Achieving ASHRAE 90.1 and with Armstrong Design Envelope Green Building Solutions

Transcription

1 Armstrong Fluid Technology ASHRAE QATAR ORYX CHAPTER - Seminar 2014 Achieving ASHRAE 90.1 and with Armstrong Design Envelope Green Building Solutions

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3 Armstrong Core Competencies Heat Transfer Fluid Flow Variable Speed Demand Based Control Integrated Solutions Pumping Units Integrated Fluid Management Integrated Plant Packages Re-Commissioning and Service Optimum Life-Cycle Building Performance

4 Agenda Peter Wolff: Exceeding ASHRAE 90.1 Best-practices in Pump Applications Demand-based Pump Controls Rajmohan Govindraj: Exceeding ASHRAE Demand-based Plant Controls

5 Design Envelope selection method HVAC is a global part-load industry London Heathrow Los Angeles Qatar 10%-60% of design load 90% of the time Toronto Canada Berlin Germany Worldwide

6 ASHRAE Standard ASHRAE 90.1 is an energy standard for buildings It provides the minimum requirements for the energyefficient design of buildings Most North American building codes have adopted ASHRAE 90.1 standards The 2010 version is expected to be adopted by North American building codes on October 18, 2013

7 ASHRAE Hydronic system design and control Hydronic variable flow systems Individual chilled water pumps serving variable flow systems having motors exceeding 5hp (3.7kW) shall have controls and / or devices (Such as variable speed control) that will result in pump motor demand of no more than 30% of design wattage at 50% of design water flow Note that the ASHRAE requirement starts at 5hp (3.7kW) motors. Compare this to the 2007 version which started at 50hp (37kW) Progress to all pumps 1hp (0.75kW) and over having integrated controls

8 Building load profile Pumps should be designed for BEST EFFICIENCY operation here. Traditional pumps are designed for best efficiency operation here.

9 ASHRAE System balancing Hydronic systems shall be proportionately balanced in a manner to first minimize throttling losses; then the pump impeller shall be trimmed or speed adjusted to meet design flow conditions

10 Why have throttling ability in variable flow system? Head/Pressure Spee d 2 Spee d 1 D C A = Design Point B = Actual Site Duty Point C = Reduced Speed without throttling D = Reduced Speed with Throttling A System Resista nce B Flow Triple duty valves Isolates pump Check feature Throttle AVAILABLE if system is outside pump operation Reducing speed will not achieve this Use on all pumps 90 elbow when needed

11 ASHRAE Pipe sizing All chilled water and condenser water piping shall be designed such that the flow rate shall not exceed the values listed in table for the appropriate total annual hours of operation. Separated into 2 categories 1. Variable flow/variable speed systems 2. All other (constant flow) systems

12 ASHRAE Table Pipe sizing

13 ASHRAE Pipe sizing Example: 1400 USgpm 90.1 Standard Pipe Variable Constant 12 Another example of cost savings from variable speed, Design Envelope pumps: 10" pipe x 100 ft long = $4,640 pipe cost 12" pipe x 100 ft long = $5,260 pipe cost A $620 (or 12%) savings can be found with using smaller pipe - another reason that all pumps over 1 hp (.75 kw) should have integrated controls.

14 HVAC pump requirements in ASHRAE 90.1 Energy savings through: Flow control Balancing Pipe sizing

15 3 Basic pump configurations Horizontal split case End suction Vertical in-line

16 Horizontal split case Coupling Outlet Inlet Bedplate

17 Horizontal split case vertically mounted Coupling Outlet Inlet Bedplate

18 Horizontal Split Case - top suction and discharge Inlet Outlet Bedplate Coupling

19 End suction pump Outlet Coupling Inlet Bedplate

20 Split coupled Vertical in-line No Bedplate Coupling Outlet Inlet

21 Vertical in-line Armstrong recommends this configuration be used up to 7.5 hp only (Design Envelope 5 hp only) due to weight and handling of motors during seal changes.

