MAKING LOW-CARBON SUSTAINABLE CITIES RESILIENT. Resilient Cities 2012 Congress, Bonn 14 th May, Kanika Chawla REN 21

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1 MAKING LOW-CARBON SUSTAINABLE CITIES RESILIENT Resilient Cities 2012 Congress, Bonn 14 th May, 2012 Kanika Chawla REN 21

2 About REN21 Multi-stakeholder Policy Network grouping: national to local governments, industry, academia, INGOs, NGOs, civil society Rationale: enable a rapid global transition to renewable energy. REN21 s Mission: promote policies for worldwide renewable energy expansion through objective policy guidance high quality information exchange among relevant actors

3 Urban Energy Future Half of the world s population lives in cities today. Nearly two-third of the world population will reside in urban areas by Cities will consume 80% of the world s energy by 2040.?

4 Challenges faced by Cities Meet the growing energy needs of rising population Challenges of Cities in the future Reduce their greenhouse emissions Cities want to be part of the SOLUTION and not the PROBLEM Energy Efficiency Renewable Energy What will the future look like?

5 REN21 Global Futures Report (GFR) Tool to facilitate dialogue on the future of renewable energy Aims at providing a simple overview on how the future of RE is currently seen by prominent experts, governments, and institutions Based on more than 150 interviews conducted around the world Emphasis on role of local governments and visions for cities of the future First review draft available upon request

6 Trends Green city Dynamics By % of the world s largest cities had adopted climate change actions 57% had plans for GHG reductions with an emphasis on renewable energy Examples of renewable energy targets by cities: Vaxjo, Sweden aims to be 100% renewable energy driven by 2030 City of Austin, USA wants 100% of their own use electricity to come from renewables Hamburg, Germany plans to reduce 80% of their CO2 emissions by 2050 (base 1990) Cape Town, South Africa to produce 10% of its primary energy supply from renewable energy sources by 2020 Seoul, South Korea has a renewable energy supply target of 20% by 2030

7 Switching to Renewable Energy i) Using Municipal Utilities ii) Transforming production infrastructure to integrate greater share of renewable energy in the electric supply in Munich, Copenhagen, Vaxjo, etc where the city owns the energy utility. Re-Municipalisation of Energy Utilities and The Grid Modelled after the Sustainable Energy Initiative of Delaware, the city of Philadelphia has created a sustainable energy authority that will invest in RE. New York and Vermont are also going for the same approach. Hamburg and Boulder are re-municipalising their utility. Hamburg for instance has set up Hamburg Energie that will invest in RE. iii) Renegotiating Contracts with Energy Utilities Ithaca, New York has switched to 100 % RE electricity Austin, Texas are powering their municipal facilities with 100% renewable.

8 Buildings- Consumers to Prosumers Buildings currently account for 40% of the world energy consumption Buildings around the world are considerably being transformed with the emergence of passive buildings, zero-energy buildings, net-zero buildings, carbon-neutral buildings and living buildings All city buildings in Austin are to be carbon neutral by 2020 Oregon Sustainable Center in Portland All new developments in Amsterdam to be energy neutral from 2015 onwards.

9 Heating and Cooling- the Sleeping Giant As buildings are being transformed, cities and local governments will be looking to use more renewables for their heating and cooling purposes District heating system will be key to an effective and green heating system using biomass, geothermal or solar thermal collectors. Vaxjo, Sweden fulfills 90% of its heating demand from biomass Amsterdam district heating system uses biomass of biogas 98% of the homes in Copenhagen are connected to the district system fired by biomass Munich and Seoul are investing in geothermal; Munich already meeting 80% of its heating needs via geothermal sources

10 Transportation- Electric Mobility Currently 85 % of energy used in urban transport comes from fossil fuels Rebuilding the urban transportion system that are driven by renewables is the goal of many cities around the world. Hong Kong, Mexico City and Sydney are investing extensively in the electrification of their railway systems Conversion of Rail bound transport to 100% RE e.g Hamburg (by 2050) and Calgary Sao Paulo introduced 60 ethanol buses in buses are now using a B20 blend in the city of Sao Paulo. Johannesburg also introduced 25 ethanol buses in 2011 Mexico city is currently building solar powered charging stations in order to to put 100 EV s on the road by the end of 2012 Austin, Texas is currently supplying 50 charging stations in the city with renewable electricity

11 Smart Cities The concept of smart cities is to make intensive use of ICT to enhance energy efficiency, maximise the integration and use of renewables in buildings and in local electricity grid and ensure the smooth roll out of EV`s. It enables intelligent energy management and creates a system of: Smart Buidlings Smart Grids Smart Transport Currently there are 102 smart city project in the world including Amsterdam, Seoul, Boulder, Colorado, Johannesburg, Lagos and Delhi.

12 Cities of the Future Songdo, South Korea (65,000 people): This eco-city is located 65km outside of Seoul and is being developed as the greenest business hub of the world. Aiming to be ready by Dongton Eco City, China (500,000 people) : This city aims to combine an ambitious vision of sustainable development and urban planning. The city will have an entirely self sufficient energy system using solar panels, wind turbines and bio-fuels. PlanIT Valley, Portugal (150,000 people): This ambitious city development in northern Portugal is anticipated to be ready by The city will focus on advanced ICT infrastructure.

13 Way Forward The inspiration from the trends that exist in cities today are indicative that the cities of the future will have: Green Buildings District Heating systems Community transportation systems Electric Vehicles Smart grids with integration of renewables

14 Policy Landscape Targets and policies existing at state, provincial and local levels are the drivers of a sustainable future vision. Targets representing commitment to renewable energy: Shares of electricity Eg: Sydney, Australia: 25% by 2020 Total primary energy- Eg: San Francisco, USA: 100% by 2020 Installed Capacity Eg: Shanghai, China: 300MW of wind and 10MW of Solar PV by 2014 Fuel Mandates-Eg: Stockholm, Sweden: 100% public transport buses to run on ethanol and biogas Investment- Eg: Toronto, Canada: CAD20 million Green Energy Fund to support renewable energy investments

15 Coming soon... REN21 Renewables 2012 Global Status Report and Global Futures Report Launch together with Global Trends in RE investment on 11 June 2012 Launch at the Abu Dhabi International Renewable Energy Conference ADIREC in January