Surface Water Hydrology
|
|
- Erick Cox
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Suface Wate Hydology Intoduction Wate is a key component in the life cycles of all oganisms because of its ability to dissolve many substances (univesal solvent) and as a cooling agent. It is also an integal pat of photosynthesis fo plants and espiation fo animals and micooganisms. The stong self-attaction of wate molecules leads to capillay suction that help plants such as tees to povide life sustaining wate to thei highest banches, as well as helping hold wate in soil fo plant oots to access it. These ae just a few of the many easons why wate is of geat inteest to humans. Hydologic Cycle The study of the distibution and movement of wate on eath is known as hydology. Humans have leaned much about the availability and movement of fesh wate (elatively fee of dissolved impuities), because being depived of it fo only a numbe of days can theaten human life. The neve ending ecycling of wate above and beneath the eath s suface, tansfoming fom liquid to gaseous foms and back, is known as the hydologic cycle. Wate tapped as ice o snow is emoved fom the cyclic movement fom anywhee days to thousands of yeas of yeas until melting fees it again fo movement within the cycle. Figue 1 is a depiction of this cycle. The diving foce Figue 1. Hydologic cycle components. fo all wate movement on eath is the sun. It causes edistibution of wate vapo in the ai by winds and weathe systems. The enegy of sunlight is also esponsible fo a constant supply of wate vapo to the atmosphee though evapoation fom collected wate on the eath s suface such as lakes o the oceans. It is indiectly esponsible fo plant
2 elease of wate vapo due to photosynthetic metabolism in what is known as tanspiation. Due to the difficulty in sepaating these two vapo foming mechanisms, hydologists combine the two and efe to the combination of the two as evapotanspiation. Wate vapo condenses back to liquid in the atmosphee in the fom of small doplets in collections that make up clouds. When clouds collect sufficient moistue that they no longe can stably suspend them, they ae eleased as pecipitation (ain o snow), and move back fom the atmosphee back to the eaths suface. ecipitation collects on the land sufaces in small puddles (depession stoage), seeps into the soil and feeds deepe levels though infiltation, o flows towad lowe elevations as unoff. Runoff collects into ditches o small steams which eventually ae collected into lage steams o ives. Feshwate lakes ae fed by these steams and ives, and emain as feshwate esevois so long as they have an outflow to flush out dissolved solids fed though the lake. The ultimate destination fo steam and ive flow is an ocean body, whee the dissolved solids have no outlet and contibute to seawate salinity. Wate vapo evapoating fom seawate is a significant wate souce feeding back into the cycle. The Rational Equation Civil and envionmental enginees and scientists ae inteested in pedicting the ate of unoff flow fom pecipitation fo seveal easons. The most obvious is to povide sufficient flow capacity in conveyance pipes and channels to avoid flooding. Anothe impotant eason is the need to pedict flows though ives and lakes to descibe the movement of tanspoted contaminants. In many cases elated to conveyance, meely knowing a peak expected flow is sufficient infomation fo decision making. The simplest appoach is to assume a simple linea elation to ainfall intensity (in/h o cm/h). The Rational Equation is a atio elationship descibing the popotionality between the peak collected unoff Q p (ft 3 /s o m 3 /s) fom an aea A, due to a ainfall distibuted unifomly ove the aea at a steady intensity i. It is stated as Qp Ci A whee C is a non-dimensional unoff coefficient ( = 1 fo impevious). It is best applied when the collecting aea is less than 20 aces in size. Application of the equation is most easily undestood by consideing unoff fom an asphalt paking lot whose suface aea is easonable appoximated as a ectangle (see Figue 2). If ainfall begins to fall steadily at a unifom intensity ove the aea, almost all of the wate will un off, with only a small amount seeping into the
3 asphalt o though cacks in it (C = 0.9). Figue 3 is a plot of the collected outflow Q as a function of time assuming ainfall continues at intensity i fo a long time. Once even the most distant point (flow-wise) is contibuting to the outflow Q, it will level off at the peak outflow Q p. The flow path fo this case is shown in Figue 2 by the aow showing the flow path Figue 2. aking lot unoff schematic. fom the most elevated paking spot to a collecting channel in the middle of the lot, followed by the path aow down the middle of the lot. The time the wate takes to flow oveland along this path to the outflow point is called the time of concentation. It should be a popety only of the collecting suface, and not the ainfall intensity. Thee ae a numbe of empiical elations that have been developed to pedict t c, but the most diectly applicable to paved aeas is the FAA equation based on the total maximum tavel length L (ft) and the mean slope S (ft/ft) along that path. Figue 3. Runoff flow appoach to maximum.
