River Classification: Gui River. Different types of river will: Require different indicators Have different targets

Transcription

1 River Classification: Gui River Different types of river will: Require different indicators Have different targets

2 River classification: Liao River Presentation Heading

3 Fieldwork to collect samples Macroinvert ebrates大型 Channel condition 底栖无脊椎动物 河道状况 Fish鱼 Macrophytes 大型植物 Diatom硅 藻

4 编号 Collation of data Phylum Arthropoda Mollusca Mollusca Mollusca Mollusca Mollusca Mollusca Mollusca Class Crustacea Bivalvia Gastropoda Gastropoda Bivalvia Gastropoda Gastropoda Gastropoda Decapoda Mytiloida Order 编号编号编号编号 Family Genera Species Species name_chinese Atyidae Mytilidae Viviparidae Lymnaeidae Corbiculidae Lymnaeidae Valvatidae Melaniidae Caridina Limnoperna Bellamya Radix corbicula physa Valvata Semisulcospira lacustris aeruginosa Radixswinboei fluminea 米虾属淡水壳菜铜锈椭圆河蚬膀胱螺盘螺短沟卷 No.1 平度村 No.2 龙江 No.3 富罗 No.4 黄姚 No.5 下福水电站 No.6 siqinjiang 红花镇 siqinjiang No.7 No.8 昭平水电站 No.9 恭城水文站 No.10 龙岭 No.11 荔浦水文站 No.12 念村 No.13 阳朔水文站 No.14 遇龙河 No.15 冠岩 No.16 潮田河 No.17 新寨 No.18 桂林水文站 No.19 兰田 No.20 东江 No.21 灵渠 No.22 大榕江 No.23 No.24 No.25 杉木河 ( 猫儿山 ) 六洞河 乌龟江

5 Testing indicators against disturbance gradient Ecological health indicator Reference values Low Disturbance gradient High

6 Weighting of indicator scores Freq. (# obs.) All sites all years Reference sites all years, 80 th % ile Single site, report year, 50 th % ile Standard to achieve values 95 th % ile 1 (reference), Concentration, 0 (worst case), Convert all values to common scale to allow comparison Compare values against: other sites in study; other studies - national standards; international standards

7 Indicators of river health: Liao River Presentation Heading

8 General information Hekouzhen Taohuayu Total length:5,464km Drainage area:795,000km2 Population in the basin :107 million Cultivated land : 12 million hm2

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11 Start with objectives (from YRCC) Ultimate target Keeping the Yellow River Healthy 4 Criteria ( the 4-nos ) No embankment breaching No river running dry No water pollution beyond standard No riverbed rising further

12 Project Framework Environmental flow assessment How much water does the river need to protect assets? River health assessment What is a healthy river? E-flow options Training Social Exchange Biological Management decisions Method development Chemical Compliance test Physical Hydrological health index Geomorphological index

13 Establish a framework (from YRCC) Healthy Indicators of the Yellow River Flow continuity Channel configuration for water and sediment transportation Water quality standard River ecosystem Water supply capacity Indicator groups Hydrology Geomorphology Water quality Ecology Social-economic

14 River Health Social/Economic Environmental Indicators Ecology Physical form Hydrology Water quality Fish Wetland vegetation (remote sensing) Invertebrates Vegetation Presentation Heading Primary productivity Hydraulic habitat Survey and modelling

15 Reaches and Assets River channel Delta wetlands 1 Dongping Lake Mengjin wetlands Zhengzhou wetlands Kaifeng wetlands

16 River Health Social/Economic Environmental Indicators Ecology Physical form Hydrology Water quality Fish Wetland vegetation (remote sensing) Invertebrates Vegetation Presentation Heading Primary productivity Hydraulic habitat Survey and modelling

17 Regulation phases Cumulative dam active storage capacity (10 9 m 3 ) pre- Sanmenxia post-sanmenxia Liujiaxia post-longyangxia post-xiaolangdi YRCC established an environmental flow regime

18 Baseflows (flow exceeded 75% of the time) Low flow period Irrigation period Xiaolangdi Dam Original rule Revised rule

19 Sediment flushing flow (flow exceeded 5% of the time) Exceeded 5% of time - watersediment regulation season daily discharge (m 3 /s) 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 Jun - Jul - Aug - Sep Target 3,500 m 3 /s First releases Huayuankou Sunkou Huayuankou Lijin Xiaolangdi Dam

20 No drying-up Days of cease to flow Lijin Cumulative annual days of cease to f low Annual peak cease to f low spell duration Xiaolangdi Dam

21 River Health Social/Economic Environmental Indicators Ecology Physical form Hydrology Water quality Fish Wetland vegetation (remote sensing) Invertebrates Vegetation Presentation Heading Primary productivity Hydraulic habitat Survey and modelling

