WHY NUCLEAR and to share relevant Government decisions with respect to Nuclear Power Development (COD2021) Applications of Nuclear Power and Status

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2 WHY NUCLEAR and to share relevant Government decisions with respect to Nuclear Power Development (COD2021) Applications of Nuclear Power and Status of Nuclear Power Programme in some countries Deploying Nuclear Energy for Power Generation is one of Entry Point Projects (EPP11) in Economic Transformation Programme Report (25 Oct 2010) (NKEA Oil, Gas & Energy (OGE) Sector) Pre-Project Activities spearheaded by Malaysia Nuclear Power Corporation (MNPC), as NEPIO and tentative Nuclear timeline

3 MALAYSIA MALAYSIA (2010 ( 2010) Land Area: 329,733 sq. km Population: 28.3 million (2010 ( Census) PENINSULAR MALAYSIA 40% of land area; 80% of population. STATES OF SABAH & SARAWAK 60% of land area; 20% of population.

4 Generation ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION & SUPPLY CHAIN & REGIONAL DEMAND IN MALAYSIA Transmission Distribution Grid Transmission (Single Grid Operator Per Region) Distribution (Regional Distributors) Power Plants (Multiple Generators) Peninsular Malaysia, 91% Sub-Station Sabah, 4% 5,407 GWh Energy Sources 106,762 GWh Coal 43% Peninsular Malaysia Sarawak, 5% 2008 Coal 26% Gas 58% Hydro 10% Diesel 6% Sarawak Sabah 4,442 GWh Gas 60% Hydro 8% FY2010 Gas 52% Hydro 5% FY2009 MFO 19% Diesel & Others 13% Source: Malaysia NKEA OGE Laboratory 2010

5 PENINSULAR MALAYSIA POWER GRID Peninsular Malaysia Power Grid can support NPPs of 1,000 MW nominal capacity, post-2020 Source: Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB)

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7 NE for Power Nuclear Power Plants for Electricity Generation Research & Development Navy Space 443 reactors operating in 30 countries worldwide **Reactors for R&D, training & testing USA, UK, Russia, France & China have nuclear navy Nuclear Thermal Rocket (NTR) for propulsion 14% of world s electricity supply i.e. 377,000 MWe 230 reactors operating in 56 countries worldwide Aircraft carriers & submarines powered by nuclear Radioisotope Thermoelectri c Generator (RTG) for spacecraft ** TRIGA II Research Reactor in NM, Bangi operating since 1982 Nuclear powered icebreakers developed by Russia

8 SSN-688i Los Angeles Class (People Living & Sleeping near Nuclear Reactors) Nuclear Reactor PWR S6G (165MWt) Crew s mess room, gulley, storage Wardroom Crew Bunks

9 CVN-68 Nimitz Class (People Living & Sleeping near Nuclear Reactors) 2x PWR A4W (190MW)

10 Hiroshima & Nagasaki today Hiroshima and Nagasaki were destroyed in August 1945 after atomic bomb explosions What happened to the radiation that is supposed to last thousands of years?

11 Waste Management Strategy A 1,000 MWe plant operating for 1 year will produce: DILUTE & DISPERSE CONFINE & CONTAIN 2x Dry Cask Storage (27 tons) 7 million tons of CO 2, NO, SO 2 200,000 tons of fly ash & bottom ash lead, mercury, arsenic Released to environment On-Site & Monitored

12 Land Area Requirement Nuclear Power Plant 1800 MW 4.5 square km Solar PV Power Plant 1800 MW-equivalent 54 square km football pitches 7563 football pitches 24 hours a day Maximum 9 hours a day 90% capacity factor (equivalent to 328 days per year) Land not including geological repository Max 20% capacity factor (equivalent to 73 days per year) Land not including energy storage capability 1 Assumes 1 MW can be generated by 7.4 acres of solar PV cells Source: ENTERGY Arkansas 12 12

13 Nuclear Power States : 30 countries Units in Operation: 443 Units Units Under Construction: 63 Units Europe 196units Russia 32units Asia 85units North America 122units Africa 2 units South America 6units Source : IAEA GC(54)INF-5, 2010 (Revised)

