German Mining Law and use of Radarinterferometry in Mining

Transcription

1 German Mining Law and use of Radarinterferometry in Mining Terrafirma User Workshop Mining Session 4 The way to Sustainability DMT, Essen am 21/ Joachim Deutschmann Deutscher Markscheider-Verein e.v. (German Mine Surveyors Association) Herne 1

2 Outline The German mining regions The German mining law Mine surveyors position under mining law Use of radar interferometry under mining law 2

3 Outline The German mining regions The German mining law Mine surveyors position under mining law Use of radar interferometry under mining law Map 1: Deposits in Germany Map 2: Mining and storage operations in Germany 3

4 4

5 Mining influences on the environment and remediation measures Potash and salt underground mining Open cast brown coal mining Final disposal sites Steinkohlenabbaugebiet Ruhr heute Hard coal underground mining Rocks and soils industry Abb. LMBV, RWE, BBS, K+S, DBE, RAG 5

6 Outline The German mining regions The German mining law Mine surveyors position under mining law Use of radar interferometry under mining law 6

7 Framework of German mining law Federal Mining Act (Bundesberggesetz, BBergG) runs since 1st January 1982 is based on the principle of distinction between what is an integral part of the ground (grundeigen) and what is not (bergfrei) most raw materials listed in the Act (e.g. metals, salts, hard coal and lignite, petroleum, natural gas, fluorspar and barites) are not part of landed d property non-integral raw materials are initially ownerless (herrenlos) only a very few mass raw materials (e.g. sand, gravel, natural stone, peat) are excepted from this ruling and regarded as the landowner s property Federal Mining Act regulates the exploration, extraction and treatment of mineral resources and the rehabilitation of the surface (e.g. recultivation of exploited open cast mines, completed heaps and closed plants) 7

8 Objectives of mining law permits securing the country s supply of raw materials by orderly exploration, extraction and treatment of the raw materials control of the economy by orderly issue of entitlements ensuring the safety of the mining operations and their employees protecting third parties and the surface from hazards resulting from mining operations also includes compensation for damage caused by mining subsidence and reducing the impact on the environment since 1990 environmental impact assessment with public participation to increase the environmental protection aspects is implemented 8

9 System of permits under mining law Duration: ~10-25 a 2 a ~1-5 a ~5-25 a 2010 S. Peysa, KSL 9

10 Outline The German mining regions The German mining law Mine surveyors position under mining law Use of radar interferometry under mining law 10

11 Legal framework of chartered mine surveyors (1) 63 BBergG: the mining entrepreneur is obliged to maintain cartographic documentation of extraction and underground exploration operations the documentation consists of the mine plan and other documents (maps, plans, survey reports and files) and is to be updated regularly (Rißwerk = Grubenbild + sonst. Unterlagen) if someone is affected by subsidence, he can inspect the relevant documentation at the mining authority (Grubenbildeinsichtnahme) 64 BBergG: the documentation is to be maintained by an officially recognized mine surveyor (Markscheider) the mine surveyor is not subject to directives in the performance of his professional duties (Weisungsfreiheit) he is authorized to certify facts within the scope of his activities (similarly to notaries public and publicly appointed land surveyors) (Öffentlicher Glaube) 11

12 Legal framework of chartered mine surveyors (2) > Measurements vs. Monitoring < 125 BBergG: the mining authority may require observations (measurements) in areas with buildings and facilities on the surface to identify and monitor the effects of mining (ground movements). if these measurements are relevant in preventing a danger Monitoring is not defined in mining law. This technical term covers all relevant environmental observations ensuring the aims of the approval. Monitoring in this case, as an administrative and functional instrument, is an integral part of long term permits and of common use. 12

13 Legal framework of chartered mine surveyors (3) Federal Mining Act Mining Ordinance on Mine Surveyors Standards (DIN ff) definitions requirements designs 13

14 Outline The German mining regions The German mining law Mine surveyors position under mining law Use of radar interferometry under mining law 14

15 Surveying techniques Results of working panels principals, recommendations, advices principals on the use of GPS in mining principals on the use of terrestrial and airborne laser scanning in mining principals on the use of radar interferometry in mining (in the near future) Abandoned mines recommendations on monitoring tasks (in the near future) 15

16 Possible structure of the principals on the use of RIM (in the style of the principles on use of laser scanning) 1. Zielsetzung, Vorgehensweise 2. Allgemeines 2.1 Vorschriften 2.2 Laserscanning im Bergbau 2.3 Einsatzbereiche (Beispiele) 2.4 Beschreibung des Messverfahrens 3. Messung 4. Auswertung und Ergebnisse 5. Genauigkeiten, Kalibrierung, Geräteprüfung 6. Abkürzungen 1. Aims, practise 2. General 2.1 Regulations 2.2 Radar interferometry in mining 2.3 Application field (examples) 2.4 Descript. of measurement methods 3. Measurement 4. Analysis and results 5. Accuracies, calibration, device inspection 6. Abbreviations 16

17 Radar interferometry status quo and capabilities (1) operational terrestrial and airborne sensors are available the availability of suitable international satellites appears assured a high repeat rate is ensured with satellites various wavebands are available for different functions data archives are available and in construction satellite scenes covers large areas in good quality the suitability for detection of relative height changes is good (!) geometric accuracy has been confirmed by geodetic methods PSI/IPTA supplies good point-related results dinsar supplies good area-related results 17

18 Radar interferometry status quo and capabilities (2) the market is coming alive alternatives are available among data providers, service providers and clients also (!) acceptance of the results is increasing a critical attitude towards the black box system is still appropriate data and process costs are regrettably still much too high (!) the technology is approaching general market readiness another 3-5 years will pass until it is accepted as a replacement for terrestrial methods (levelling) will be further on an technology managed by experts only (!) 18

19 Radar interferometry what remains to be done? (1) the fields of use under mining law, the requirements for the measurements and documentations, and the accuracies to be maintained has to be clarified the legal certainty of the results has to be clarified euphoric application and marketing scenarios should be abandoned Conclusion 1: confidence has to be build 19

20 Radar interferometry what remains to be done? (2) the availability of the sensors and service chain has to be ensured market mechanisms have to be improved and costs cut handling and decision-making aids for selection of the right method have to be created further regional, national and international projects and field tests are necessary to strengthen and to propagate the know-how reporting in popular science media has to be increased Conclusion 2: market has to be developed 20

21 Thank you für your attention, Glückauf! 21

22 Mine surveying know-how with future Deutscher Markscheider-Verein e.v. German Mine Surveyors Association Contact and Information: de rohstoffe org 22