22 Which is the best configuration for the application?

23 Consider six major criteria A. Floor space B. Ease of installation C. Maintainability D. Reliability E. Energy costs F. Sustainability Product Life Cycle

24 Floor space End Suction / Horizontal Split Case and variations Inertia base typically extends 6 or more around the pump bedplate

25 Floor space Vertical Inline Can be suspended in ceiling requiring no floor space Supports No supports Can be installed with or without supports Space under pumps always accessible for cleaning or maintenance Use long radius elbow if space extra tight

26 Floor space (500 USgpm/90ft) VIL 50% less floor space than end Suction 3 pump system: Savings 14.1 ft $150/ft 2 is $2,115 End suction (28.5 ft 2 ) Vertical In-line (14.4 ft 2 )

27 Floor space (500 USgpm/90ft) VIL 78% less floor space than HSC 3 pump system: Savings 51.9 ft $150/ft 2 is $7,785 Horizontal split case (66.0 ft 2 ) Vertical In-line (14.4 ft 2 )

28 VIL replacing HSC

29 Floor space (500 USgpm/90ft) VIL 66% less floor space than HSC turned Vertically 3 pump system: Savings 27.6 ft $150/ft 2 is $4,140 Horizontal split case (42.0 ft 2 vertically mounted) Vertical In-line (14.4 ft 2 )

30 Floor space (500 USgpm/90ft) VIL 60% less floor space than HSC (top suction top discharge) 3 pump system: Savings 21.6 ft $150/ft 2 is $3,240 Horizontal split case (36.0 ft 2 top suction and discharge) Vertical In- Line Vertical In-line (14.4 ft 2 )

31 Floor space Vertical In-Line pumps typically use 1/4 floor space of equivalent HSC design units Consultant Flack + Kurtz inc. Battery Park, New York City Installed in the 80 s

32 Floor space 1/4 floor space HICSA Mexico Design Built Contractor Ford Plant, Mexico

33 Floor space Southern Air Design Build Contractor

34 Floor space Enwave, Toronto 16x16x15 350hp ( kW) TMP Toronto

35 Floor space Allows for direct connection to equipment: To chiller To heat exchanger

36 Consider six major criteria A. Floor space - Vertical 50 to 78% less B. Ease of installation C. Maintainability D. Reliability E. Energy costs F. Sustainability Product Life Cycle

37 Ease of installation Coupling re-alignment Grouting Inertia pad Concrete base Flex connectors

38 Ease of installation: Base mounted end suction pump Typical cost required 8 Pump Inertia base spring mounts $3660 Flex connectors $ 500 Grout and alignment $1600 Extra cost to install $5,760

39 Ease of installation: Base mounted split case pump Typical cost required 8 Pump Inertia base spring mounts $5,740 Flex connectors $500 Grout and alignment $2,100 Extra cost to install $8,340

40 Ease of installation: Vertical In-Line pump Typical cost required 8 Pump No Inertia Base 0 No Spring Mounts 0 (Base snubbers only for seismic applications) No flex connectors 0 No grout or alignment 0 Extra cost to install 0

41 Ease of installation

42 Ease of installation Piping cost Length of pipe $225,975 $128, ft (2751/100=27.51x 3 tdh=82.53 tdh) 1723 ft (1723/100=17.23x 3 tdh=51.69 tdh) Savings $97,015 (= 43%) 1028 ft

43 Ease of installation Economical VIL Seismic Mounting

44 Consider six major criteria A. Floor space - Vertical B. Ease of installation - Vertical save > $5,760 C. Maintainability D. Reliability E. Energy costs F. Sustainability cradle to grave

45 Maintainability Split coupled Vertical In-Line Features: Critical item is the mechanical seal Seal can be replaced in 20 minutes to 1 Hour for an 8 pump Rabbet motor fit means no alignment necessary

46 Maintainability: Savings (Edmonton Airport) Particularly important with Design Envelope pumps $8200 annual savings due to faster mechanical seal changes

47 Maintainability: Base mounted Impeller must be removed and reinstalled to change seal Realignment always necessary Seal can be replaced in 8 hours (estimated) in 8 pump An extra 7 hours or $700

48 Maintainability: Split case horizontal Features: 2 seals to maintain and 2 bearings to remove and replace Realignment always Necessary Inboard seal can be replaced in an estimated 6 hours in an 8 pump An extra 5 hours required per seal or $500