14 Nuclear energy contributes 13.8% of world electricity generation in 2009 GROUPS OPERATING REACTORS 1 Apr 2011 REACTOR UNDER CONSTRUCTION 1 Apr 2011 REACTORS PLANNED April 2011 REACTORS PROPOSED April (15 or more) (5 to 14) (1 to 4) (Plans) 0 1** TOTAL 437+6*= * Six (6) NPPs in Taiwan ** Iran will soon join states with Operating NPPs Source: World Nuclear Association, April,

15 Nuclear Power Reactors Worldwide South East Asia Vietnam Thailand Singapore Indonesia Nuclear Power Countries : 30 Units Operating: 443 Units Under Construction: 59 Units Capacity: 375,000 MWe Reactors Proposed : Vietnam: 4 units (1 st COD 2020) Thailand: 5 units (1 st COD deferred) Indonesia: 4 units Singapore: Pre-FS Source: World Nuclear Association, 1 st April 2011 Source: World Nuclear News

16 Singapore s Statement Fukushima crisis would not derail Singapore s pre-feasibility study on nuclear energy, as it needed to assess safety risks associated with the technology, but any decision on its use remained far away. SEA neighbours such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam have announced plans for nuclear energy "Therefore, even if we do not proceed with nuclear energy for Singapore, we need to understand its implications for the region, and for Singapore," Iswaran said. "Even with the completion of the pre-feasibility study, we will still be a long way from making any decisions on nuclear energy for Singapore." S. Iswaran Senior Minister of State for Trade, Industry and Education Speaking to Singapore s Parliament, 16 April 11 th

17 Vietnam UraniumhasbeendeclaredasamineralofnationalinterestinVietnam Vietnam has total tons potential of U3O8. The Pre-FS for the 1st NPP in Vietnam and Power Sector Development Master Plan up to 2025 was approved by the Government, showing planned nuclear power capacity will reach 4,000 MW in 2025 with the 1 st UnitCOD in2020. The first NPP of 2x 1,000 MW will be built in cooperation with Russia and thesecondnppof2x1,000mwwillbebuiltincooperationwithjapan Russia will provide the fuelandtake it back for reprocessing,thus solving all the issues of nuclear and radiation safety related to the handling of used nuclear fuel in the territory of Vietnam. Project Infrastructure for Construction, Public Relation Center and HRD started in 2010 to support Vietnam nuclear power program. Vietnam-Japan agreement in Sept 2011 to carry out Feasibility Study of 2 nd NPP project in Vietnam at a cost of Yen 2 billion or USD 25 million Source: World Nuclear News

18 Vietnam Milestone for the First NPP Preparation to appoint FS Consultant Apr. Feb. (11) Mac. FS, Site Documents Jul. (28) Preparation of Bid Document & Bid Evaluation Jan. (9) Sep. Feb EPC Selection Feb. #1 COD 2020 #1 COD 2021 (12) Construction Dec. Dec. Dec. (6-yr) (12) Start Activity Finish. (month) Source: NEC-SSN of the ASEAN Energy Cooperation, Singapore, Feb

19 Thailand Thailand s Power Development Plant 2010 was approved by The Cabinet with the co nstructionof5x1000mwenppandinoperationfrom ๒๐๒๐to ๒๐๒๘. The Cabinet also approved the setup of Nuclear Power Program Development Office (NPPDO) and Nuclear Power Infrastructure Establishment Cooperation Committee (NPIECC) as a NEPIO key steering committee for program cooperation among relate government agencies. Feasibility study of Nuclear Power Plant are well conducted by EGAT with clearly results: 19

20 Turkey Russia will build-own-operate (BOO) first NPP at Akkuyu, Turkey. The project consists of construction of four (4) units of VVER 1200MWe with USD 20 billion project cost. Russian vendor will initially own 100% share but in the long-term, 49% of total share will be offered to Turkish investors; 51% remains in Russian hands TETAS (Turkish Electricity Corporation) has guaranteed to purchase a fixed quantity of the plant s output : 70 % from 1st and 2nd units 30% from 3rd and 4th unit Balance generation capacity to be sold in open market Stable price at US cents/kwh for over 15 years Project timeline: 7 yrs after securing construction license FCD COD-1 COD-2 COD-3 COD-4 Source: World Nuclear News, May 13,

