LAMNET A Global Network on Bioenergy

Transcription

1 LAMNET A Global Network on Bioenergy Bioenergy International Co-operation operation Dr. Peter Helm/Dr. Rainer Janssen WIP - Renewable Energies, Munich, Germany Preston Auditorium, The World Bank, Washington, 26 February 2003

2 LAMNET - Latin America Thematic Network on Bioenergy Global network of 48 institutions from 24 countries Transnational forum for the promotion of sustainable use of biomass Funded by the European Commission within the programme Confirming the International Role of Community Research (Jan 2002 Dec 2004) Coordinated by WIP, Germany, in partnership with ETA, Italy and the European Biomass Industry Association, EUBIA Latin American organisations CENBIO, Brazil and UNAM, Mexico act as coordination support points

3 LAMNET Membership 48 members (status February 2003) Africa China South Africa, Mozambique, Senegal Latin America Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Mexico, Cuba, Costa Rica Latin America Europe China Africa Europe Belgium, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Greece, France, Sweden, Austria, Germany

4 LAMNET Thematic Priorities Analysis of the Energy Policy Framework Assessment of Energy Demand and Biomass Resources Assessment of available Technologies and Systems Development and Implementation of Technology and Policy Options for the Promotion of Bioenergy

5 Focus of Network Activities - 1 Co-generation of Heat and Electricity based on sugar cane bagasse and other suitable biomass resources Large-scale implementation of bioethanol production (sugar cane, sweet sorghum, agroforestry residues) Creation of a global bioethanol market Promotion of Integrated Bioenergy Complexes (Bioenergy-Food-Feed Complexes) Distillation Column, Copersucar, Brazil

6 Focus of Network Activities - 2 Promotion of small- and medium-scale decentralised bioenergy systems Advanced pelletising technologies Micro-turbines for co-generation Micro-distilleries for ethanol production, Charcoal production from residues Efficient biomass cooking stoves Pelletiser machine, Italy

7 Biomass Energy and Climate Change Current Global Energy Demand: 400 EJ/a (10 billion TOE/a) Current Global Emission of Carbon: 6,3 Gt/a 2100 Global Energy Demand (SRES Scenarios): EJ/a 2050 Global Bioenergy Potential: EJ/a Biomass Category Potential Bioenergy supply (EJ) 1. Biomass on surplus agricultural land Biomass on degraded land Agricultural residues Forest residues Animal manure Organic waste (+ bio-material waste) 1 3 (+31) 7. Bio-materials Minus TOTAL M. Hoogwijk et al.

8 Crucial Factors influencing the Future Bioenergy Potential Availability of land for energy production Population growth Type of diet consumed Food production system Other competing land use Alternative land use options for degraded land Material production Carbon sequestration Nature conservation Productivity level of forests and energy crops Physical factors (soil quality, climate, water availability) Socio-economic factors (cost of labour and land)

9 Bioenergy Case Study Brazil PROINFA Program to Foster Alternative Sources of Electric Power Phase 1 (until December 2006) Electrobras is committed to sign electricity purchase contracts for construction of MW from Wind, SHP and Biomass Phase 2 ( ) Subsidies assured to producers of electric power from alternative sources until a 10% share of total consumption is reached (Biomass: MW; 40 TWh/a) PROINFA Total Investment: 8,1 billion US$ Financing for the Bioenergy Sector in Brazil National Development Bank (BNDES); Inter-American Development Bank

10 Bioenergy Case Study Brazil Proalcool Brazilian Alcohol Program Created in 1975 (first oil crisis) 3 million vehicles run on hydrous ethanol Gasoline contains 22% of anhydrous ethanol Ethanol consumption in Brazil: 12 billion l/a CO 2 Abatement (1996): 12,7 million t/a Future Activity: CDM Project Brazil Germany new ethanol cars CO 2 Abatement: t/a LAMNET Partners: CENBIO, Copersucar, UNICA