49 Maintainability: HSC vertically mounted Features: 2 seals to maintain and 2 bearings to remove and replace Water leakage problems persist with bottom bearing housing Top of casing weighs 225 lbs. in a 8 pump Seal can be replaced in an estimated 16 hours in 8 Pump An extra 15 hours or $1,500 per seal required

50 Maintainability: HSC top suction, top discharge 2 seals to maintain and 2 bearings to remove and replace Realignment always necessary Inboard seal can be replaced in an estimated 6 hours in 8 pump An extra 5 hours required per seal or $500

51 Consider six major criteria A. Floor space - Vertical B. Ease of installation Vertical C. Maintainability - Vertical - $500 - $1500 less D. Reliability E. Energy costs F. Sustainability cradle to grave

52 Reliability The vertical configuration has been proven in thousands of installations for over 50 years Horsepower is available up to 1250 hp and discharge sizes available larger than 20

53 Reliability: Armstrong VIL 1960 / 70 s All major competitors have now copied the Armstrong VIL concept for HVAC pumping 2180 Yonge installation see pumps circa Still relevant for present day Add Sustainability concerns Vertical In-Line (VIL) Pump. Circa: 1970

54 Reliability Vertical Pump runs vibration free End Suction Vertical HSC 10 hp hp in/sec rms unfiltered hsc highest vibration Source - Hydraulic Institute

55 Reliability Pump runs vibration free VIL maximum above pipe, reduces down to casing and then any residual attenuated by piping system Horizontal maximum hard mounted to baseplate Requires inertia base and springs Source - Hydraulic Institute

56 Reliability Pump runs vibration free Rotating motor is above the pump Makes Hydraulic Institute vibration requirement Flat edge coin will stand on end while pump is operating

57 Reliability Atlantic Station, Atlanta 14 (350mm) pumps 450hp (335kW) Engineer: Barrett, Woodyard & Associates, Inc. (BWA) Design/Build Contractor: Mallory & Evans Inc.

58 Reliability University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine 20x20x19 600hp 6P Engineering Firm: Newcomb & Boyd Atlanta Contractor: John J Kirlin Ft. Lauderdale

59 Reliability Centrifugal Pumps Failure Rate Versus Pump Type Shell Limited 150 Vertical In-Line 58% more reliable than Base Mounted Drive Others Drive Bearings Pump Others Pump Closure Pump Bearings Horizontal Vertical

60 Consider six major criteria A. Floor space - Vertical B. Ease of installation - Vertical C. Maintainability - Vertical D. Reliability - Vertical 58% more reliable E. Energy costs F. Sustainability cradle to grave

61 Efficiency End suction pumps uses single suction impellers, HSC uses double suction impeller VIL uses the same impellers Single suction to 10, double suction, double volute12 to 20 Efficiency varies by 0.1 percentage point depending on casing hydraulic turns Efficiency of the pump types are basically the same

62 Energy costs Pipe Length reduction Less pipe = less friction loss resulting in operating cost savings: $6,600 (est. from TDH reduction) Pipe energy loss Savings 37% Length of pipe 2751 ft (2751/100=27.51x 3 tdh=82.53 tdh) 1723 ft (1723/100=17.23x 3 tdh=51.69 tdh) 1028 ft

63 Consider six major criteria A. Floor space - Vertical B. Ease of installation - Vertical C. Maintainability - Vertical D. Reliability - Vertical E. Energy costs - Vertical 37% less pipe loss F. Sustainability cradle to grave

64 Sustainability Product Life cycle: Carbon footprint VIL no house keeping pad No inertia base Required for both end suction and horizontal split case

65 Sustainability Product Life Cycle: Carbon footprint Carbon footprint of concrete For typical 8 HSC pump 2 metric tons is used 160 kgs of CO2 All the concrete then goes into landfill when the building is demolished

66 Consider six major criteria A. Floor space - Vertical B. Ease of installation - Vertical C. Maintainability - Vertical D. Reliability - Vertical E. Energy costs - Vertical F. Sustainability Product Life cycle - Vertical

67 Consider six major criteria A. Floor space B. Ease of installation C. Maintainability D. Reliability E. Energy costs F. Sustainability Vertical Values escalate exponentially with integrated controls

