~ NRCS. Custom Soil Resource Report for Douglas-Plateau Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties. United States Department of Agriculture

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1 ) Unted States Department of Agrculture NRCS Natural Resources Conservaton Servce A product of the Natonal Cooperatve Sol Survey a jont effort of the Unted States Department of Agrculture and other Federal agences State agences ncludng the Agrcultural Experment Statons and local partcpants Custom Sol Resource Report for Douglas-Plateau Area Colorado Parts of Garfeld and Mesa Countes ) January 22010

2 ) Preface Sol surveys contan nformaton that affects land use plannng n survey areas. They hghlght sol lmtatons that affect varous land uses and provde nformaton about the propertes of the sols n the survey areas. Sol surveys are desgned for many dfferent users ncludng farmers ranchers foresters agronomsts urban planners communty offcals engneers developers bulders and home buyers. Also conservatonsts teachers students and specalsts n recreaton waste dsposal and polluton control can use the surveys to help them understand protect or enhance the envronment. Varous land use regulatons of Federal State and local governments may mpose specal restrctons on land use or land treatment. Sol surveys dentfy sol propertes that are used n makng varous land use or land treatment decsons. The nformaton s ntended to help the land users dentfy and reduce the effects of sol lmtatons on varous land uses. The landowner or user s responsble for dentfyng and complyng wth exstng laws and regulatons. Although sol survey nformaton can be used for general farm local and wder area plannng on ste nvestgaton s needed to supplement ths nformaton n some cases. Examples nclude sol qualty assessments (hup:llsols.usda.gov/sq/) and certan conservaton and engneerng applcatons. For more detaled nformaton contact your local USDA Servce Center (hup:/offces.sc.egov.usda.gov/locator/app? agency=nrcs) or your NRCS State Sol Scentst (hup:/sols.usda.gov/contacu state_offces/). ) Great dfferences n sol propertes can occur wthn short dstances. Some sols are seasonally wet or subject to floodng. Some are too unstable to be used as a foundaton for buldngs or roads. Clayey orwet sols are poorly suted to use as septc tank absorpton felds. A hgh water table makes a sol poorly suted to basements or underground nstallatons. The Natonal Cooperatve Sol Survey s a jont effort of the Unted States Department of Agrculture and other Federal agences State agences ncludng the Agrcultural Experment Statons and local agences. The Natural Resources Conservaton Servce (NRCS) has leadershp for the Federal part of the Natonal Cooperatve Sol Survey. nformaton about sols s updated perodcally. Updated nformaton s avalable through the NRCS Sol Data Mart Web ste or the NRCS Web Sol Survey. The Sol Data Mart s the data storage ste for the offcal sol survey nformaton. The U.S. Department of Agrculture (USDA) prohbts dscrmnaton n all ts programs and actvtes on the bass of race color natonal orgn age dsablty and where applcable sex martal status famlal status parental status relgon sexual orentaton genetc nformaton poltcal belefs reprsal or because all or a part of an ndvdual's ncome s derved from any publc assstance program. (Not all prohbted bases apply to all programs.) Persons wth dsabltes who requre alternatve means 2

3 for communcaton of program nformaton (Bralle large prnt audotape etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) (voce and TOD). To fle a complant of dscrmnaton wrte to USDA Drector Offce of Cvl Rghts 1400 ndependence Avenue S.w. Washngton D.C or call (800) (voce) or (202) (TDD). USDA s an equal opportunty provder and employer. 3

4 Contents Preface... 2 How Sol Surveys Are Made... 5 Sol Map... 7 Sol Map... 8 Legend... 9 Map Unt Legend Map Unt Descrptons Douglas-Plateau Area Colorado Parts of Garfeld and Mesa Countes Cumulc Haploborols 1 to 3 percent slopes Happle very channery sandy loam 3 to 12 percent slopes Happle-Rock outcrop assocaton 25 to 65 percent slopes Tosca channery loam 25 to 80 percent slopes Sol nformaton for All Uses Sol Reports AO nventory Map Unt Descrpton (Bref Generated) (NRCS Sol Survey) References