4 t c 1/3 1/ C L S whee C is the Rational Eq. constant and t c is in minutes. Example 1. The south Engineeing Building paking lot at SIUC can be appoximated as a ectangle sketched in Figue 4. Assuming C = 0.9, L = 540 ft, w = 150 ft, and the slope is along the length fom elevation 439ft above sea level to 436 ft. Find the time of concentation fo the lot. Solution: S t 439 ft 436ft 540ft (elatively flat) 1/2 1/3 S c 1/3 Figue 4. aking Lot C L min Geneal pactice fo using the ational equation on small aeas such as this is to limit the time of concentation to minutes with an abitay 15 minutes used without efeence to topogaphy. The pactical implication in this instance is that only one inlet would be enough fo this lot, but typically seveal ae used. Intensity-Duation-Fequency Cuves The time of concentation can be used in application of the Rational Eq. to detemine a design stom intensity by use of Intensity-Duation-Fequency (I-D-F) cuves. Detailed examination of pecipitation ecods all the constuction of these cuves. Fo a measued ainfall event of duation D and total collected pecipitation measued as, the aveage stom intensity is
5 i avg D The pobability of occuence of a given intensity event in any given yea is estimated by anking the intensities ove as many yeas of eliable ecods as available, and then elating to a etun peiod of T (ys) as T 1 y An I-D-F constucted in such a fashion fo the egion of ou paking lot example is shown in Figue 5 taken fom an asphalt manufactues manual. The fequency of the I-D-F cuve is actually 1/T, but the etun peiod is commonly Figue 5. I-D-F fo SIUC lot. efeed to as the fequency. Designes of paking lot dainage systems use a etun peiod of 5 o 10 yeas. By choosing one of these cuves and using the time of concentation as the duation, a design stom intensity can be detemined. Example 2. The taking the time of concentation detemined fo the south Engineeing Building paking in Ex. 1, estimate the design peak flow. Remembe that t c = 10.1 min, C = 0.9, L = 540 ft, and w = 150 ft. Solution: Fom Fig.5, with D 47 min & T 10 y i 6.2in / h 2 2 A 540ft 150ft 81,000ft 1.86ac 1ac 43,500ft 3 ac in ft Qp in / h1.86ac h s 3 ac in ft note : cfs h s
6 Hydogaphs Thee ae times when plannes need moe infomation about unoff than just the peak flow. Fo lage collecting suface aeas on the ode of squae miles (watesheds), a time seies of flow values a collection point of the wateshed descibes what is known as a hydogaph. A pedictive tool that can poduce an accuate hydogaphic esponse to exteme ainfall events can help planning to mitigate flooding effects. It is also valuable to know flow vaiations in collecting steams, so that the effects of contaminant loads in unoff wate o dischaged diectly to the steams can be assessed. Figue 6 shows a hydogaph depicting the unoff poduced fom a ainfall event fo the wateshed aea to the left. The outline of the wateshed descibes a divide, which is a cest on the land suface about which pecipitation landing inside the wateshed bounday poduces unoff flowing towad the collection point (noted by the aow), and pecipitation outside the bounday poduces unoff fo some othe wateshed. Wate is collected inside the wateshed into the steams indicated as the intenal solid lines. Divides indicating aeas contibuting to the thee steam banches ae noted as dashed lines inside the wateshed. Figue 6. Hydogaph (ight) fo wateshed (left). One of the most common methods of pedicting unoff hydogaphs is to assume that a chaacteistic unit hydogaph (UH) can be constucted, and hydogaphic esponse to any magnitude ainfall event can be descibed in tems of multiples of this base esponse. The key aspect of the unit hydogaph is that it poduces one unit of unoff (one in o one cm). Thee ae two UH foms descibed by NRCS. Figue 7 is a gaphical desciption of the time vaiation pescibed fo its UHs. The shape moe like that of Fig. 6 is called the natual UH, and the tiangula UH is a piecewise linea appoximation to the natual shape. Both foms will poduce 1 in of unoff if one uses the following equations to calculate Q p and t p.
7 464A 2 Q cfs & t t h p p c tp 3 fo a stom of duation D Using the above equations, the base time length of the tiangula UH must be 2.67 times t p to poduce 1 in of unoff. Befoe a UH can be applied, an estimate of the faction of the ainfall poducing unoff must be made. A simplified NRCS appoach is pesented hee as an attempt to simplify the discussion, but the eade is Q/Qp tc & A in mi NRCS Dimensionless UHs t/tp 2 Natual Tiangula Figue 7. NRCS natual and tiangula UHs. diected to the moe complete discussions available in a vaiety of hydology textbooks. A constant simila to the ational C is the NRCS cuve numbe (CN). It is a function both of the soil popeties and how the land suface is being used. Fo example a gassed aea on swelling clay soils would have a CN = 80, wheeas fo sandy silt type soils that dain moe easily, CN = 40. The cuve numbe can be thought of as a pecentage ating fo unoff fom pecipitation. If the aveage intensity i avg of a stom of duation D is iavg D CN then Qavg iavg A 100 Whee is the total (ain gauge collected) pecipitation. This desciption can also be thought of as unoff being caused by excess pecipitation, whee it is calculated as excess = (CN/100).
8 Example 3. Teating swelling clay soil undelying the paking lot of Ex. 2, estimate the unoff flow hydogaph pio to the gassed aea being paved ove, fo a stom of intensity 3 in/h ove 40 minutes. Assume t c inceases to 60 min. Solution: Take CN 80 D i c excess avg t 60 min 8min in 2 h 100 h 3 1.6in 1.6in 40 min 0.04in / min ove D( 8min) 0.04 in excess (8 min) min 0.32 in So the 40 minute stom is 5 applications of 8 min UHs Q (cfs) cfs cfs cfs time (min) Figue 8. Outflow hydogaph. Fo each UH Q p 1.86 ac ac / mi 2 / 3h cfs Each 8 min peak 0.32(0.675cfs) 40 min Q 0.675cfs cfs complete time histoy by speadsheet, plotted above.