21 UAE Project Cost: USD 20 billion Additional USD 20 billion for O&M and fuel supply over 60 years Scope of works: 4 Units of APR 1400 MWe Design Construction Operation & Maintenance Lightbridge (formerly known as Thorium Power) and CH2M Hill are advisers for the implementation of UAE s Nuclear programme. Source: World Nuclear News, May 13,

22 Source: UKM-TODAI Workshop in Nuclear Power, June 2010 Emirates Nuclear Energy Corporation(ENEC) as project owner-operator was formally established as an investment vehicle about one(1) year before major Contract AwardinDec2009.ENECwasinitiallyfundedwithUSD100milliontoevaluateand implement nuclear power plant in UAE. Before ENEC was formed, nuclear pre-project activities were spearheaded by Abu Dhabi Water and Electric Authority(ADWEA), the TNB equivalent in UAE. ThisistheroleassignedtoMNPC

23 Electricity to Develop a Nation Comparison Medium & High Income Countries As Malaysia positions itself to be a developed nation by year 2020, its electricity usage per capita will inevitably rise from industrial, commercial & domestic consumers We need mid to long-term plan to address this. kwh\capita Country

24 Future Prices of Fossil Fuels US Energy Information Administration (EIA) fuel cost projections indicated coal and nuclear are stable and low in the long run in the US US has high domestic coal reserves but Malaysia imports coal Source: EIA) Source: EIA US Energy Price Nuclear fuel cost is low and stable despite import of uranium Situation is expected to be the same for Malaysia except for coal price

25 Fuel Price Volatility Impact +50% in uranium price results only in +6% of electricity generation cost Impact of Fuel Costs on Electricity Generation Costs Fuel Costs +25% Fuel Costs +50% Source: R. Tarjanne, S. Risannen, Nuclear Power: Least-cost Option for Baseload Electricity in Finland, The Uranium Institute 25 th Annual Symposium, London, 2000

26 Price of Renewable Energy Conventional Plant Electricity Cost Source: The IPCC Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources & Climate Change Mitigation, 2011

27 Cost per kwh in USA Generation Cost (US /kwh) Source: NERA Consulting, Mar. 2010

28 Cost Competitiveness of Nuclear Power (KRW/kWh) Economical efficiency Sales price (KRW/kWh) : Nuclear is the cheapest 35.6 Nuclear 60.3 (1.7 ) Coal (3.2) Wind (3.2) Hydro (4.1) Oil (4.3) LNG (Year 2009) (18.2) PV Contribution to national economy 1982 Electricity price 14.5% rise 2009

29 NT$ / kwh TAIPOWER, Taiwan COST ANALYSIS OF POWER GENERATION Combined Cycle (LNG) '89 '90 '91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 Oil Co s t An a l y s i s ( N T $ / K W H ) A v e r a g e C o m b i n e d C y c l e ( L N G ) O i l C o a l N u c l e a r Hydr o Kuosheng Average Coal Hydro. Nuclear Kuosheng has maintained a low generation cost (around 2 US cents / kwh)

30 Nuclear Power Plants in Taiwan N CHINSHAN (BWR MWe 2) KUOSHENG (BWR MWe 2) MAANSHAN (PWR MWe 2) LUNGMEN (ABWR 1350 MWe x 2 under construction) Peninsular Malaysia is four times (4x) the size of Taiwan (island) with almost the same population size

31 LONG TERM SOLUTION BASE-LOAD OPTION FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION Supply and price restriction of FOSSIL FUELS dan HYDRO RESOURCES Supply restriction of intermittent RENEWABLE ENERGY (RE) ENVIRONMENT ECON COMPETITIVENESS ADVANTAGES Reduce GHG emissions Global Warming Solution Sustaining Stable Electric Tariff CHEAP fuel LONG Plant Lifetime LONG operational duration of fuel 31

32 100.0% 90.0% 80.0% 70.0% 60.0% 50.0% 40.0% 30.0% Distillate Hydro Oil Coal Malaysia has been highly dependent on fossil fuel sources oil in 1970s and early 1980s and gas in late 1980s till 2000s and recently on both gas and imported coal 20.0% 10.0% 0.0% Gas Moving forward, we need to explore alternative sources as well as capitalizing on well-developed fossil fuel infrastructure

33 Dependency on Fossil Fuel, 2010 Fossil fuels dominate 95% of total energy mix Need to DIVERSIFY and reduce fossil fuel dependency Total energy generation in 2010 is 101,073 GWh Source: TNB System Planning, November 2010