5 How Sol Surveys Are Made Sol surveys are made to provde nformaton about the sols and mscellaneous areas n a specfc area. They nclude a descrpton of the sols and mscellaneous areas and ther locaton on the landscape and tables that show sol propertes and lmtatons affectng varous uses. Sol scentsts observed the steepness length and shape of the slopes; the general pattern of dranage; the knds of crops and natve plants; and the knds of bedrock. They observed and descrbed many sol profles. A sol profle s the sequence of natural layers or horzons n a sol. The profle extends from the surface down nto the unconsoldated materal n whch the sol formed or from the surface down to bedrock. The unconsoldated materal s devod of roots and other lvng organsms and has not been changed by other bologcal actvty. Currently sols are mapped accordng to the boundares of major land resource areas (MLRAs). MLRAs are geographcally assocated land resource unts that share common characterstcs related to physography geology clmate water resources sols bologcal resources and land uses (USDA 2006). Sol survey areas typcally consst of parts of one or more MLRA. The sols and mscellaneous areas n a survey area occur n an orderly pattern that s related to the geology landforms relef clmate and natural vegetaton of the area. Each knd of sol and mscellaneous area s assocated wth a partcular knd of landform or wth a segment of the landform. By observng the sols and mscellaneous areas n the survey area and relatng ther poston to specfc segments of the landform a sol scentst develops a concept or model of how they were formed. Thus durng mappng ths model enables the sol scentst to predct wth a consderable degree of accuracy the knd of sol or mscellaneous area at a specfc locaton on the landscape. Commonly ndvdual sols on the landscape merge nto one another as ther characterstcs gradually change. To construct an accurate sol map however sol scentsts must determne the boundares between the sols. They can observe only a lmted number of sol profles. Nevertheless these observatons supplemented by an understandng of the sol-vegetaton-andscape relatonshp are suffcent to verfy predctons of the knds of sol n an area and to determne the boundares. Sol scentsts recorded the characterstcs of the sol profles that they studed. They noted sol color texture sze and shape of sol aggregates knd and amount of rock fragments dstrbuton of plant roots reacton and other features that enable them to dentfy sols. After descrbng the sols n the survey area and determnng ther propertes the sol scentsts assgned the sols to taxonomc classes (unts). Taxonomc classes are concepts. Each taxonomc class has a set of sol characterstcs wth precsely defned lmts. The classes are used as a bass for comparson to classfy sols systematcally. Sol taxonomy the system of taxonomc classfcaton used n the Unted States s based manly on the knd and character of sol propertes and the arrangement of horzons wthn the profle. After the sol scentsts classfed and named the sols n the survey area they compared the 5

6 Custom Sol Resource Report ndvdual sols wth smlar sols n the same taxonomc class n other areas so that they could confrm data and assemble addtonal data based on experence and research. The objectve of sol mappng s not to delneate pure map unt components; the objectve s to separate the landscape nto landforms or landform segments that have smlar use and management requrements. Each map unt s defned by a unque combnaton of sol components and/or mscellaneous areas n predctable proportons. Some components may be hghly contrastng to the other components of the map unt. The presence of mnor components n a map unt n no way dmnshes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The delneaton of such landforms and landform segments on the map provdes suffcent nformaton for the development of resource plans. f ntensve use of small areas s planned on ste nvestgaton s needed to defne and locate the sols and mscellaneous areas. Sol scentsts make many feld observatons n the process of producng a sol map. The frequency of observaton s dependent upon several factors ncludng scale of mappng ntensty of mappng desgn of map unts complexty of the landscape and experence of the sol scentst. Observatons are made to test and refne the sollandscape model and predctons and to verfy the classfcaton of the sols at specfc locatons. Once the sol-landscape model s refned a sgnfcantly smaller number of measurements of ndvdual sol propertes are made and recorded. These measurements may nclude feld measurements such as those for color depth to bedrock and texture and laboratory measurements such as those for content of sand slt clay salt and other components. Propertes of each sol typcally vary from one pont to another across the landscape. Observatons for map unt components are aggregated to develop ranges of characterstcs for the components. The aggregated values are presented. Drect measurements do not exst for every property presented for every map unt component. Values for some propertes are estmated from combnatons of other propertes. Whle a sol survey s n progress samples of some of the sols n the area generally are collected for laboratory analyses and for engneerng tests. Sol scentsts nterpret the data from these analyses and tests as well as the feld-observed characterstcs and the sol propertes to determne the expected behavor of the sols under dfferent uses. nterpretatons for all of the sols are feld tested through observaton of the sols n dfferent uses and under dfferent levels of management. Some nterpretatons are modfed to ft local condtons and some new nterpretatons are developed to meet local needs. Data are assembled from other sources such as research nformaton producton records and feld experence of specalsts. For example data on crop yelds under defned levels of management are assembled from farm records and from feld or plot experments on the same knds of sol. Predctons about sol behavor are based not only on sol propertes but also on such varables as clmate and bologcal actvty. Sol condtons are predctable over long perods of tme but they are not predctable from year to year. For example sol scentsts can predct wth a farly hgh degree of accuracy that a gven sol wll have a hgh water table wthn certan depths n most years but they cannot predct that a hgh water table wll always be at a specfc level n the sol on a specfc date. After sol scentsts located and dentfed the sgnfcant natural bodes of sol n the survey area they drew the boundares of these bodes on aeral photographs and dentfed each as a specfc map unt. Aeral photographs show trees buldngs felds roads and rvers all of whch help n locatng boundares accurately. 6

7 Sol Map The sol map secton ncludes the sol map for the defned area of nterest a lst of sol map unts on the map and extent of each map unt and cartographc symbols dsplayed on the map. Also presented are varous metadata about data used to produce the map and a descrpton of each sol map unt. 7

8 Custom Sol Resource Report Sol Map 39" 32' 31" 39" 32' 30" ) 39" 32' 9" 39" 32' '1' N A Map Scale: 1 :3160 ' prnted on A sze (8.5" x 11 ") sheet 0 '" Meters 180 Feet lJO