Lecture 3 Activated sludge and lagoons
Lectue Activated sludge and lagoons ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS Activated sludge pocess is used duing seconday teatment of wastewate. Activated sludge is a mixtue of bacteia, fungi, potozoa and otifes maintained
More informationStudy of seepage for small homogeneous earth dams
Study of seepage fo small homogeneous eath dams Maius Lucian Botos Abstact Constucted in ode to egulate the wate level in one section of a ive, dams, egadless of thei type, ae subjected to the pemanent
More informationA Note on Void Ratio of Fibre-Reinforced Soils
TECHNICAL NOTE A Note on oid Ratio of Fibe-Reinfoced Soils Sanjay Kuma Shukla 1 Mohamed A. Shahin *2 Hazim Abu-Taleb 3 Abstact This technical note extends the concept of void atio, pesented taditionally
More informationPredicting future changes in climate and evaporation by a stepwise regression method
Sustainability of Wate Resouces unde Inceasing Uncetainty (Poceedings of the Rabat Symposium S1, Apil 1997). IAHS Publ. no. 24, 1997. 339 Pedicting futue changes in climate and evapoation by a stepwise
More informationSolar in Wetlands. Photo credit: a k e.org/blog/2012/08/15mw solar field near philadelphia.html
Sola in Wetlands Photo cedit: http://www.l a k e.og/blog/2012/08/15mw sola field nea philadelphia.html Ceated by: Jessica son Isabel Molina Allie Ziegle Sam Zuckeman Patnes: Vemont Depatment of Envionmental
More informationOregon and Washington). The second major study used for this report is "Parks and Recreation Information
Chapte 2 AN ECONOMIC ESTIMATE FOR SPORTFISHING ON SAN FRANCISCO BAY Jennife Cohen Intoduction San Fancisco Bay is a valuable esouce because it povides people with eceational and aesthetic pleasue, sustains
More informationConceptual Design. and Cost Estimate. for a Phased. Wastewater. Collection and. Treatment System. Clearwater River. Wenck. Watershed District
Conceptual Design and Cost Estimate fo a Phased Wastewate Collection and Teatment Pepaed fo Wenck Cleawate Rive Wateshed Distict June 2006 Wenck June 14,2006 Wenck Associates, Inc. 1800 Pionee Ceek Ct.
More informationEstimating Fish Abundance - Mark Recapture Method
Estimating Fish Abundance - Mak Recaptue Method Autho: Doug Lason Gade level: 7 th 9 th (see basic questions) o 10 th 12 th (see advanced questions) Class size: 15 30 Goup size: 3-5 Setting: compute lab
More information( τα ) = Product of transmittance and absorptance
Poceedings of the 010 Intenational Confeence on Industial Engineeing and Opeations Management Dhaka, Bangladesh, Januay 9 10, 010 Design of a Diect Gain Passive Sola Heating System Md. Tanbiuj Jaman, Md.
More informationPrecision Management of Nutrients, Water, & Seeds: A Holistic Approach
Pecision Management of Nutients, Wate, & Seeds: A Holistic Appoach To identify and demonstate the most poductive, efficient, pofitable and sustainable vaiable ate-wate, -nutient and seed management stategies
More informationSea-Level Rise and Coastal Wetlands Impacts
Sea-Level Rise and Coastal Wetlands Impacts James Mois Diecto, Belle W Bauch Institute fo Maine & Coastal Sciences Univesity of South Caolina 1979-2000 Sep 2007 Souce: National Snow and Ice Data Cente
More informationTHE EFFECT OF SHEAR STRENGTH NORMALISATION ON THE RESPONSE OF PILES IN LATERALLY SPREADING SOILS
Eathquake Geotechnical Engineeing Satellite Confeence XVIIth Intenational Confeence on Soil Mechanics & Geotechnical Engineeing 2-3.. 29, Alexandia, Egypt THE EFFECT OF SHEAR STRENGTH NORMALISATION ON
More informationConcentric Induction Heating for Dismantlable Adhesion Method
Concentic Induction Heating fo Dismantlable Adhesion Method Keywods «Induction heating», «Inteio constuction», «High fequency invete», «Allove method», «Dismantleable adhesion» Abstact A dismantlable (=dismantle-able)
More informationQuantifying the First-Flush Phenomenon: Effects of First-Flush on Water Yield and Quality
Quantifying the Fist-Flush Phenomenon: Eects of Fist-Flush on Wate Yield and Quality D. B. Matinson* and T.H. Thomas** *Depatment of Civil Engineeing, Univesity of Potsmouth, Potland Building, Potland
More informationModeling Phosphorus Transport in the Blue River Watershed, Summit County, Colorado
Modeling Phosphous Tanspot in the Blue Rive Wateshed, Summit County, Coloado Paula Jo Lemonds and John E. McCay Abstact Lake Dillon in Summit County, Coloado, is a pimay dinking-wate esevoi fo Denve. Eutophication
More informationSANITARY ENGINEERING ASSISTANT, 7866 SANITARY ENGINEERING ASSOCIATE, 7870 SANITARY ENGINEER, 7872
8-8-86 SANITARY ENGINEERING ASSISTANT, 7866 SANITARY ENGINEERING ASSOCIATE, 7870 SANITARY ENGINEER, 7872 Summay of Duties : Pefoms pofessional sanitay and envionmental engineeing wok in connection with
More informationA Shaking Table Test Design on Seismic Strengthened Brick Masonry Structures
5th Intenational Confeence on Advanced Design and Manufactuing Engineeing (ICADME 15) A Shaking Table Test Design on Seismic Stengthened Bick Masony Stuctues LIU Jie Ping 1, a *, LIU Chen,b and ZHANG Ling