68 Design Envelope Vertical Inline Pumping

69 The three fundamental Design Envelope elements Enabling Technologies Digital Integrated controls On-board intelligence Economical variablespeed inverters Factory configuration Modeling Selection software In-house 3D design Economical control logic

70 The three fundamental Design Envelope elements Design Envelope Capabilities Enabling Technologies Demand-based control All variable load/speed Plug and play BMSready/-independent Sensorless / Sensoring Commissioning by controls, selfregulating / continuous commissioning Automatic data/metering Internal diagnostics (incl. data storage) Increased sweet spot Digital Integrated controls On-board intelligence Economical variablespeed inverters Factory configuration Modeling Selection software In-house 3D design Economical control logic

71 The three fundamental Design Envelope elements Design Envelope Capabilities Design Envelope equipment Enabling Technologies Demand-based control All variable load/speed Plug and play BMSready/-independent Sensorless / Sensoring Commissioning by controls, selfregulating/ continuous commissioning Automatic data/metering Internal diagnostics (incl. data storage) Increased sweet spot Pumps Domestic Water Boosters Integrated Plant Package Modular Boiler System Intelligent Fluid Management Systems Circulators Digital Integrated controls On-board intelligence Economical variablespeed inverters Factory configuration Modeling Selection software In-house 3D design Economical control logic

72 Design Envelope selection method HVAC is a global part-load industry London Heathrow Los Angeles Bahrain 10%-60% of design load 90% of the time Toronto Canada Berlin Germany Worldwide

73 Design Envelope solution Selections save energy and cost Traditional Variable Speed Design Envelope 100 mm pump 80 mm pump η% η % Traditional pump with design point to the left of BEP Design Envelope pump with design point to the right of BEP Design point 72% 68% Average load 68% 74% Design Envelope selection is often smaller and in a typical example saves 7% in pump cost and 9% in energy costs

74 Design Envelope Ease of selection Preferred Envelope Equipment design envelopes

75 Take the Load Off

76 Design Envelope Sensorless Control

77 Sensorless control - Detailed Head Power S2 System Curve 2 S1 System Curve Traditional Sensorless Control P2 1 P1 Original System Curve S2 S1 Flow Operating point is wherever pump pump performance, curve system intersects resistance system and control resistance curves curve converge How do we get from 1 to 2? 1 Satisfied Flow & Head Operating Point (S1 System Curve) S1 Operating Speed pump curve P1 Power at current flow & head 2 Satisfied Flow & Head Operating Point (S2 System Curve) S2 Operating Speed pump curve P2 Power at current flow & head

78 Sensorless control - Detailed Sensorless data Original System Curve Flow (gpm) Head (ft) Power (bhp) Freq. (Hz) S2 System Curve 1 Constant speed S2 System Curve How we get from 1 to 2 2 S1 System Curve S1 Speed is stable at 1 until system control valves (CV) modulate. System has CV modulating closed resulting in a steeper S2 system curve Reverses as CVs open S2

79 Integrated Sensorless control Values and benefits: Operating cost saving opportunities Based on 6 40hp unit Power Energy Savings A Constant speed throttled Incremental Cumulative B Reduced speed unthrottled constant flow % 15% C Reduced constant speed variable flow % 40% D Variable speed variable flow Mech. Room Sensor % 55% E Integrated Control Sensorless % 77% Exceeds ASHRAE 90.1 requirements

80 Integrated Pump Systems Design Envelope Pumps For Every Application ARMSTRONG Integrated Pump System controller IPS4000 Integrated Plant Control IPC9511 IPC9521

81 Integrated Pump Systems Some Key Definitions Primary Only Systems (CPF & VPF) Primary Secondary Systems (CPVS, VPVS)

82 Integrated Pump Systems Objectives Occupant Comfort 2 way or 3 way valves Pumps provide a head pressure for valve authority on flow control Energy Savings During part load operation Reduce pump energy with variable flow and pump speed Improve system delta T for performance of other equipment

83 Integrated Pump Systems Converting 3-Way Valve Constant Flow Systems An Easier Implementation IPS4000 pump control can adjust based on return temperature zones to regulate pump speed. Pumps can be made variable flow based on return temperature signal Flow and system dp received from Design Envelope pumps NOC received from BMS