34 Generation Mix 2011: Peninsular Malaysia Hydro 5.7% Distillate 2.5% Oil 2.5% Import 0.3% Coal 44% Gas 45% Total energy generation in 2011 is 103,327 GWh Generation fuel mix in 2011 has changed from 2010 due to prolonged gas curtailment Fossil fuels still dominate - 94% of total energy mix Need more diversification to reduce over dependence on fossil fuels Source: TNB System Planning, December

35 Future Power Demand till 2030 Malaysia s Electricity demand will rise when we become a developed nation in 2020 and beyond. New Power capacity must be planned and installed. Revised 2010 forecast Initial 2010 forecast ~ 15,000 MW in 2010 Revised 2010 forecast Year Initial April 2010 Forecast forecast Revised Nov 2010 forecast Forecast ,779 MW 17,943 MW ,669 MW 21,228 MW ,967 MW 23,592 MW ,193 MW 25,817 MW Initial 2010 forecast Source: TNB System Planning, November 2010

36 Future Generation Mix in Peninsula SCENARIO A: The most economic generation mix is not well-balanced, more risky SCENARIO B: Maintaining current generation mix ensures security of supply, balanced & diversifed supply sources, but at higher costs GWh Gas supplied at subsidised price of RM10.70/mmBTU 5.2% 40.2% 4.0% 50.6% Gas to be supplied at market price of RM40/mmBTU 3.9% 87.3% 19.5% 31.2% 4.4% 73.6% 4.6% 61.2% % Gas supplied at subsidised price of RM10.70/mmBTU 5.2% 4.0% 47.8% Gas to be supplied at market price of RM40/mmBTU 3.9% 46.7% 9.8% 5.0% 42.5% 17.8% 4.6% 36.5% % 45.5% 8.8% 2.5% 2.9% Gas Coal Hydro Nuclear % 48.2% 49.4% 42.7% 41.1% SOURCE: TNB since 1 st June 2011, gas price to the power sector was increased by 28%; from RM10.70/mmBTU to RM13.70/mmBTU Nuclear Power is required in both scenarios

37 Nuclear Could Be a Major Contributor 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% Hydro Gas Coal Nuclear Import from S'wak 9.5% 8.6% 9.8% 17.8% 47.9% 46.8% 38.0% 33.0% 48.2% 49.3% 37.8% 35.6% Given fuel availability and constraints, this is the envisioned future energy mix for Peninsular Malaysia Nuclear will be a majorcontributor post % 0% 4.0% 3.9% 4.6% 4.9% (As of Dec 2011,TNB Planning) 37 37

38 Energy NEED FOR NUCLEAR POWER IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA Energy Demand Growth without Policy Intervention Targeted Slower Energy Demand Growth with Policy Intervention: Energy Efficiency (EE) & Demand-Side Management (DSM), Fit-In Tariffs (FIT), etc. DEMAND-SUPPLY GAP: NEED NUCLEAR POWER Energy Resource & Supply Constraint without Policy Intervention Increased Energy Supply Options with Policy Intervention: through Green Energy Development, Increased Oil & Gas Exploration & Production in Deeper Seas, Residual Fields, etc Year Nuclear energy need to fill energy demand-supply gap together with renewable energy on supply side & energy efficiency & demand-side management. Source: Economic Planning Unit (EPU), Prime Minister s Department, 2009

39 26 June 2009: Government agreed to consider nuclear energy as one of the options for electricity generation, post 2020 particularly in Peninsular Malaysia set up Nuclear Power Development Steering Committee (JPPKN)and three (3) Working Committees allocate RM25 million for a period of 3 years ( ) to implement activities under JPPKN Start of national interest in nuclear energy for POWER Generation Energy Forum 9 th August, 2010Sheraton Imperial, Kuala Lumpur 39

40 NUCLEAR POWER DEVELOPMENT STEERING COMMITTEE NUCLEAR POWER PROGRAM WORKING COMMITTEE (MNA) Educational Program and Public Awareness Human Capital Development Technology Assessment NUCLEAR POWER PROJECT WORKING COMMITTEE (TNB) Site Identification Nuclear Fuel Procurement Planning Nuclear Power Plant Conceptual Design (including Project Management and Quality Assurance) REGULATORY DEVELOPMENT COORDINATION WORKING COMMITTEE (AELB & ST) Regulation and Licensing of Electricity Generation Regulation and Licensing of Nuclear Power Plant