9 Custom Sol Resource Report MAP LEGEND Area of nterest (AO) (Xl Very Stony Spot D Area of nterest (AO). Wet Spot Sols 0 Sol Map Unts Specal Pont Features '" J8J Blowout Borrow Pt Oth. Specal Lne Features "'- Gully.'. Short Steep Slope Oth. * Clay Spot Poltcal Features Closed Depresson Ctes X Gravel Pt Water Features Gravelly Spot landfll Streams and Canals --- lava Flow Transportaton "- Rals... Marsh or swamp - nterstate Hghways Mne or MsceUaneous Water /"-' US Routes Perennal Water v Rock Outcrop + Salne Spot Sandy Spot "'" Major Roads Local Roads MAP NFORMATON Map Scale: 1 :3 160 jf prnted on A sze (8.5" x 11 ") sheet. The sol surveys that comprse your AO 'Nere mapped at 1 : Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for accurate map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservaton Servce Web Sol Survey URL: Coordnate System: UTM Zone 12N NAD83 Ths product s generated from the USDA-NRCS certfed data as of the verson date(s) lsted below. Sol Survey Area: Douglas-Plateau Area Colorado Parts of Garfeld and Mesa Countes Survey Area Data: Verson 5 Feb Date(s) aeral mages were photographed: 8/2/1993 The orthophoto or other base map on whch the sol lnes were compled and dgtzed probably dffers from the background magery dsplayed on these maps. As a result some mnor shftng of map unt boundares may be evdent. = Severely Eroded Spot 0 Snkhole 9 Slde or Slp j$ Sode Spot ;: Spol Area 0 Stony Spot

10 Custom Sol Resource Report ) Map Unt Legend Douglas Plateau Area Colorado Parts of Garfeld and Mesa Countes (C06a2) Map Unt Symbol Map Unt Name Acres n AO Percent of AO 28 Cumulc Haploborols 1 to 3 perce nt slopes Happle very channery sandy loam 3 to 12 percent GM slopes 46 Happle Rock outcrop assocaton 25 to 65 percent 11.6 slopes 67 Tosca channery loam 25 to 80 percent slopes 5.1 Totals for Area of nterest % 39.8% 29.2% 12.8% 100.0% Map Unt Descrptons The map unts delneated on the detaled sol maps n a sol survey represent the sols or mscellaneous areas n the survey area. The map unt descrptons along wth the maps can be used to determne the composton and propertes of a unt. A map unt delneaton on a sol map represents an area domnated by one or more major knds of sol or mscellaneous areas. A map unt s dentfed and named accordng to the taxonomc classfcaton of the domnant sols. Wthn a taxonomc class there are precsely defned lmts for the propertes of the sols. On the landscape however the sols are natural phenomena and they have the characterstc varablty of all natural phenomena. Thus the range of some observed propertes may extend beyond the lmts defned for a taxonomc class. Areas of sols of a sngle taxonomc class rarely f ever can be mapped wthout ncludng areas of other taxonomc classes. Consequently every map unt s made up of the sols or mscellaneous areas for whch t s named and some mnor components that belong to ta xonomc classes other than those of the major sols. ) Most mnor sols have propertes smlar to those of the domnant sol or sols n the map unt and thus they do not affect use and management. These are called noncontrastng or smlar components. They mayor may not be mentoned n a partcular map unt descrpton. Other mnor components however have propertes and behavoral characterstcs dvergent enough to affect use or to requre dfferent management. These are called contrastng or dssmlar components. They generally are n small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the scale used. Some small areas of strongly contrastng sols or mscellaneous areas are dentfed by a specal symbol on the maps. f ncluded n the database for a gven area the contrastng mnor components are dentfed n the map unt descrptons along wth some characterstcs of each. A few areas of mnor components may not have been observed and consequently they are not mentoned n the descrptons especally where the pattern was so complex that t was mpractcal to make enough observatons to dentfy all the sols and mscellaneous areas on the landscape. The presence of mnor components n a map unt n no way dmnshes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The objectve of mappng s not to delneate pure taxonomc classes but rather to separate the landscape nto landforms or landform segments that 10

11 Custom Sol Resource Report have smlar use and management requrements. The delneaton of such segments on the map provdes suffcent nformaton for the development of resource plans. f ntensve use of small areas s planned however onste nvestgaton s needed to defne and locate the sols and mscellaneous areas. An dentfyng symbol precedes the map unt name n the map unt descrptons. Each descrpton ncludes general facts about the unt and gves mportant sol propertes and qualtes. Sols that have profles that are almost alke make up a sol seres. Except for dfferences n texture of the surface layer all the sols of a seres have major horzons that are smlar n composton thckness and arrangement. Sols of one seres can dffer n texture of the surface layer slope stonness salnty degree of eroson and other characterstcs that affect ther use. On the bass of such dfferences a sol seres s dvded nto sol phases. Most of the areas shown on the detaled sol maps are phases of sol seres. The name of a sol phase commonly ndcates a feature that affects use or management. For example Alpha slt loam 0 to 2 percent slopes s a phase of the Alpha seres. Some map unts are made up of two or more major sols or mscellaneous areas. These map unts are complexes assocatons or undfferentated groups. A complex conssts of two or more sols or mscellaneous areas n such an ntrcate pattern or n such small areas that they cannot be shown separately on the maps. The pattern and proporton of the sols or mscellaneous areas are somewhat smlar n all areas. Alpha-Beta complex 0 to 6 percent slopes s an example. An assocaton s made up of two or more geographcally assocated sols or mscellaneous areas that are shown as one unt on the maps. Because of present or antcpated uses of the map unts n the survey area t was not consdered practcal or necessary to map the sols or mscellaneous areas separately. The pattern and relatve proporton of the sols or mscellaneous areas are somewhat smlar. Alpha Beta assocaton 0 to 2 percent slopes s an example. An undfferentated group s made up of two or more sols or mscellaneous areas that could be mapped ndvdually but are mapped as one unt because smlar nterpretatons can be made for use and management. The pattern and proporton of the sols or mscellaneous areas n a mapped area are not unform. An area can be made up of only one of the major sols or mscellaneous areas or t can be made up of all of them. Alpha and Beta sols 0 to 2 percent slopes s an example. Some surveys nclude mscellaneous areas. Such areas have lttle or no sol materal and support lttle or no vegetaton. Rock outcrop s an example. 11