84 Integrated Pump Systems Converting 3-Way Valve Constant Flow Systems CHW reset Implementation IPS4000 pump control can adjust based on temperature difference of zones to regulate pump speed control. Flow and system dp received from Design Envelope pumps NOC received from BMS

85 Integrated Pump Systems IPS way Valve Conversion Economics Design Day Load 450 ton design day % ann avg load 45 % % delta T maintained 80% % INR / kw-hr 7 INR system head 80 ft design delta T 6.67 deg C design flow 900 usgpm Annual hours 7000 HR/YEAR # duty chillers 3 # of duty pumps 3

86 Integrated Pump Systems IPS way Valve Conversion Economics Pump Power Draw (kw) at % Load Operating point

87 Integrated Pump Systems IPS way Valve Conversion Economics Annual Energy Consumed (kw-hr) at % Load Operating point Pump speeds are lower Valve position are giving better authority and less resistance Pumps operate at a more efficient point on their curves

88 Integrated Pump Systems IPS way Valve Conversion Economics Pump Energy Analysis base case IPS4000 Savings Savings 3-way valve Temp Control Percent CS pump VS pump kw-hrs % INR INR 674,131 INR 326,257 INR 347,874 Chiller Savings at 0.9 kw/ton base case IPS4000 Savings Savings 3-way valve Temp Control CS pump VS pump kw-hrs % INR INR 172,559 INR 83,513 INR 89,046 TOTAL PLANT SAVINGS base case IPS4000 Savings Savings 3-way valve Temp Control CS pump VS pump kw-hrs % INR INR 846,690 INR 409,770 INR 436,921 Retrofit Project INR 800,000 Payback Period on 450 ton plant <24 months

89 Integrated Pump Systems Two Way Variable Flow with dp Zone Sensors Differential Pressure (dp) sensors placed at greater than 2/3 rd, or at end of distribution After balancing of the system, dp zone setpoint(s) set for design day load What if the contractor installs at the mechanical room pump discharge dp dp

90 Parallel Pump Staging Best Efficiency Staging versus Speed Based Staging 1P EFFY 2P EFFY 3P EFFY 100% 80% HEAD ARMSTRONG BEST EFFICIENCY STAGING EFFICIENCY 60% 40% 20% 0% POWER FLOW 1P EFFY 2P EFFY 3P EFFY 100% 80% HEAD EFFICIENCY 60% 40% POWER SPEED BASED STAGING FLOW 20% 0%

91 Parallel Pump Staging Energy Performance Implications of Speed Based Staging 1P EFFY 2P EFFY 3P EFFY = Areas of highest inefficiency Energy Savings: 3 x 30kW Pumps Operating Cost* Speed Based Staging ~ $30,371 SPEED BASED STAGING Best Efficiency Staging ~ $20,092 34% Saving *Based on $0.10/kWh 12 months operation 40% design head min pressure

92 Armstrong Design Envelope Parallel Sensorless Pump Control* (PSPC) For customers requiring parallel pump control [Up to 4 motors] No control panel or building automation control fees required Parallel Sensorless Pump Controller integrated on one unit only. (Interchangeable) dualarm units (Illustrated) are wired at factory. Single pumps will be daisy-chain wired on site * Patent Pending

93 Integrated Pump Systems Two Way Variable Flow with dp Zone Sensors What if the contractor installs at the mechanical room pump discharge IPS4000 controller can apply a quadratic control curve to emulate the remote sensor, and get the extra energy savings at part load operation to comply with 90.1 dp

94 Head (ft) Integrated Pump Systems Two Way Variable Flow with dp Zone Sensors IPS4000 controller quadratic control curve, exceeding 90.1 dp setpoint at exit of mechanical room IPS4000 Quadratic Control Curve with MR Sensor Flow (000s) gpm

95 Integrated Pump Systems IPS4000

96 Integrated Pump Systems Sensorless Speed Control with IPS4000 Simple on screen setup to adjust as built design flow and head parameters Parallel Sensorless Pump Control staging points automatically recalculated for the as built entered condition (no modifications at the pump)