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42 OGE vision in 2020: bigger, more value adding, more efficient, and more diversified INDICATIVE ONLY GW Hydro, up to 1.25GW Solar, 2 GW Nuclear power Leading oil & gas producer in South East Asia stable production at thousand barrels per day million tonnes regional oil storage and trading hub #1 oil field services hub in Asia - Regional HQ of MNCs, new regional champions Reduce energy bill by 5% through energy efficiency best practices First LNG imports into Malaysia to substitute expensive fuel and create new industries Oil, Gas and Energy central to Malaysia economy (20% of GDP) SOURCE: OGE NKEA Lab 42

43 Solar for peak, Nuclear for baseload Nuclear & renewable energy complement each other Opportunity for solar energy to replace gas! In Malaysia, peak demand coincides with period of sunlight! Peak Demand Baseload generation provides a role for nuclear energy.

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46 Four (4) critical path items must be addressed with highest priority to ensure prompt delivery, which are: Item 1 awaits commencement of PIPA Activities by KeTTHA Items 2 and 3 are on-going. MNPC has signed a contract with a consultant from Vienna, Austria in June 2011 to undertake a one (1) year legal and regulatory study. For item 4, MNPC and TNB made a special briefing to the Government in Jun 2011 regarding selection and ranking of five (5) candidate NPP sites in Peninsular Malaysia. MNPC has appointed an international consultant. 46

47 The four (4) high priority items identified above must be completed during the pre-project phase. Comprehensive Studies to be completed during Pre-Project Phase: 1. Legal and Regulatory Infrastructure Study ( ) 2. Communication Strategy and Plan ( ) 3. Nuclear Power Infrastructure Development Plan (NPIDP), Feasibility Study and Site Evaluation ( )

48 Project Regulatory & Programme

49 IAEA-Compliant TIMELINE Nuclear power to be considered MILESTONE 0 Nuclear as energy option MILESTONE 1 Commitment to nuclear MILESTONE 2 Invite bids for the first NPP MILESTONE 3 Commission of first NPP Infrastructure development programme PHASE 0 PHASE 1 PHASE 2 PHASE 3 Readiness to include nuclear as a national energy strategy option Considerations before decision to launch nuclear power program is taken Preparatory work for construction of a NPP after a policy decision has been taken Activities to implement first NPP Maintenance and continuous infrastructure improvement Pre-policy 16 July 2010 Govt. adopted national nuclear policy Pre-project Investment feasibility study Project definition Procurement process Construction Ops Commissioning Source: TNB-CRA study Nuclear Roadmap For Malaysia Feb

50 Summary of Government Decisions 16 th July 2010 Government adopted National Nuclear Policy for energy and nonenergy applications 10 th December 2010 Agreement to establish a Nuclear Energy Programme Implementing Organisation (NEPIO) as recommended by IAEA NEPIO to be administered by Prime Minister s Office PAST GO NUCLEAR DECISION in 2013 or early 2014? Completed Preliminary Feasibility Study and Preliminary Site Selection & Ranking Continuing with Full Feasibility Study and Site Investigation to secure Site License. Completion of planned Pre-project activities by MNPC by end-2013 TODAY th June 2009 Consider nuclear energy as one of the options for electricity generation post-2020 in Pen. Malaysia Allocated RM25 million for th October 2010 ETP launched Nuclear energy identified as one of the 12 Entry Point Projects (EPP) under Oil, Gas & Energy Sector 7 th January 2011 Establishment of MNPC as NEPIO MNPC will lead the NP planning based on IAEA Requirements and ETP Nuclear Timeline ETP Oil, Gas & Energy 5 GW Hydro 1.25 GW Solar 2 GW Nuclear 50

51 MNPC is a company limited by guarantee and not having a share capital and incorporated on 7 January MNPC is ADMINISTERED by the Prime Minister's Department. To plan, spearhead and coordinate the implementation of nuclear energy development programme for Malaysia and to take the necessary action to realize the development of the first nuclear power plant in Malaysia (targeted by 2021 as per ETP Nuclear Timeline). To ensure the development of nuclear infrastructure for the country is in line with International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) guidelines covering 19 key areas (national position, nuclear safety, management, funding and financing, legislative framework, safeguards, regulatory framework, radiation protection, electrical grid, human resource development, stakeholder involvement, site and supporting facilities, environmental protection, emergency planning, security and physical protection, nuclear fuel cycle, radioactive waste, industrial involvement and procurement). To identify company or special purpose vehicle (SPV) to be the owner and/or operator of nuclear power plant.