12 Custom Sol Resource Report Douglas-Plateau Area Colorado Parts of Garfeld and Mesa Countes 28-Cumulc Haploborolls 1 to 3 percent slopes Map Unt Settng Elevaton: 5800 to 7400 feet Mean annual precptaton: 12 to 18 nches Mean annual ar temperature: 40 to 46 degrees F Frost-free perod: 80 to 110 days Map Unt Composton Cumulc haploborol/s and smlar sols: 90 percent Descrpton of Cumulc Haploborolls Settng Landform: Flood plans Down-slope shape: Lnear Across-slope shape: Lnear Parent materal: Wasatch shale formaton alluvum andlor green rver shale formaton alluvum Propertes and qualtes Slope: 1 to 3 percent Depth to restrctve feature: More than 80 nches Dranage class: Well draned Capacty of the most lmtng layer to transmt water (Ksat): Moderately hgh to hgh (0.20 to 1.98 n/hr) Depth to water table: About 36 to 72 nches Frequency of floodng: Occasonal Frequency of pondng: None Calcum carbonate maxmum content: 10 percent Maxmum salnty: Nonsalne to very slghtly salne (0.0 to 4.0 mmhos/cm) Avalable water capacty: Low (about 4.6 nches) ) nterpretve groups Land capablty (non rrgated): 4e Ecologcal ste: Foothll Swale (R048AY285CO) Typcal profle o to 8 nches: Gravelly sandy clay loam 8 to 20 nches: Very channery sandy clay loam 20 to 28 nches: Clay loam 28 to 60 nches: Stratfed very gravelly sand to extremely gravelly loamy sand 44-Happle very channery sandy loam 3 to 12 percent slopes Map Unt Settng Elevaton: 5200 to 6000 feet Mean annual precptaton: 12 to 15 nches Mean annual ar temperature: 46 to 52 degrees F 12

13 Custom Sol Resource Report Frost-free perod: 100 to 150 days Map Unt Composton Happle and smlar sols: 80 percent Descrpton of Happle Settng Landform: Alluval fans Down-slope shape: Convex Across-slope shape: Lnear Parent materal: Green rver formaton alluvum derved from shale Propertes and qualtes Slope: 3 to 12 percent Depth to restrctve feature: More than 80 nches Dranage class: Well draned Capacty of the most lmtng layer to transmt water (Ksat): Moderately hgh to hgh (0.57 to 2.00 n/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 nches Frequency of floodng: None Frequency of pondng: None Calcum carbonate. maxmum content: 10 percent Maxmum salnty: Nonsalne (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Avalable water capacty: Low (about 3.4 nches) nterpretve groups Land capablty (nonrrgated): 4e Ecologcal ste: Rollng Loam (R034XY298CO) Typcal profle o to 7 nches: Very channery sandy loam 7 to 14 nches: Very channery sandy loam 14 to 32 nches: Very channery sandy clay loam 32 to 60 nches: Extremely channery sandy loam 46-Happle-Rock outcrop assocaton 25 to 65 percent slopes Map Unt Settng Elevaton: 6200 to 7200 feet Mean annual precptaton: 12 to 15 nches Mean annual ar temperature: 46 to 52 degrees F Frost-free perod: 100 to 150 days Map Unt Composton Happle and smlar sols: 50 percent Rock outcrop: 35 percent Descrpton of Happle Settng Landform: Canyons mountans Landform poston (three-dmensonal): Mountanflank 13

14 Custom Sol Resource Report Down-slope shape: Convex Across-slope shape: Lnear Parent materal: Green rver formaton colluvum derved from shale Propertes and qualtes Slope: 25 to 65 percent Depth to restrctve feature: More than 80 nches Dranage class: Well draned Capacty of the most lmtng layer to transmt water (Ksat): Moderately hgh to hgh (0.57 to 2.00 n/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 nches Frequency of floodng: None Frequency of pondng: None Calcum carbonate maxmum content: 10 percent Maxmum salnty: Nonsalne (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Avalable water capacty: Low (about 3.4 nches) nterpretve groups Land capablty (nonrrgated): 7e Ecologcal ste: Steep Colluval Slopes (R034XY445CO) Typcal profle a to 7 nches: Very channery sandy loam 7 to 14 nches: Very channery sandy loam 14 to 32 nches: Very channery sandy clay loam 32 to 60 nches: Extremely channery sandy loam Descrpton of Rock Outcrop Propertes and qualtes Slope: 40 to 65 percent Depth to restrctve feature: 0 nches to lthc bedrock Capacty of the most lmtng layer to transmt water (Ksat): Very low to low (0.00 to 0.00 n/hr) Avalable water capacty: Very low (about 0.0 nches) nterpretve groups Land capablty (nonrrgated): 8s Typcal profle a to 60 nches: Unweathered bedrock 67-Tosca channery loam 25 to 80 percent slopes Map Unt Settng Elevaton: 6200 to 8500 feet Mean annual precptaton: 16 to 20 nches Mean annual ar temperature: 40 to 46 degrees F Frost-free perod: 85 to 110 days Map Unt Composton Tasca and smlar sols: 80 percent 14