97 Floor Space Qty x10x19 c/w 125 hp integrated controls ft head Qty x14x15-60 hp ft Qty x14x hp Foot print Vertical inline = 830 sq ft HSC = 2600 sq ft

98 Ease of Installation No base 148 metric tons of concrete No flex connector No support under the

99 Energy Costs and Sustainability Integrated approach for pump balancing Controller used for soft start vs across the line on 600 hp

100 Enwave Case Study Summary A. Floor space - Vertical 68% less B. Ease of installation - Vertical save > $150,000 C. Maintainability - Vertical $5,200/year less D. Reliability - Vertical more reliable E. Energy costs - Vertical less pipe loss F. Sustainability Product Life Cycle - Vertical 26,640 lbs of CO2 less

101 Achieving Through Integrated Plant Control

102 Agenda 1. Overview of Standard Long term objectives 3. A Net Zero road map for chilled water plant solutions 4. Demand based Integrated Plant Controls and 189.1

103 Standard What is it About? Standard for the design of high performance green buildings A compliance option of the international green construction code Minimum for high-performance, green buildings Applies as per ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1 Optional compliance path to the International Green Construction Code Not a design guide or a rating system

104 189.1 Standard for High-Performance Green Buildings Purpose Environmental Responsibility Occupant Comfort Balance Resource Efficiency Community Sensitivity Today While meeting the needs Of the present, without Compromising the ability Of future generations Tomorrow

105 189.1 Application Is Voluntary Can be adopted as law Draws from ASHRAE 62.1 and 90.1 Applies to the building design, construction and life prescriptive or performance based

106 189.1 Standard Topic Areas Sustainable Sites Water Use Efficiency Energy Efficiency Indoor Environmental Quality Building s Impact on the Atmosphere, Materials & Resources Construction and Operations Plans

107 189.1 Relative to Existing Standards Original Standard goal 30% lower than Standard INCLUDING PROCESS Standard goal 5-15% lower than Standard Appendix G from Standard 90.1 is incorporated as a Normative Appendix

108 189.1 Where Integrated Plant Control Contributes Sustainable Sites Water Use Efficiency Energy Efficiency Indoor Environmental Quality Building s Impact on the Atmosphere, Materials & Resources Construction and Operations Plans

109 More Aggressive Net Zero Agenda Energy Reduction Proposal Standard 90.1 Energy Density High Performance

110 189.1 Not All Buildings can reach net Zero ZEB Floorspace % By Segment Percent Of Floorspace able to meet Net Zero Warehouse Religious Worship Retail (non mall) Education Service Public Assembly Average Health Care (outpatient) Office High Percentages Low Percentages Lodging Food Sales Laboratory

111 Achieving Through Integrated Plant Control Where we can go with HVAC chilled water systems and how that compares to our net zero building goals Energy use Energy consumption Renewable energy source sufficient to meet building energy demand Renewable energy Time

112 Net Zero CHW Solution Roadmap Starting Point Variable secondary flow plants (30% today, and 90% installed base) HVAC system Chiller plant Variable flow design Efficiency kw/ton

113 Net Zero CHW Solution Roadmap Variable Primary Chiller Plants with Variable Speed Chillers HVAC system Chiller plant Variable flow design Variable primary Efficiency kw/ton

114 Net Zero CHW Solution Roadmap Demand Based All-Variable Chiller Plants HVAC system Chiller plant Variable flow design Efficiency kw/ton Variable primary Demand Based Allvariable Control (IPC)

115 Net Zero CHW Solution Roadmap Intelligent Devices HVAC system Chiller plant Variable flow design Efficiency kw/ton Variable primary Demand based all variable Intelligent devices

116 Net Zero CHW Solution Roadmap Ground Source Solutions HVAC system Chiller plant Variable flow design Efficiency kw/ton Variable primary Demand based all variable Intelligent devices Ground sourced

117 Net Zero CHW Solution Roadmap Chilled Beams HVAC system Chiller plant Variable flow design Efficiency kw/ton Variable primary Demand based all variable Intelligent devices Ground sourced Chilled beams