52 Cabinet Committee on Nuclear Power, chaired by YAB Prime Minister Board of Directors Chairman: Y. Bhg. Prof. Dato Dr. Aziuddin Ahmad (Independent) Ex-Officio: YBhg Datuk Dr Rahamat Bivi Yusoff (EPU) Y.Bhg. Datuk Loo Took Gee (KeTTHA) Y. Bhg Dato Madinah Mohamad (MoSTI) Member: Y. Brs. Dr. Mohd Emir Mavani (PEMANDU) Chief Executive Officer Dr. Mohd Zamzam Jaafar Company Secretary Pn. Shamsiah A Rahman

53 Chief Executive Officer 1 Director 3 Senior Manger/Manager 4 BOARD OF DIRECTORS Assistance Manager 1 Executive 4 CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER Support Staff 3 Total 16 NUCLEAR POWER PROGRAMME DEVELOPMENT REGULATORY COORDINATION PROJECT DEVELOPMENT CORPORATE SERVICES DIRECTOR Officer from MNA SENIOR MANAGER/ MANAGER DIRECTOR Officer from AELB SENIOR MANAGER/ MANAGER DIRECTOR Officer frm x-tnb SENIOR MANAGER/ MANAGER Corporate Communications SENIOR MANAGER/ MANAGER ASST MANAGER HR & ADMIN EXECUTIVE EXECUTIVE EXECUTIVE FINANCE EXECUTIVE * Replicating the Steering Committee (MNPC Board of Directors) and 3 Working Groups formed in July 2009 (see slide #41). MNPC is a lean organisation which coordinates and collaborates with several stakeholders, at home & abroad.

54 Phase 1 Pre-Project NEPIO is responsible for most of the activities being undertaken. No of staff involved is relatively small and drawn from various government departments Much of the actual specialist work are performed by external experts/expert groups. Type of work is a mixture of policy and details high level staff and details staff Phase 2 Project Definition At the beginning of Phase 2, the NEPIO is still driving the programme Other key responsible organisations, including the RB and the OO organisation should be fully established and taking an increasingly active role. Core Project Management Team for the construction of the plant should be in place Early recruitment of those Operations staff with long training lead-times should begin. End of Phase 2, the NEPIO hands over many of its early tasks to the various responsible organisations Phase 3 Construction By the beginning of Phase 3, the NEPIO will still have an oversight role, especially if the first NPP is part of a bigger programme, OO Organisation is responsible for management of NPP construction and commissioning. RB will be actively engaged in the licensing of the plant and overseeing construction, as appropriate. The OO Organisation will be actively recruiting and training its permanent plant staff

55 MILESTONE 1 MILESTONE 2 Government Ministries & others Utilities Nat. industry Regulators? Owner Operator Atomic E.A. Nuclear Regulator Universities NEPIO NEPIO Stakeholders National Suppliers Phase 1 Phase 2 55 Source: Nuclear Roadmap for Malaysia, 2009 (unpublished)

56 MALAYSIA NUCLEAR POWER CORPORATION Ministry of Finance Ministry of Energy, Green Tech & Water Ministry of Science, Technology & Innovation Atomic Energy Licensing Board EPU Energy Commission Dept. of Environment PEMANDU IN-COUNTRY DOSH Malaysia Nuclear Agency Universities Tenaga Nasional Berhad REGIONAL INTERNATIONAL Asia Nuclear Safety Network (ANSN) IAEA ASEAN NEC-SSN (Nuclear Energy Cooperation) APPOINTED CONSULTANTS Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia (FNCA) NGOs, PUBLIC 56

57 1)NEPIO : 10 50(Depends on Expert Groups Support) 0 (Close to) 2)REG BODY : Tech Support 3)OP ORG : 0 20 to to 1200 NEPIO REG BODY OP ORG 1000 Milestone 1 Milestone 2 Op Training 2-3 yrs Milestone Phase 1 No. of people Phase 2 Site investigation & Bid preparation Phase 3 Design,Construct,Comm Commissioning Multi units Multi units 1 Unit 1 Unit Years (indicative only) Plant O&M staff need to commence training 4 years prior to Figure 7. Manpower in managing 1 st NPP Project construction start Source : IAEA