15 Custom Sol Resource Report Descrpton of Tosca Settng Landform: Mountans Landform poston (three-dmensonal): Lower thrd of mountanflank Down-slope shape: Concave Across-slope shape: Lnear Parent materal: Green rver colluvum derved from shale Propertes and qualtes Slope: 25 to 80 percent Depth to restrctve feature: More than 80 nches Dranage class: Well draned Capacty of the most lmtng layer to transmt water (Ksat): Moderately hgh to hgh (0.57 to 1.98 n/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 nches Frequency of floodng: None Frequency of pondng: None Calcum carbonate maxmum content: 40 percent Maxmum salnty: Nonsalne (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Sodum adsorpton rato maxmum: 5.0 Avalable water capacty: Low (about 5.1 nches) nterpretve groups Land capablty (nonrrgated): 7e Ecologcal ste: Brushy Loam (R048AY238CO) Typcal profle o to 8 nches: Channery loam 8 to 46 nches: Very channery loam 46 to 60 nches: Very channery loam 15

16 Sol nformaton for All Uses Sol Reports The Sol Reports secton ncludes varous formatted tabular and narratve reports (tables) contanng data for each selected sol map unt and each component of each unt. No aggregaton of data has occurred as s done n reports n the Sol Propertes and Qualtes and Sutabltes and Lmtatons sectons. The reports contan sol nterpretve nformaton as well as basc sol propertes and qualtes. A descrpton of each report (table) s ncluded. AOllnventory Ths folder contans a collecton of tabular reports that present a varety of sol nformaton. ncluded are varous map unt descrpton reports specal sol nterpretaton reports and data summary reports. Map Unt Descrpton (Bref Generated) (NRCS Sol Survey) The map unts delneated on the detaled sol maps n a sol survey represent the sols or mscellaneous areas n the survey area. The map unt descrptons n ths report along wth the maps can be used to determne the composton and propertes of a unt. A map unt delneaton on a sol map represents an area domnated by one or more major knds of sol or mscellaneous areas. A map unt s dentfed and named accordng to the taxonomc classfcaton of the domnant sols. Wthn a taxonomc class there are precsely defned lmts for the propertes olthe sols. On the landscape however the sols are natural phenomena and they have the characterstc varablty of all natural phenomena. Thus the range of some observed propertes may extend beyond the lmts defned for a taxonomc class. Areas of sols of a sngle taxonomc class rarely f ever can be mapped wthout ncludng areas of other taxonomc classes. Consequently every map unt s made up of the sols or mscellaneous areas for whch t s named and some mnor components that belong to taxonomc classes other than those of the major sols. The Map Unt Descrpton (Bref Generated) report dsplays a generated descrpton of the major sols that occur n a map unt. Descrptons of non-sol (mscellaneous 16

17 Custom Sol Resource Report ) areas) and mnor map unt components are not ncluded. Ths descrpton s generated from the underlyng sol attrbute data. Addtonal nformaton about the map unts descrbed n ths report s avalable n other Sol Data Mart reports whch gve propertes of the sols and the lmtatons capabltes and potentals for many uses. Also the narratves that accompany the Sol Data Mart reports defne some of the propertes ncluded n the map unt descrptons. Report-Map Unt Descrpton (Bref Generated) (NRCS Sol Survey) Douglas-Plateau Area Colorado Parts of Garfeld and Mesa Countes Map Unt: 28-Cumulc Haploborolls 1 to 3 percent slopes Component: Cumulc Haploborolls (90%) ) The Cumulc Haploborolls component makes up 90 percent of the map unt. Slopes are 1 to 3 percent. Ths component s on flood plans. The parent materal conssts of wasatch shale formaton alluvum andlor green rver shale formaton alluvum. Depth to a root restrctve layer s greater than 60 nches. The natural dranage class s well draned. Water movement n the most restrctve layer s moderately hgh. Avalable water to a depth of 60 nches s low. Shrnk-swell potental s low. Ths sol s occasonally flooded. t s not ponded. A seasonal zone of water saturaton s at 54 nches durng May June July. Organc matter content n the surface horzon s about 2 percent. Ths component s n the R048AY285CO Foothll Swale ecologcal ste. Nonrrgated land capablty classfcaton s 4e. Ths sol does not meet hydrc crtera. The calcum carbonate equvalent wthn 40 nches typcally does not exceed 8 percent. Map Unt: 44-Happle very channery sandy loam 3 to 12 percent slopes Component: Happle (80%) The Happle component makes up 80 percent of the map unt. Slopes are 3 to 12 percent. Ths component s on alluval fans. The parent materal conssts of green rver formaton alluvum derved from shale. Depth to a root restrctve layer s greater than 60 nches. The natural dranage class s well draned. Water movement n the most restrctve layer s moderately hgh. Avalable water to a depth of 60 nches s low. Shrnk-swell potental s low. Ths sol s not flooded. t s not ponded. There s no zone of water saturaton wthn a depth of 72 nches. Organc matter content n the surface horzon s about 1 percent. Ths component s n the R034XY298CO Rollng Loam ecologcal ste. Nonrrgated land capablty classfcaton s 4e. Ths sol does not meet hydrc crtera. The calcum carbonate equvalent wthn 40 nches typcally does not exceed 8 percent. Map Unt: 46-Happle-Rock outcrop assocaton 25 to 65 percent slopes 17

