with seafood safety in Europe and discuss strategies to mitigate risk Half day for stakeholders session: - Target audience: Policy makers, Consumer associations, Seafood industrials/producers, Food Safety authorities - Presentation of the main outputs of the project One day and half for scientific community: - Target audience: Researchers and Students - Keynote lectures; scientific talks; poster sessions

29 Thank you for your attention Sara Cunha (ICETA) Damia Barcelo (ICRA) Tomaz Langerholc (UM) Chris Miles (NVI) Wim Verbeke (UGent) Further Info Antonio Marques Alejandro Barranco Job Schipper (AZTI) (Hortimare) Johan Robbens Kit Granby (DTU) Johan Robbens (ILVO) Jorge Diogene (IRTA) Michiel Kotterman (IMARES) José Luis Domingo (URV) Frederico Ferrari (Aeiforia) Jean Turquet (ARDA) Marieke Reuver (AQUATT) Annette Mortensen (Dan Salmon)