More informationQuick Reference: Amplifier Equations
Quick efeence: Amplifie Equations 1.0 Intoduction Befoe deeloping a deep familiaity with the aious chaacteistics of amplifies, it s common to spend a fai amount of time flipping back and foth though you
More informationNumerical Analysis of Current Attachment at Thermionic Cathode for Gas Tungsten Arc at Atmospheric Pressure
Tansactions of JWRI, Vol.38 (2009), No. 1 Numeical Analysis of Cuent Attachment at Themionic Cathode fo Gas Tungsten Ac at Atmospheic Pessue YAMAMOTO Kentao*, TASHIRO Shinichi** and TANAKA Manabu*** Abstact
More informationPhd Program in Transportation. Transport Demand Modeling
Phd Pogam in Tanspotation Tanspot Demand Modeling João de Abeu e Silva Facto Analysis Phd in Tanspotation / Tanspot Demand Modelling 1/38 Facto Analysis Definition and Pupose Exploatoy technique aimed
More information5.5 Alternative 3: Nonstructural Flood Protection
Combined Altenatives: Impacts and Mitigation 5.5 Altenative 3: Nonstuctual Flood Potection Nonstuctual Flood Potection (Altenative 3) would not esult in geogaphically boad-scale flood damageduction duing
More informationBlind Multi-Channel Estimation of Arterial Input Function in Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI
Blind Multi-Channel Estimation of Ateial Input Function in Dynamic Contast-Enhanced MRI Jiřík R 1,2, Batoš M 2, Standaa M 3, Taxt T 4 1 Institute of Scientific Instuments of the Academy of Sciences of
More informationTHE VALUE OF GRID-SUPPORT PHOTOVOLTAICS IN PROVIDING DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM VOLTAGE SUPPORT 2. OBJECTIVE
THE VALUE OF GRID-SUPPORT PHOTOVOLTAICS IN PROVIDING DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM VOLTAGE SUPPORT T. Hoff and H. J. Wenge Pacific Enegy Goup Walnut Ceek, Califonia USA B. K. Fame Pacific Gas and Electic Company
More informationACCEPTED VERSION. Published version available via DOI:
ACCEPTED VERSION Jinzhe Gong, Mak L Stephens, Nicole S Abon, Aaon C Zecchin, Matin F Lambet, and Angus R Simpson On-site non-invasive condition assessment fo cement mota-lined metallic pipelines by time-domain
More informationOptimal Spatial Design of Capacity and Quantity of Rainwater Harvesting Systems for Urban Flood Mitigation
Wate 2015, 7, 5173-5202; doi:10.3390/w7095173 Aticle OPEN ACCESS wate ISSN 2073-4441 www.mdpi.com/jounal/wate Optimal Spatial Design of Capacity and Quantity of Rainwate Havesting Systems fo Uban Flood
More informationAn Energy-Economy Model to Evaluate the Future Energy Demand-Supply System in Indonesia
An Enegy-Economy Model to Evaluate the Futue Enegy Demand-Supply System in Indonesia Maste Thesis Executive Summay Agus Sugiyono 7493627 Moi Laboatoy Industial Administation Depatment Faculty of Science
More informationDESIGN OF OPTIMAL WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
DESIGN OF OPIMAL WAER DISRIBUION SYSEMS IOAN SÂRBU Politehnica Univesity of imişoaa. Intoduction Distibution netwoks ae an essential pat of all wate supply systems. he eliability of supply is much geate
More informationWet-Weather Flow Characterization for the Rock Creek through Monitoring and Modeling
Wet-Weathe Flow Chaacteization fo the Rock Ceek though Monitoing and Modeling Pogess Repot Pepaed fo DC Wate Resouces Reseach Institute Univesity of the Distict of Columbia Washington DC Pepaed by Padeep
More informationThe impact of velocity on thermal energy storage performance of tube type thermocline tank
Available online www.jocp.com Jounal of Chemical and Phamaceutical Reseach, 2014, 6(6):1620-1624 Reseach Aticle ISSN : 0975-7384 CODEN(USA) : JCPRC5 The impact of velocity on themal enegy stoage pefomance
More informationAnalysis of Electric Stress in High Voltage Cables Containing Voids
Analysis of Electic Stess in High Voltage Cables Containing s Pashant S. Patel M.E. Electical (Powe System), Electical Engg. Dept. Paul Institute of Engg.and Tech., Limda, Waghodia Vial S. Chaudhai Assistant
More informationIndirect Evaporative Cooling: Interaction between Thermal Performance and Room Moisture Balance
Indiect Evapoative Cooling: Inteaction beteen Themal Pefomance and Room Moistue Balance M. Steeman 1, A. Janssens 1, M. De Paepe 2 1 Depatment of Achitectue and Uban Planning, Ghent Univesity - UGent Jozef
More informationSoil Water Retention Curve and Specific Water Capacity for Three Different-Textured Soils
IOSR Jounal of Agicultue and Veteinay Science (IOSR-JAVS) e-issn: 2319-2380, p-issn: 2319-2372. Volume 11, Issue 9 Ve. II (Septembe 2018), PP 43-49 www.iosjounals.og Soil Wate Retention Cuve and Specific
More informationGEO-SLOPE International Ltd, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Salt Flow Example
1 Intoduction Salt Flow Example Total hydaulic head consists o elevation head and pessue head. Pessue head is dependent on the density o the poe luid, which is a unction o both tempeatue and chemical composition.
More informationFOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE TUESDAY, JULY 3, 2012, AT 10:00 A.M. EDT
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE TUESDAY, JULY 3, 2012, AT 10:00 A.M. EDT Chis Savage o Adiana Stoica M3-2 (12)-5 Manufactuing and Constuction Division CB12-121 (301) 763-4832 Full Repot on Manufactues Shipments,
More informationDeveloping the PAGE2002 model with Endogenous Technical Change
Developing the PAGE2002 model with Endogenous Technical Change Stephan Albeth 1 & Chis Hope 2 The Judge Business School, Univesity of Cambidge ABSTRACT. Pesented eseach demonstates the inclusion of endogenous
More informationNumerical Simulation of Gas Tungsten Arc Welding in Different Gaseous Atmospheres. Tashiro, Shinichi; Tanaka, Manabu; Ushio, Masao
Title Autho(s) Numeical Simulation of Gas Tungsten Ac Welding in Diffeent Gaseous Atmosphees Tashio, Shinichi; Tanaka, Manabu; Ushio, Masao Citation Tansactions of JWRI. 3() P.1-P.5 Issue Date 5-1 Text
More informationAquatic Vegetation of Wilkins Lake (DOW ) Aitkin County, Minnesota
Aquatic Vegetation of Wilkins Lake (DOW 01-0102-00) Aitkin County, Minnesota July 27 and 28, 2005 Pepaed by: Kevin Mott Minnesota Depatment of Natual Resouces Aquatic Plant Management Pogam 1601 Minnesota
More informationScienceDirect. Measuring solid liquid interfacial energy by grain boundary groove profile method (GBG)
Available online at www.sciencediect.com ScienceDiect Mateials Today: Poceedings 2S (215 ) S36 S313 Joint 3d UK-China Steel Reseach Foum & 15th CMA-UK Confeence on Mateials Science and Engineeing Measuing
More informationNumerical Investigation on Counter Flow Injection of Waste Gas into Thermal Plasma Jet
68 Intenational Jounal of Plasma Envionmental Science & Technology, Vol 6, No 1, MARCH 01 Numeical Investigation on Counte Flow Injection of Waste Gas into Themal Plasma Jet S Choi 1, K-S Choi, D-W Pak
More informationEnterprise Systems and Revenue Recognition: The Missing Link FINANCIAL EXECUTIVE BENCHMARKING SURVEY. Enterprise Systems Edition
- Entepise Systems and Revenue Recognition: The Missing Link FINANCIAL EXECUTIVE BENCHMARKING SURVEY Entepise Systems Edition TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Executive Summay... 2 The Impact of Revenue
More informationMarket Potential and Distance Decay
Maket Potential and Distance Decay Gowth and decline of sectos acoss locations in uban egions Johan Klaesson Böje Johansson CESIS and CEnSE Jönköping Intenational Business School and the Royal Institute
More information10.2% 2.5% FY19 to FY21
POWER PRICES FALLING OVERALL RESIDENTIAL FY19 to FY21 10.2% Rising 2.5% FY19 to FY21 GR FY19 to FY21 2.1% PO L Falling CHEME PR NS IC E E Rising ES Falling WIRES P AND RI S E S CE TION PRI CE ERA N E S
More informationFOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE MONDAY, DECEMBER 5, 2011, AT 10:00 A.M. EST
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE MONDAY, DECEMBER 5, 2011, AT 10:00 A.M. EST Chis Savage o Adiana Stoica Manufactuing and Constuction Division (301) 763-4832 Full Repot on Manufactues Shipments, Inventoies and Odes
More informationModelling salt accumulation in an oval irrigated with recycled water
2th Intenational Congess on Modelling and Simulation, Adelaide, Austalia, 1 6 Decembe 213 www.mssanz.og.au/modsim213 Modelling salt accumulation in an oval iigated with ecycled wate M.M. Rahman a, D. Hagae
More informationmachine design, Vol.6(2014) No.3, ISSN pp
machine design, Vol.6(2014) No.3, ISSN 1821-1259 pp. 85-90 CALCULATION OF RADIAL STIFFNESS FOR SINGLE-ROW BALL BEARING WITH FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Ivana ATANASOVSKA 1 * - Radivoje MITROVIC 2 - Sonja STEFANOVIC
More informationThe Research of Risk Management in Two Non-Independent IT System
J. Sevice Science & Management, 00, 3, 8-85 doi:0.436/jssm.00.30 Published Online June 00 (http://www.scirp.og/jounal/jssm) 8 The Reseach of Risk Management in Two Non-Independent IT System Zhe in,, unfei
More informationWhakatu Arterial Link Planning Assessment. June 2014
Planning Assessment Pepaed Fo: Hastings Distict Council Pivate Bag 9002 Hastings June 2014 Pepaed By Envionmental Management Sevices Limited PO Box 149 NAPIER E N V I R O N M E N T A L M A N A G E M E
More informationChamber Technology Goals Used in APEX to Calibrate New Ideas and Measure Progress
Chambe Technology Goals Used in APEX to Calibate New Ideas and Measue Pogess 1. High Powe Density Capability Aveage/Peak Neuton Wall Load ~ 7 / 10 MW/m 2 Aveage/Peak Heat Flux ~ 1.4 / 2 MW/m 2 (80% of
More informationABSTRACT. Professor Ashwani K. Gupta Department of Mechanical Engineering
ABSTRACT Title of Document: HIGH TEMPERATURE STEAM GASIFICATION OF SOLID WASTES: CHARACTERISTICS AND KINETICS Islam Ahmed Gomaa, Docto of Philosophy, Diected by: Pofesso Ashwani K. Gupta Depatment of Mechanical
More informationWater Management of Heat Pump System for Hot Water Supply in a Medium Size Hospital
Wate Management of Heat Pump System fo Hot Wate Supply in a Medium Size Hospital Chih-Chiu Shen, Jau-Huai Lu, and Wu-Hui Chuo Abstact A heat pump system has been used in this study to eplace a natual gas
More information4 STRUCTURAL MODELLING
4 STRUCTURAL ODELLING Joint behaviou has a significant effect on the esponse of the stuctual fame and must be included in both the global analysis and design. The types of joint modelling with espect to
More informationCYCLIC TRIAXIAL TESTING OF FULLY AND PARTIALLY SATURATED SOIL AT SILCHAR
4 th Intenational Confeence on Eathquake Geotechnical Engineeing June 25-28, 27 Pape No. 1194 CYCLIC TRIAXIAL TESTING OF FULLY AND PARTIALLY SATURATED SOIL AT SILCHAR Sanjay PAUL 1, Ashim Kanti DEY 2 ABSTRACT
More informationSIMILARITY SOLUTION ON UNSTEADY AXI-SYMMETRIC VISCOUS BOUNDARY LAYER FLOW
SIMILARITY SOLUTION ON UNSTEADY AXI-SYMMETRIC VISCOUS BOUNDARY LAYER FLOW *P. Sulochana Depatment of Mathematics, Intell Engineeing College, Ananthapuamu *Autho fo Coespondence ABSTRACT In this pape, we
More informationThe 23 rd. Corresponding author: Tel ,
The 3 d Confeence of the Mechanical Engineeing Netwok of Thailand Novembe 4 7, 009, Chiang Mai Eos Compaison of aious Flow elocity Convesion Methods fo Tubulent Flow in Cicula Pipe Khajonsak Jeenkhajon
More informationNEW BACKFILLING MATERIAL FOR UNDERGROUND POWER CABLE
NEW BACKFILLING MATERIAL FOR UNDERGROUND POWER CABLE Abdul Hamid ELBAKLY Alexandia Electicity Distibution Company - Egypt Mail tolls @ global net. com. eg ABSTRACT Cuent caying capacity [C.C.C.] of undegound
More informationFig. 1; Study Area, Source (PPC), Meteorological Stations (Souda and Airport) and Modeling Domain.