18 Custom Sol Resource Report Component: Happle (50%) The Happle component makes up 50 percent of the map unt. Slopes are 25 to 65 percent. Ths component s on canyons mountans. The parent materal conssts of green rver formaton colluvum derved from shale. Depth to a root restrctve layer s greater than 60 nches. The natural dranage class s well draned. Water movement n the most restrctve layer s moderately hgh. Avalable water to a depth of 60 nches s low. Shrnk-swell potental s low. Ths sol s not flooded. t s not ponded. There s no zone of water saturaton wthn a depth of 72 nches. Organc matter content n the surface horzon s about 1 percent. Ths component s n the R034XY445CO Steep Colluval Slopes ecologcal ste. Nonrrgated land capablty classfcaton s 7e. Ths sol does not meet hydrc crtera. The calcum carbonate equvalent wthn 40 nches typcally does not exceed 8 percent. Component: Rock outcrop (35%) Generated bref sol descrptons are created for major sol components. The Rock outcrop s a mscellaneous area. Map Unt: 67-Tasca channery loam 25 to 80 percent slopes Component: Tasca (80%) The Tasca component makes up 80 percent of the map unt. Slopes are 25 to 80 percent. Ths component s on mountans. The parent materal conssts of green rver colluvum derved from shale. Depth to a root restrctve layer s greater than 60 nches. The natural dranage class s well draned. Water movement n the most restrctve layer s moderately hgh. Avalable water to a depth of 60 nches s low. Shrnk-swell potental s low. Ths sol s not flooded. t s not ponded. There s no zone of water saturaton wthn a depth of 72 nches. Organc matter content n the surface horzon s about 2 percent. Ths component s n the R048AY238CO Brushy Loam ecologcal ste. Nonrrgated land capablty classfcaton s 7e. Ths sol does not meet hydrc crtera. The calcum carbonate equvalent wthn 40 nches typcally does not exceed 28 percent. The sol has a slghtly sodc horzon wthn 30 nches of the sol surface. 18

19 References Amercan Assocaton of State Hghway and Transportaton Offcals (AASHTO) Standard specfcatons for transportaton materals and methods of samplng and testng. 24th edton. Amercan Socety for Testng and Materals (ASTM) Standard classfcaton of sols for engneerng purposes. ASTM Standard D Cowardn L.M. V. Carter F.C. Golet and E.T. LaRoe Classfcaton of wetlands and deep-water habtats of the Unted States. U.S. Fsh and Wldlfe Servce FWS/OBS-79/31. Federal Regster. July Changes n hydrc sols of the Unted States. Federal Regster. September Hydrc sols of the Unted States. Hurt G.w. and L.M. Vaslas edtors. Verson Feld ndcators of hydrc sols n the Unted States. Natonal Research Councl Wetlands: Characterstcs and boundares. Sol Survey Dvson Staff Sol survey manual. Sol Conservaton Servce. U.S. Department of Agrculture Handbook 18. hup:/sols.usda.govl Sol Survey Staff Sol taxonomy: A basc system of sol classfcaton for makng and nterpretng sol surveys. 2nd edton. Natural Resources Conservaton Servce U.S. Department of Agrculture Handbook Sol Survey Staff Keys to sol taxonomy. 10th edton. U.S. Department of Agrculture Natural Resources Conservaton Servce. hup:/sols.usda.govl Tner R.w. Jr Wetlands of Delaware. U.S. Fsh and Wldlfe Servce and Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Envronmental Control Wetlands Secton. Unted States Army Corps of Engneers Envronmental Laboratory Corps of Engneers wetlands delneaton manual. Waterways Experment Staton Techncal Report Y Unted States Department of Agrculture Natural Resources Conservaton Servce. Natonal forestry manual. Unted States Department of Agrculture Natural Resources Conservaton Servce. Natonal range and pasture handbook. hup :/ Unted States Department of Agrculture Natural Resources Conservaton Servce. Natonal sol survey handbook ttle 430-V. Unted States Department of Agrculture Natural Resources Conservaton Servce Land resource regons and major land resource areas of the Unted States the Carbbean and the Pacfc Basn. U.S. Department of Agrculture Handbook 296. hup:/sols.usda.govl 19

20 Custom Sol Resource Report Unted States Department of Agrculture Sol Conservaton Servce Land capablty classfcaton. U.S. Department of Agrculture Handbook