118 Net Zero CHW Solution Roadmap Low Loss Distribution HVAC system Chiller plant Variable flow design Variable primary Efficiency kw/ton Demand based all variable Intelligent devices Ground sourced Chilled beams Low loss distribution

119 Net Zero CHW Solution Roadmap Demand based all-variable chiller plant automation HVAC system Chiller plant Variable flow design Energy Efficiency Variable primary Efficiency kw/ton Demand based all variable Intelligent devices Ground sourced Chilled beams Low loss distribution Renewables 0.0

120 Net Zero CHW Solution Roadmap Demand based all-variable chiller plant automation HVAC system Chiller plant Variable flow design Energy Efficiency Variable primary Efficiency kw/ton Demand based all variable plant automation Intelligent devices Ground sourced Chilled beams 25-50% Low loss distribution Renewables 0.0

121 Design Envelope Integrated Plant Control The Benefits of Optimization Plant Annual energy Savings of 30-60% kw-hr H2O Life ROI Annual Water Savings on the Cooling Tower of 4-7% Longer Plant Equipment Life, 30-60% 4-7% 20-30% 5-20% 20-30% Protect your ROI with ECO*PULSE On-board Diagnostic Service $ $ $ $ saving 5-20% annual energy costs

122 Armstrong s Chiller Plant Optimization New Variable Speed Chiller Plants Plant efficien cy Modera te Humid Arid Existing practice (CPVS) Analog era Feedback loop (PID) Silo sub-system control VS chillers, variable secondary CW reset 0.76 kw/ton Existing best in class Analog era Feedback loop (PID) Silo sub-system control Variable primary flow (VPF) with CHW & CW reset 0.72 kw/ton Design Envelope integrated demand based Digital era Demand based relational Integrated plant solution All-variable chiller plant 0.50 kw/ton (COP 4.7) 0.78 >.76 kw/ton kw/ton (COP 0.72 kw/ton 4.6) (COP 4.9) (COP 4.9) 0.75 >.72 kw/ton (COP 0.68 kw/ton 4.7) (COP 5.2) (COP 7.1) 0.56 <.50 kw/ton (COP 0.48 kw/ton 6.3) (COP 7.4)

123 Comfort Cooling Is A Part Load Application More Than 90% of Time Spent at Part load

124 Design Envelope Equipment Operation In A Part Load Application Design Envelope Solutions are designed for BEST EFFICIENCY operation here Traditional Designs were optimized for operation at full load

125 Variable Speed Devices Are More Efficient At Part Load By Design New Performance Curves: Variable flow cooling towers Variable speed pumps Variable speed air handlers Variable flow chillers Different Performance Curves Different Method Of Control

126 Traditional chiller plant control process set-point based BMS Automation Sequence Parallel equipment staging (up/down) Equipment speed control Silo sub-system control Traditional Logic Capacity based sequencing PID feedback control loops Ambient reset

127 Armstrong Design Envelope Integrated Plant Control View Equipment As Performance Maps: Tons of cooling (kwc), and Electrical Power Performance Curve Based IPC Heat Transfer and Power Consumed demand with power relationships

128 Two different system philosophies Component based System based BMS IPC

129 Building Cooling Demand (tons kwc), for Power In with target delta T

130 Natural curve sequencing vs traditional capacity based Natural Curve Sequencing IPC Capacity Based Overall System COP % 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% % Chiller Load VS ECWT 13 C VS ECWT 18 C VS ECWT 24 C VS ECWT 29 C 55F 65F 75F 85F

131 Natural curve sequencing vs traditional capacity based 100 % 80% 60% 40% Chiller 1 (lead) - 40% Chiller 2 (lag 1) - 40% Chiller 3 (lag 2) 40% 20% 0% Chiller 1 Chiller 2 Chiller 3

132 Natural curve tower sequencing approach temperature effects ETW Approach Temperatures (deg F) at Identical Fan and Pump Power Natural Curve Sequence Of Towers Capacity Sequence Natural Curve 33% at 56F, 13C 66% at 65F, 18C 100% at 77F, 25C Lower the leaving tower water temperature with: - Natural curve sequencing, - Variable flow towers, and - the same or less power % 66% 100% deg C