ON THE SENSITIVITY OF AERMOD TO SURFACE PARAMETERS UNDER VARIOUS ANEMOLOGICAL CONDITIONS Geoge Kavounis, Despina Deligiogi and Kostas Philippopoulos National and Kapodistian Univesity of Athens, Depatment
More informationFUZZY LOGIC BASED UAV ALLOCATION AND COORDINATION
FUZZY LOGIC BASED UAV ALLOCATION AND COORDINATION James F. Smith III, ThanhVu H. Nguyen Code 57, Naval Reseach Laboatoy, Washington, DC, 0375-530, USA james.smith@nl.navy.mil Keywods Abstact decision suppot
More informationTheoretical Investigation on Condensing Characteristics of Air and Oil Vapor Mixtures
Pudue Univesity Pudue e-pubs Intenational Refigeation and Ai Conditioning Confeence School of Mechanical Engineeing 2008 Theoetical Investigation on Condensing Chaacteistics of Ai and Oil Vapo Mixtues
More informationResource manager for an autonomous coordinated team of UAVs
Resouce manage fo an autonomous coodinated team of UAVs James F. Smith III, ThanhVu H. Nguyen Naval Reseach Laboatoy, Code 574, Washington, D.C., 20375-5000 ABSTRACT A ecently developed fuzzy logic esouce
More informationOPTIMIZATION OF FILLER METALS CONSUMPTION IN THE PRODUCTION OF WELDED STEEL STRUCTURES
DOI: 10.1515/adms 016 0003 K. Pańcikiewicz, L. Tuz, Z. Żuek, Ł. Rakoczy AGH Univesity of Science and Technology in Kakow, Faculty Metals Engineeing and Industial Compute Science, Depatment of Physical
More information*** NOTICE *** PUBLIC NOTICE UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA DEVELOPMENT AND DISPOSAL PLANS GAKONA, ALASKA
*** NOTICE *** PUBLIC NOTICE UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA DEVELOPMENT AND DISPOSAL PLANS GAKONA, ALASKA The Univesity of Alaska ( Univesity ) is seeking public comments egading the development of land fo mateial
More informationChapter 5 Holes and notches Contents
Chapte 5 Holes and notches Contents 5 Holes and notches... 2 5.1 End notched beams... 2 5.2 Reinocement o end notched beams... 3 5.2.1 Intenal einocement o end notched beams... 4 5.2.2 Extenal einocement
More informationPower Module Installation Notes for TELP Series
e Powe High Pefomance and Highly Reliable Solution Powe Notes fo TELP1-12662-0.9 Seies The powe module has lage emal expansion. When e module is unning and cycling ove lage tempeatue diffeence, e pope
More informationASSESSMENT OF MATERIAL BEHAVIOUR AND STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY OF ENGINEERING STRUCTURES BASED ON R6 PROCEDURE
DOI: 10.2478/adms-2013-0017 P. G. ossakowski ielce Univesit of Technolog, Facult of Civil Engineeing and Achitectue, Chai of Stength of Mateials and Concete Stuctues, Tsiąclecia Państwa Polskiego 7, 25-314
More informationOptimization of the Brass Melting
ARCHIVES of FOUNDRY ENGINEERING DOI: 10.2478/afe-2014-0051 Published quately as the ogan of the Foundy Commission of the Polish Academy of Sciences ISSN (2299-2944) Volume 14 Issue 3/2014 5 10 Optimization
More informationEmad Alhseinat and Roya Sheikholeslami
An Application fo New Reliable Appoach to Pedict the Onset of Baite, Celestite and Gypsum Scaling duing Revese Osmosis Teatment fo Poduced Wate Emad Alhseinat and Roya Sheikholeslami Abstact Revese osmosis
More informationInterindustry Wage Differentials, Technology. Adoption, and Job Polarization
Inteindusty Wage Diffeentials, Technology Adoption, and Myungkyu Shim Hee-Seung Yang Abstact Using data on the U.S., we find that high-wage industies in 1980 expeienced (1) moe evident job polaization
More informationMULTI-OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION OF PLANNING ELECTRICITY GENERATION AND CO 2 MITIGATION STRATEGIES INCLUDING ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL RISK
MULTI-OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION OF PLANNING ELECTRICITY GENERATION AND CO 2 MITIGATION STRATEGIES INCLUDING ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL RISK Jee-Hoon Han and In-Beum Lee * Depatment of Chemical Engineeing POSTECH
More informationAn Approach to Classify the Risk of Operating Nuclear Power Plants Case Study: Neckarwestheim Unit 1 and Unit 2
An Appoach to Classify the Risk of Opeating Nuclea Powe Plants Case Study: Neckawestheim Unit 1 and Unit 2 A. Stohm a*, L. Ehlkes a, W. Schwaz a, M. Khatib-Rahba b, M. Zavisca b, and D. Rittig c a EnBW
More informationAnnual Review APPLICATIONS AND STATISTICAL PROPERTIES OF MINIMUM SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE-BASED CRITERION TESTING IN A TOXICITY TESTING PROGRAM
Envionmental Toxicology and Chemisty, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 113 117, 000 Pinted in the USA 07-78/00 $9.00.00 Annual Review APPLICATIONS AND STATISTICAL PROPERTIES OF MINIMUM SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE-BASED
More informationWater molecule hydrogen bond. Water molecules stick to each other because of the hydrogen bonds that form between them.