11 Bioenergy Case Study Cuba Energy Development Program Cuban Ministry of Sugar Medium-term Target Co-generation of electricity covers sugar sector demand Long-term Target Electricity sales to the national grid Strategic Components Increase of energy efficiency in the sugar sector Increase of energy production (new technologies) High pressure steam turbines (CEST) Biomass Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (BIGCC) Installation of new power plants fuelled by sugar cane

12 Bioenergy Case Study Cuba Impact on Global Climate Change CO 2 Abatement (medium-term): 0,4 million t/a CO 2 Abatement (long-term): 6,2 million t/a Financing Options for Technology Development United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Global Environment Facility (GEF) LAMNET Partner: Cuban Ministry of Sugar - MINAZ

13 Bioenergy Case Study Colombia National Alcohol Program for Colombian Gasolines New law (2001) mandating the blend of bioethanol (10% volume) with gasoline and diesel fuel by 2006 Construction of 9 bio-refineries (each l/day) Impact on Global Climate Change: CO 2 Abatement: 6 million t/a Financing Options: Invitation to private investors (national and international) to participate in the production of fuel ethanol in an open market Investment: 400 million US$; Tax exemption for bioethanol Discount Cash Flow Rate of Return (DCFROR): > 20%; CER s through CDM LAMNET Partner: CORPODIB

14 Bioenergy Case Study South Africa White Paper on the Promotion of Renewable Energy (Aug. 2002) Department of Minerals and Energy (DME) 10-year Target for Renewable Energy Additional GWh RE contribution to energy consumption by 2012 Biomass, wind, solar and SHP Capacity: MW Total Investment: 4-6 billion US$ Starting Point: Early-win Investments Biomass based co-generation Solar water heating, Wind Sezela Sugar Mill Source: Illovo Sugar Ltd., South Africa

15 Bioenergy Case Study South Africa Impact on Global Climate Change: CO 2 Abatement: 10 million t Financing Options: Allocation of funding to overcome initial high capital costs Financial Resources from a combination of South African and international sources International funds via GEF and CDM Government financial and fiscal measures Budgetary allocations, Subsidies Levies, Tax rebates LAMNET Partner: Illovo Sugar Ltd.

16 Events of the LAMNET Project st LAMNET Workshop on the occasion of the 12 th European Conference and Technology Exhibition on Biomass for Energy, Industry and Climate Protection, Amsterdam, 19 June nd LAMNET Workshop, Durban, South Africa, August 2002 WIP, Illovo Sugar Ltd. Advanced Pelleting Technology 3rd LAMNET Workshop, Brasilia, Brazil, 3-4 December 2002 WIP, CENBIO Ethanol based Fuel Cell Technologies

17 Events of the LAMNET Project 2003 International Bioenergy Forum on China EU Cooperation in Guangzhou, China, April 2003 organised by ETA, EUBIA, WIP, Ministry of Environment of Guangzhou, Guangdong University of Technology Primera Reunion Internacional de Biomasa in Morelia, Mexico, June 2003 co-organised by UNAM, ANES, FAO Workshop on Biomass Utilisation and Environment Protection in Dalian, China, September 2003 co-organised by the Chinese Association of Rural Energy Industry 2nd International Seminar on Energy in the Sugarcane Agroindustry in Cuba, Habana, November 2003 co-organised by the Cuban Ministry of Sugar

18 LAMNET Dissemination Activities LAMNET Project Web site: LAMNET Project Newsletter (2 issues per year) Brochure on the occasion of the World Summit on Sustainable Development, Johannesburg, South Africa Bioenergy Thematic Leaflets Modern Bioenergy Village Complex Refined Bio-Fuels Pellets and Briquettes Micro-distillery for Decentralised Bio-ethanol Production

19 The Authors Dr. Peter Helm, WIP-Munich; Dr. Rainer Janssen, WIP-Munich; Acknowledgements Prof. José Moreira, CENBIO-Brazil; Dr. Omar Masera, UNAM-Mexico; Dr. Giuliano Grassi, EUBIA-Brussels; Mr. Francesco Cariello, ETA-Florence; Ms. Angela Grassi, ETA-Florence;