133 Speed control Demand based power relationships (not set-point PID feedback loops) IPC

134 Design Envelope Integrated Plant Control Patented Control Technology Automation element Traditional Demand based Parallel equipment staging (up/down) Capacity based sequencing Natural curve sequencing Equipment speed control Silo sub-system control PID feedback control loops Ambient reset Equal marginal performance principle Demand based control

135 Armstrong solutions: two configurations Integrated Plant Control For New Projects Optimization Modules For Retrofit Projects

136 Design Envelope Integrated Plant Control System Full plant automation Remote Access BMS Read/Write alarms Equipment Data User Friendly Interface 10 Year Data Capacity Factory Built & Tested

137 Design Envelope Integrated Plant Control System Sequences for: All variable flow (VPF & VPVS) Water Side Economizers Thermal Energy Storage Ground Source (Geothermal) Dry Air Coolers (Evaporative mist) Compressor Sequencing (large 11 kv dual compressor CS) Demand Limiting for Demand Response Emergency Power Transfer Switch

138 Integrated Plant Controller IPC11550HMI 0.55 kw/ton At a glance display Intuitive touch-screen interface System performance (operating status, setpoints, hardware data, etc.) Integrated I&O Files Trending Data logs Alarm history Setup and troubleshooting Remote monitoring

139 Retrofit Impact: Payback Periods as Short as 6 months 25 30% SAVINGS Installed on Variable Primary Systems, upgrad ing to All-variable OPTI-VISOR

140 Health Management Service Real time diagnostics of plant equipment and operating status Assess equipment based on trended performance ratios Able to alert to issues before they become a problem or alarm (low refrigerant, clogged strainers, failing motors, vibration, incorrect service calls) Provides assessment of predicted, base case and actual performance Viewable web site, device views, and quarterly reports IPC System OPTI-VISOR TM

141 Health Management Service Staff monitoring of trends, alerts, and assessments Phone notification of issues and recommended site investigation Assessment of energy impact through non-response Real time: assessment for actual conditions (WBT, load, and combination of operating equipment) Water cooled New Projects Water cooled Retrofit Projects Air cooled New Projects Air cooled Retrofit Projects

142 DESIGN ENVELOPE Integrated Plant Control Part of the Net Zero CHW Solution Roadmap HVAC system Chiller plant Efficiency kw/ton Variable flow design Energy Efficiency Variable primary Design Envelope Integrated Plant Control Demand based all variable plant automation Intelligent devices Ground sourced Chilled beams Renewables 25-50% Low loss distribution 0.0

143 Design Envelope Integrated Plant Control HELPING YOU ACHIEVE TODAY ENABLING YOUR CUSTOMERS TO TAKE THEIR SITE TO IN THE FUTURE, OR ACHIEVE LEED RATINGS TODAY BRINGING BENEFITS AT NO EXTRA COST

144 Design Envelope IPC New Construction Sidra Village, Doha, Qatar IPC Delivers: On an annual basis 25% energy cost savings Confirmed by an Independent utility ** 7250 TR, York Chillers

145 Design Envelope OPTI-VISOR Retrofit Dalma Mall, Abu Dhabi, UAE Integrated plant controls deliver: On an annual basis 28% energy cost savings **10,000TR York Chillers

146 Design Envelope IPC New Construction Mixed Use Building, Dubai, UAE IPC Delivers: On an annual basis 23% energy cost savings ** 1150 TR, Clivet Chillers

147 Design Envelope OPTI-VISOR Retrofit Jumeirah Group, Dubai, UAE Delivers: On an annual basis 21% energy cost savings ** 3000 TR, York, Trane & Carrier Chillers

148 Design Envelope IPC New Construction Markhiya Mall, Doha, Qatar IPC Delivers: On an annual basis 27% energy cost savings ** 6250 TR, Carrier Chillers

149 Design Envelope IPC New Construction Convention Centre, Muscat, Oman VPVS with Variable Condenser Flow 10,000 TR Phase 1 Expansion to 25,000 TR LEED Gold Certification Energy & Water Conservation IPC Delivers: On an annual basis 29% energy cost savings ** TR, Carrier Chillers

150 Armstrong Fluid Technology Thank You For Your Attention Questions?