21 Geotechncal t:engneerng Group nc. GEOTECHNCAL NVESTGATON Well Pad DPG-1c Pceance Basn Development Project Garfeld County Colorado USA Prepared For: MCBU Major Captal Projects Chevron North Amerca Exploraton and Producton Company Rchmond Ave Sute 300 Houston TX Attenton: Mr. Tmothy J. Barrett P.E. Chevron Document No. PBSR-6981-CVW-GEO-RPT-GEG Job No October Geotechncal Envronmental and Materals Testng Consultants Grand Juncton - Montrose - Moab - Crested Butte (970) fax (970) geotechncalgroup.com 2308 nterstate Avenue Grand Juncton Colorado 81505

22 TABLE OF CONTENTS SCOPE... 1 SUMMARY OF CONCLUSONS... 1 STE CONDTONS... 2 PROPOSED CONSTRUCTON... 4 SUBSURFACE CONDTONS... 6 STE DEVELOPMENT... 8 EXCAVATON... 8 EMBANKMENT... 9 SOLDS AND LQUDS PT SLOPES GENERAL SLOPE CONSDERATONS PT SEEPAGE CONSDERATONS FOU NDA TONS MAT ON GRADE- DRLL RG (2.897 PSF MAXMUM BEARNG: 4 NCH SETTLEMENT TOLERANCE) EQUPMENT ON GRADE: SEM-PERMANENT PRODUCTON AREA (4-NCH SETTLEMENT TOLERANCE) EQUPMENT ON GRADE- TEMPORARY TRALERS AND ASSOCATED DRLL EQUPMENT (4 NCHES SETTLEMENT TOLERANCE) VBRATNG FOUNDATON CONSDERATONS LATERAL EARTH PRESSURES SOL CEMENT CONSDERATONS SURFACE DRANAGE SOL CORROSVTY CONSDERATONS SESMC CONSDERATONS LMTATONS... 25

23 FG. 1 - VCNTY MAP FG. 2 - LOCATON OF EXPLORATORY BORNGS FG. 3 - KEY TO SYMBOLS OF EXPLORATORY BORNGS FGS. 4 THROUGH 7 - LOGS OF EXPLORATORY BORNGS FGS. 8 THROUGH 11 - SWELL CONSOLDATON TEST RESULTS FG DRECT SHEAR TEST RESULTS FGS. 13 THROUGH 17- GRADATON TEST RESULTS FG PROCTOR TEST RESULTS FG. 19 -CALFORNA BEARNG RATO (CBR) TEST RESULTS FG TOE KEY AND BENCH CONCEPT FG TOE KEY AND BENCH DRAN CONCEPT FG LOW PERMEABLTY BLANKET CONCEPT FGS. 23 AND 24 - FROST PROTECTON CONCEPT TABLES AND - SUMMARY OF LABORATORY TEST RESULTS APPENDX A - SAMPLE STE GRADNG SPECFCATONS APPENDX B - PT LNER EVALUATON

24 SCOPE Ths report presents the results of our Geotechncal nvestgaton for the proposed Chevron Deer Park Gulch DPG-1 c well pad wthn the Pceance Basn Development Project n Garfeld County Colorado. Our nvestgaton was conducted to explore subsurface condtons and provde foundaton desgn recommendatons for constructon. The report ncludes descrptons of subsol and groundwater condtons found n four exploratory test borngs made durng ths nvestgaton recommended foundaton systems allowable desgn sol pressures and desgn and constructon crtera for detals nfluenced by the subsurface condtons. The report was prepared from data developed durng feld exploraton laboratory testng engneerng analyss and experence wth smlar condtons. A bref summary of our conclusons and recommendatons follows. Detaled crtera are presented wthn the report. SUMMARY OF CONCLUSONS 1. Subsols found n the exploratory borngs conssted generally of shale fragments wth a clay matrx to the maxmum depth explored of 25 to 59 feet. Formatonal shale was encountered n exploratory test borng TH-1 at a depth of about 44 feet. Formatonal materal was not encountered n the remanng exploratory test borngs to a depth of about 25 to 59 feet the maxmum depth explored. Groundwater was encountered n exploratory test borngs TH-1 TH-2 and TH-4 at a depth of 31 to 37 feet. Shallow Chevron DPG 1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No. 2931

25 geologc depostons dentfed nclude landslde colluvum and outwash wth poor sortng. The shale fragments are frable and wth tme and wettng wll break down. 2. Shale fragments wth a clay matrx were found at foundaton levels and to the maxmum depths explored. A competent bearng strata was encountered n exploratory test borng TH-1 at a depth of about 44 feet. A competent bearng strata was not dentfed n exploratory test borngs TH-2 through TH-4 to a maxmum depth of 59 feet the maxmum depth explored. We recommend frcton ple foundatons for proposed constructon that s senstve to settlement related movements. An alternatve recommendaton of foundatons bearng on well compacted natve fll well compacted mported fll and/or well compacted cement treated natve fll s also presented n the text of the report. Our opnon s the foundatons bearng on structural fll alternatves nvolve greater rsk of movements and damages. Recommendatons for each foundaton type were calculated to satsfy settlement tolerances presented n proposed constructon. More detal crtera and dscusson s ncluded n the text of the report. 3. Man made fll constructon n sols such as those encountered n the Pceance Basn Development project area s problematc. The addtonal factors nvolved at the subject ste result n less confdence n operator experence or 'dead reckonng' contractor methods and the need for more relance on engneerng controls such as laboratory Proctor and feld mosture / densty gauge measurements. 4. Well pad surface dranage s dentfed as a major potental concern. Surface dranage should be desgned for rapd runoff of surface water away from the well pad ste and proposed structures. STE CONDTONS The DGP-1c proposed Well Pad (subject ste) s located n the Pceance Basn Development Project n Garfeld County Colorado. A project vcnty map s shown on Fg.1. Exstng fll f any s unknown at the tme of ths nvestgaton. The subject ste s Chevron OPG 1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