3 Wate,TH.E CHEMSTRY..OF LFE POLARTY OF WATER Wate molecules consist of two hydogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. The hydogen atoms have a slight positive chage and the oxygen atom has a slight negative
More informationSuite 206, 5102-St A ye, Vellowknife, NT XIA 3S8 Phone (867) Fax (867)
NORTHWEST TERRITORIES HYDRO CORPORATION Suite, 5-St A ye, Vellowknife, NT XIA S8 Phone (87) 7-5084 Fax (87) -5 Heidi Wiebe, Plan Delopment Lead Sahtu Land Use Planning Boad P.O. Box 5 Fot Good Hope, NT
More informationHyperCoat CTPM125 EN
HypeCoat EN CEATIZIT secets of success Secets of success CEATIZIT is you patne fo exceptional had mateial solutions. Had mateials and tools fom CEATIZIT - ou solutions to complex poblems ae an integal
More informationRe-Designing a Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty Program via Linkage
Re-Designing a Custome Satisfaction and Loyalty Pogam via Linkage Pesented by: Lezlee Danne Roche Diagnostics IIR Linking Custome Satisfaction to Custome Pofitability Febuay 16-18, 2005 Agenda Roche Diagnostics
More informationTC burrs for tough applications especially in foundries, dockyards and steel constructions
TC bus fo tough applications especially in foundies, dockyads and steel constuctions High-pefomance cuts THOUGH, THOUGH-S TRUST BLUE Innovative high-pefomance cuts poviding exceptional impact esistance
More informationThe impact of technology innovation on green chemistry and lowcarbon
vailable online www.jocp.com Jounal of Chemical and Phamaceutical Reseach, 214, 6(6):539-543 Reseach ticle ISSN : 975-7384 CODEN(US) : JCPRC5 The impact of technology innovation on geen chemisty and lowcabon
More informationInvestigation of a Dual-Bed Autothermal Reforming of Methane for Hydrogen Production
Investigation of a Dual-Bed Autothemal Refoming of Methane fo Hydogen Poduction Amonchai Aponwichanop *, Manatsanan Wasuleewan, Yaneepon Patchaavoachot, and Suttichai Assabumungat Depatment of Chemical
More informationIMPROVEMENTS IN PROCEDURAL BLANKS AT NOSAMS: REFLECTIONS OF IMPROVEMENTS IN SAMPLE PREPARATION AND ACCELERATOR OPERATION
IMPROVEMENTS IN PROCEDURAL BLANKS AT NOSAMS: REFLECTIONS OF IMPROVEMENTS IN SAMPLE PREPARATION AND ACCELERATOR OPERATION A. P. McNICHOL A. R. GAGNON E. A. OSBORNE D. L. HU?TON K. F. VON REDEN and R. J.