22 Water quality Drinking water Recreation Industry agriculture and parks Ecological river health Source areas 1st Class 2nd Class (requires treatment) Primary contact Secondary ccontact Passive non-contact Aquaculture General industrial uses Industrial cooling Agricultural irrigation irrigation of parks and created landscapes National conservation areas Sensitive and rare aquatic species Common aquatic species Fish spawning Fish rearing Fish migration Fish winter survival Chinese Grade Arbitrary aquatic health rating I S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S High-V. high II U S S S S S S S S S S U S S S S S S Mod. -High III U U S S S S S S S S S U U S U U S S Low-Mod. IV U U U U S S U S S S S U U U U U U U Very low V U U U U U S U U S S S U U U U U U U Very low VI U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U No value

23 Trend in water quality (Grade III target) Annual - Proportion of months target achieved High flow - Proportion of months target achieved Low flow - Proportion of months target achieved Huayuankou

24 Water quality Drinking water Recreation Industry agriculture and parks Ecological river health Source areas 1st Class 2nd Class (requires treatment) Primary contact Secondary ccontact Passive non-contact Aquaculture General industrial uses Industrial cooling Agricultural irrigation irrigation of parks and created landscapes National conservation areas Sensitive and rare aquatic species Common aquatic species Fish spawning Fish rearing Fish migration Fish winter survival Chinese Grade Arbitrary aquatic health rating I S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S High-V. high II U S S S S S S S S S S U S S S S S S Mod. -High III U U S S S S S S S S S U U S U U S S Low-Mod. IV U U U U S S U S S S S U U U U U U U Very low V U U U U U S U U S S S U U U U U U U Very low VI U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U No value

25 Trend in water quality (Grade II target) Annual - Proportion of months target achieved High flow - Proportion of months target achieved Low flow - Proportion of months target achieved Huayuankou

26 River Health Social/Economic Environmental Indicators Ecology Physical form Hydrology Water quality Fish Wetland vegetation (remote sensing) Invertebrates Vegetation Presentation Heading Primary productivity Hydraulic habitat Survey and modelling

27 Potential indicators Load delivered to the estuary Channel capacity Channel width/depth ratio Channel mobility (lateral shift per year)

28 Sediment load

29 Reach 2 effect of training works Bef ore training works ( ) Af ter training works ( ) Intensity of channel shifting (m/year) Cross-section

30 Channel capacity Discharge (m 3 /s) 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 Target Huayuankou bankfull capacity (measured) Lijin bankfull capacity (Ru et al., 2003) Huayuankou flood season average discharge 5-year moving average

31 River Health Social/Economic Environmental Indicators Ecology Physical form Hydrology Water quality Fish Wetland vegetation (remote sensing) Invertebrates Vegetation Presentation Heading Primary productivity Hydraulic habitat Survey and modelling

32 2008 Catchment wide survey N 400km Ddengkou Sanhuhekou Toudaoguai Shizuishan Fugu Hekou Qingtongxia Wubao Lijin Xiaheyan Aishan Liujiaxia Lanzhou Longmen Xiaolangdi Gaocun Sanmenxia Huayuankou Sampling station reservoir

33 Metrics structure Fish Macroinvertebrates Riparian plants Species richness Native/exotic Proportion of feeding guilds Proportion of habitat guilds Species richness Functional feeding groups Densities and biomasses Species richness Grass/Woody species Densities and biomasses

34 River Health Social/Economic Environmental Indicators Ecology Physical form Hydrology Water quality Fish Wetland vegetation (remote sensing) Invertebrates Vegetation Presentation Heading Primary productivity Hydraulic habitat Survey and modelling

35 Social Health Indicators A river provides social benefits Flood control function Drought control function Water supply function Hydro-power function Navigation function Water quality self-purification function Recreation function A river can be managed to optimise, or choose a balance of, the: Social benefits Ecological benefits The River Health Index is an important tool to help achieve the balance

36 Environmental Flows Framework Asset-based Sites Wetlands Channel Delta Processes Habitat hydraulics Geomorphology Vegetation Fish Invertebrates Social Flood control Water supply Holistic Entire flow regime Options to balance River health Social needs

37 Environmental flow requirements Consolidation of existing studies, together with expert opinion Identify flow requirements for the key assets (wetlands, delta), focussed on: Fish Vegetation Birds Hydrological model to assess capacity to achieve recommended flows

38 Days of cease to flow No drying-up Lijin Cumulative annual days of cease to flow Annual peak cease to flow spell duration Xiaolangdi Dam

39 Delta growth Lijin Discharge Sediment load Delta equilibrium sediment load (Wang K et al., 2007) Annual discharge (10 9 m 3 ) Change in area of delta (Chu et al., 2006) rapid accretion accretion - erosion slow erosion Annual sediment load (10 8 tonnes)

40 Hydrologic indicators of river health

41 Next steps Development of a River Health and E-Flow Assessment Publication International case studies Synthesis of lessons and approaches Technical methodologies Policy integration and basin planning First draft of publication at International River Symposium (Brisbane September, 2011) - 2 nd draft and review ADB Knowledge Hub Week Nov Sharing experience Indian workshop (WWF India) Ganga Basin Plan - APWF Water Summit launch of publication and Technical Session (Thailand Feb 2012) - Sharing Experiences Chinese workshop (IWC March, 2012)

42 Thank you