58 Median Plant Staffing Numbers by Function Nuclear Work Function 1-Unit 2-Unit Median Median Admin/Clerical ALARA 4 4 Budget/Accting 7 9 Chemistry Communications 2 2 Computer Engineering 3 4 Contracts 1 3 Decon/Radwaste Design/Drafting 5 7 Document Control/Records Emergency Preparedness 5 5 Environmental 3 3 Facilities Fire Protection 1 2 Health Physics Applied Health Physics Support 8 10 Human Resources 4 4 Information Management Licensing 7 9 Maintenance/Construction Maintenance/Construction Support Management Nuclear Work Function 1-Unit 2-Unit Median Median Management Support 2 2 Materials Management 3 4 Mods Engineering Nuclear Fuels 4 7 Nuclear Safety Review 6 6 Operations Operations Support Outage Management 5 7 Plant Engineering Procurement Engineering 5 6 Project Management 7 11 Purchasing 4 7 QA 8 11 QC/NDE 7 7 Reactor Engineering 4 5 Safety/Health 2 3 Scheduling Security Technical Engineering Training Warehouse 9 14 Total SOURCE: IAEA Nuclear Energy Series No. NG-T-3.3 Feb 2009

59 Professionals, Technicians & Craftsmen Requirements professionals required for nuclear power programme planning & project pre-planning letter of intent commence construction award of contract to build first nuclear plant commence commissioning plant commissioning professionals, technicians & craftsmen required for nuclear plant operation Year 2008? 2010? plant construction 2021? pre-project bid plant component fabrication planning evaluation second nuclear plant decision to build first nuclear plant project implementation commence operation 59

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62 The TNB-KEPCO Nuclear Pre-FS project was completed in Jun 2010 and the 3 primary objectives were met satisfactorily. Major deliverable is Master Project Schedule. This Pre-FS is the sole contemporary study on nuclear power in Malaysia, soon after announcement made on 04 May 2010 by YBM KeTTHA. A copy of Final Report was submitted to Government (EPU, EC, KeTTHA, MOSTI) on 15 July Report structure: Main Report 12 Chapters Pre-FS Final Report Appendix Primary Correspondences + Other Reports TNB-KEPCO Joint Workshop June Marriott Hotel, Putrajaya

63 Site Selection Stages STAGE 2 STAGE 3 Government Approval/ ( ) ( ) Support ( ) *STAGE 1 ( ) Requires Government Approval/Support - Public Acceptance Programme (2010) - Site Selection & Licensing Procedures (2011) - Acquisition/Gazette the Preferred/Confirmed Site (s) (2012) -Issuance of Class F Site Licence on 1st NPS Site (2013) Site Feasibility Study/Evaluation & Licensing - Site Feasibility Study/Evaluation on 1 or 2 Preferred Site(s) - Confirmed 1 st NPS Site - Site Acquisition/Gazette - On Site Meteorological Data Acquisition - EIA, SIA & RIA Reports on 1st NPS Site - Apply Class F Site Licence on 1st NPS Site Ranking & Short Listing of Preferred sites -On the ground Site Verification & Qualification on 5 Candidate sites -Ranking of 5 Candidate Sites -Short Listing of 5 sites to identify Preferred Site and Alternative Preferred Site )COMPLETED IN JULY Develop NPS Siting Guidelines -Nuclear Power Station (NPS) Size & Land Requirement -Mandatory / Rejection Criteria -Assessment Parameters -Weighting Factors -Identify Potential & Candidates Sites -Peer Review by KEPCO & IAEA Requires Evaluation Criteria & Procedures from Authority Desktop Study (COMPLETED SEPT 09) 63

64 Factors to consider in Site Selection Earthquake Zones in South East Asia Site Selection Weighting Factors Stable Sunda Tectonic Plate Public Safety & Health (50%) Radiation exposure, Population, Extreme natural events, Hazardous installations Environment (20%) Ecology, Water quality Socio-economic (15%) Coastal resources, Land Use, Archaeology Engineering Costs (15%) Foundation, Accessibility, Proximity to grid, Cooling water *Petersen et al, Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis for Sumatra, Indonesia and across the Southern Malaysian Peninsula, Tectonophysics, Volume 390, Issues 1-4, October 2004, Pages *Weighting factor sourced from UM study 64