More informationAnalytical and Numerical Design Analysis of Concentric Tube Heat Exchangers A Review
IOP Confeence Seies: Mateials Science and Engineeing PAPER OPEN ACCESS Analytical and Numeical Design Analysis of Concentic Tube Heat Exchanges A Review To cite this aticle: Kathik Silaipillayaputhu et
More informationIntrinsic Viscosity Measurement for Optimal Therapeutic Formulation
Intinsic Viscosity Measuement fo Optimal Theapeutic Fomulation Optimization of candidate monoclonal antibodies (mab) is an essential step in the development of theapeutic fomulations. Injectability is
More informationEffect of Water and Nitrogen Stresses on Correlation among Winter Wheat Organs
Effect of Wate and Nitogen Stesses on Coelation among Winte Wheat Ogans Zhou Xin-Yang, Wang Yang-Ren To cite this vesion: Zhou Xin-Yang, Wang Yang-Ren. Effect of Wate and Nitogen Stesses on Coelation among
More informationADDENDUM 2. Harriman Back Tax Properties Demolition Harriman, Tennessee Bid Number: /101 S&ME PROJECT NO A
ADDENDUM 2 Harriman Back Tax Properties Demolition Harriman, Tennessee Bid Number: 2015-40/101 S&ME POJECT NO. Owner: oane County Purchasing Department 200 East ace Street Kingston, TN 37763 ISSUED: June
More informationMulti-year Expert Meeting on Transport, Trade Logistics and Trade Facilitation:
Multi-yea Expet Meeting on Tanspot, Tade Logistics and Tade Facilitation: Second session: Tade facilitation ules as a tade enable: options and equiements Geneva, 1 3 July 2014 ENABLING TRADE THROUGH TRADE
More informationADVANCEMENT OF BRIDGE HEALTH MONITORING BASED ON DISTRIBUTED FIBER OPTIC SENSORS
Abstact ADVANCEMENT OF BRIDGE HEALTH MONITORING BASED ON DISTRIBUTED FIBER OPTIC SENSORS Zhishen Wu 1, Suzhen Li and Koichi Yokoyama 3 Ove the past few yeas, ou lab has caied out a seies of studies based
More informationVIBRATING METAL MELTS SOLUTION COMPACTION WALL CASTINGS
VIBRATING METAL MELTS SOLUTION COMPACTION WALL CASTINGS I. MĂRGINEAN, B. FLOREA, B.Al. VERDEŞ UNIVERSITY POLITEHNICA BUCHAREST ABSTRACT: Compacting casted pats and educing the bliste on the solidification
More informationQuantitative Models to Study the Soil Porosity
Open Jounal of Moden Hydology, 016, 6, 53-6 http://www.scip.og/jounal/ojmh ISSN Online: 163-0496 ISSN Pint: 163-0461 Quantitative Models to Study the Soil Poosity as Function of Soil Resistivity M. Juandi
More informationBay Area, is now in agricultural production (see Figures 1 and 2). Oat hay and its fermented derivative,
- Chapte 2 AGRCULTURE N THE NAPA MARSH AND TS MPACT ON THE NORTH BAY ECONOMY Deboah A. Reagan ntoduction Appoximately one half of the Napa Mash, once one of the lagest wetland systems in the San Fancisco
More informationAvailable online at ScienceDirect. Procedia Engineering 122 (2015 )
Available online at www.sciencediect.com ScienceDiect Pocedia Engineeing 122 (2015 ) 151 157 Opeational Reseach in Sustainable Development and Civil Engineeing - meeting of EURO woking goup and 15th Geman-Lithuanian-Polish
More informationPreventing Pollution at Hot Mix Asphalt Plants
Peventing Pollution at Hot Mix Asphalt Plants A Guide to Envionmental Compliance and Pollution Pevention fo Asphalt Plants in Missoui MISSOURI DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES 1-800-361-4827 http://www.dn.state.mo.us
More informationAssessment of Existing Structures Using Cyclic Load Testing
Assessment of Existing Stuctues Using Cyclic Load Testing Case studies illustate pocedues ecommended in ACI Committee 437 epot By Taek Alkhdaji Nestoe Galati and antonio nanni When a building is enovated
More informationSURFACE TENSION OF LIQUID MARBLES, AN EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH
SURFACE TENSION OF LIQUID MARBLES, AN EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Tina Abatan, Wei Shen 1 1 Austalian Pulp and Pape Institute, Depatment of Chemical Engineeing, Monash Univesity, Clayton, 3800, Austalia, Wei.shen@monash.edu
More informationProduction Policies of Perishable Product and Raw Materials
Poduction Policies of Peishable Poduct and Raw Mateials Yu-Hsuan Lin, Jei-Zheng Wu, and Jinshyang Roan Depatment of Business Administation, Soochow Univesity 56, Section, Kuei-yang Steet, aipei 0048, aiwan,
More informationBusiness Law Curriculum Coordination at Berkeley Law (Boalt Hall) For last several (~10) years
Univesity of Califonia, a, Bekeley eley The Bekeley Tansactional Pactice Poject Pof. Eic L. Talley UC Bekeley etalley@law.bekeley.edu Competencies / Skills Suvey; 2014 1 Backgound Business Law Cuiculum
More informationProgress towards Modeling Red Tides and Algal Blooms
Pogess towads Modeling Red Tides and Algal Blooms Maxim Lowe College of the Atlantic Ba Habo, ME 04609 mlowe@coa.edu Novembe 23, 2014 Abstact Conditions in the ocean sometimes allow specific species to
More informationTHE GOODS MARKET AND REAL BUSINESS CYCLES
CHAPTER 11 THE GOODS MARKET AND REAL BUSINESS CCLES It is now time to put togethe ou analyses of consumption, investment, and the labo maket into a simple model of the economy. This simple model focuses
More informationThe Prediction of Nominal and Off-design Characteristics of Economised Vapour Injection Scroll Compressor-driven Heat Pump
Te Pediction of Nominal and Off-design Caacteistics of Economised Vapou Injection Scoll Compesso-diven Heat Pump Min Q. Nguyen 1* and Neil J. Heitt 2 1 College of Tecnology, Univesity of Danang, Danang
More informationStacking Spheres. The dimensions of a tetrahedron. The basic structure of a stack of spheres is a tetrahedron.
Stacking Sphees The dimensions of a tetahedon The basic stuctue of a stack of sphees is a tetahedon. The dimensions of a tetahedon of unit side ae as follows: Now the volume of a pyamid is 1/6 th of the
More information1975; Motto et al_.,1969; Albasel and Cottenie, 1984). Metal accumulations in roadside mice are also
Chapte 1 METAL CONTAMINATION IN SOIL AT AQUATIC PARK Janet MacDonell The San Fancisco Bay ecosystem is highly vulneable to the distubances of human activity. With continued development and population gowth,
More informationOut-of-Merit-Order Dispatch
Out-of-Meit-Ode Dispatch A Maket Cleaing Engine Co-Optimisation Study By Lu Feiyu Senio Maket Analyst Oiginal Publication Date: Januay 2005 A Maket Cleaing Engine Co-Optimisation Study About the Autho
More information