65 COD: October Preparation Phase Decision Phase Implementation Phase Launch Project Development Pre-Feasibility Study (PFS) Feasibility Study (PFS) Basic & Detailed Design Bid Invitation & Evaluation Contract Award & Vendor Procurement Site Grading & Excavation Construction Commissioning Programme & Regulatory Development Regulatory Framework Preparation Site & Construction Licenses & Preliminary Safety Analysis Operation License & Safety Reports Signing/Ratifying or Acceding to International Instruments & Legislative Development NPIDP, Site Investigations Preliminary Safety Analysis Report (PSAR) Construction License Site License Pre-Operational Baseline Radiological Data Gathering Final Safety Analysis Report (PSAR) for Operating License Operator Training Continuous Stakeholder Involvement, Public Information, Human Capital, Industrial & Technological Development KeTTHA to decide when to start PI/PA activities Source: MNA, Workshop on Plan of Action of National Nuclear Policy, Nov. 2010

66 Pre-Project Project * Time in month Preparation Phase Decision Phase Implementation Phase Launch Year Pre-Feasibility Study (PFS) Planning & PM Feb NPIDP, Feasibility Study, & Bid Documents (including Basic Design) 6 Detailed Design Development Order by Govt 21 Data Acquisition & Site Evaluation SL Licensing & Site Site License SPV to issue LOI 12 (30) Preliminary Safety Analysis Report (PSAR) CL Construction License 12 OL Final Safety Analysis Report (FSAR) for Operating License 42 Contract Bid Invitation & Evaluation 12 Award 12 Contract Award & Vendor Procurement Site Grading & Excavation Project Implementation MNPC appointed Successful Consultant in Jan Construction 53 Commissioning 7 COD Dec

67 o Nuclear Power Infrastructure Development Plan (NPIDP) will be prepared first to assess Malaysia s STATE of READINESS and take appropriate actions to be NUCLEAR READY. Status & Progress will be regularly reviewed together with the IAEA o Site Evaluation will QUALIFY that it is SAFE to build NPP on one of three (3) candidate NPP Sites in Peninsular Malaysia after at least eighteen (18) months of on-site analysis and then initiate NPP Site License application o Feasibility Study will be carried out on the final selected NPP site including LESSONS LEARNED from Fukushima as well as the Reactor Technology options (PWR, BWR or PHWR) o Finally, the Bid Document will be the basis to invite potential turnkey NPP vendors to bid if a NATIONAL decision is taken to proceed with the 1 st NPP project or GO NUCLEAR in 2014

68 NPIDP will assess our STATE-of- READINESS, as per IAEA 19 key infrastructure issues during Phase 1 to Phase 3 of Nuclear Power Development, as we progress to achieve 3 well-defined Milestones ( timeframe):- MILESTONE 1 (end-2013) Ready to make a Knowledgeable Commitment to a nuclear programme MILESTONE 2 (Q1 2014) Ready to invite bids for the first NPP Project MILESTONE 3 (end-2021) Ready to Commission and Operate the First NPP Source: IAEA NG-T-3.2 Evaluation of status of national nuclear infrastructure development, 2008

69 o Radiation & nuclear Research Reactor are NOT new to Malaysia o Malaysia aspires to become a high-income and developed nation and Peninsular Malaysia needs NUCLEAR electricity, post-2020 o Deploying Nuclear Energy for Power Generation is one of Entry Point Projects (EPP11 OGE Sector) in ETP report, launched by our YAB Prime Minister on 25 Oct 2010 o MNPC will plan, spearhead and coordinate the implementation of nuclear energy development programme for Malaysia and take the necessary action(s) to realize development of the FIRST nuclear power plant in Malaysia (target COD in 2021) o Together with relevant Stakeholders, MNPC strives to ensure that Peninsular Malaysia will be NUCLEAR READY in 2013/14 awaits a well-informed NATIONAL decision to GO NUCLEAR then

70 A-1-01 & A-1-03 (Level 1) SME Technopreneur Centre , Jalan Usahawan Cyberjaya