26 located n the southwest Y. of Secton 10 and the northwest Y. of Secton 15 Townshp 6 South Range 97 West 6 th New Mexco Merdan. The subject ste was located n the bottom porton of a valley that s bsected by Deer Park Gulch near the confluence wth Clear Creek. The Deer Park Gulch valley bottom drans from the northeast down toward the southwest. There s an approxmate 2000 foot elevaton dfference between the valley bottom and the top of plateau on ether sde. The valley sdes and bottom are formed by degradaton and weatherng and transport from the plateau. The major depostons dentfed are landslde colluvum and outwash planes. We revewed USGS topographc mappng see Fg.1 to measure the valley sdes slope up at an angle near 1.8 Horzontal: 1 Vertcal near the valley bottom and gradually steepen to near 1.2 to 1.0 Horzontal: 1 Vertcal near mdslope to 0.75 Horzontal or less: 1 Vertcal near the top of plateau. Based on our general ste observatons and topographcal map revew we beleve landslde movements n the vcnty have reached a factor of safety aganst movement of about 1.0 at a slope angle (or angle of repose) of about 1 to 1.5 Horzontal: 1 Vertcal. The ground surface of the subject ste slopes down from north to south at between 10 to 30 percent (varable between 10 Horzontal: 1 Vertcal and 3.3 Horzontal: 1 Vertcal) wth slopes becomng steeper at the north edge of the well pad ste. The ste contans an exstng well pad and a test well. Vacant land was north south east and west of the ste. Chevron DPG 1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

27 PROPOSED CONSTRUCTON The subject ste wll be graded to create a Well Pad area of operatons. Based on cross sectons whch reference Drawng No. DPG-1c-SP.dwg from Constructon Surveys nc. ste gradng cuts wll nclude cuts of 0 feet to 20 feet thckness and up to 15 plus feet of fll. The planned fll slopes wll be 3 Horzontal: 1 Vertcal. Ste development wll nclude several (3 to 5) moble tralers. A Solds Pt Lquds Pt and Producton Facltes Area wll be located n the cut slope area. The Drll Rg and Assocated Drll Equpment wll be located n the central porton of the Well Pad. The Drll Rg wll be mattng supported and orented n the area of the cut. The Drll Rg s supported by two parallel mats measurng 6.5 feet wdth X 67.5 feet length. The Drll Rg has a total gravty load of bs. The average Drll Rg pad bearng pressure s 1771 psf. The maxmum Drll Rg pad sol bearng pressure s 2897 psf. The Drll Rg mats are separated by Ppng Cellar a steel plate and frame structure that meets both Drll Rg mats ntmately and extend to 4 feet vertcally beneath the edge of Drll Rg mats. Assocated Drll Equpment ncludes steel tanks on grade and the followng skd supported equpment: generator houses desel tank boler VFD house utlty mud pumps drll ppe/casng traler. The Assocated Drll Equpment wll each have a maxmum sol bearng pressure of 2000 psf. The Drll Rg and mat loadng and confguraton and Drll Rg and Assocated Drll Equpment layout s based on Drawng Chevron DPG-1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

28 No. F4S-H-001 and F4S-H-100 Revson A "Rg Package Layout" by Helmerch and Payne and the "F4S Skd Frame Foundaton Loadng" Revson D dated Aprl as forwarded from a transmttal by Tmothy J Barrett dated Aprl Ppng cellar confguraton and constructon detals are shown n the COl plan sheets E002-2 and E006-2 dated September Settlement tolerances for the proposed constructon have a total settlement of 4 nches and dfferental settlement of 0.5 nch for structures except Drll Rg temporary equpment and tralers. Dfferental settlement tolerances for these structures are 2 nches. Total and dfferental movement tolerance lmts are descrbed n an emal dated Aprl 4 from Mke Davs of PAl Engneerng and n an emal dated Aprl from Tmothy J. Barrett of Chevron. Proposed constructon s gas feld ndustral. There wll be no landscapng rrgaton or fnshed areas. All structures wll be manufactured as ndvdual unts off ste and delvered to the subject ste. f the proposed constructon changes or s dfferent from what s stated we should be contacted to revew actual constructon and our recommendatons. Chevron OPG 1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

29 SUBSURFACE CONDTONS The valley sdes and bottom are formed by degradaton weatherng and transport of clayey shales from the plateau toward the valley floor. The major depostons dentfed are landslde colluvum and outwash planes. These deposts are poorly sorted and n many cases nclude vods and overszed peces wth blockng concerns. The fractured shale peces are ndvdually very hard hghly over consoldated and potentally partally metamorphosed. Short term behavor of these fractured shale peces are smlar to gravel of metamorphc or gneous orgn. We consder Standard Penetraton Test data of shale fragments n a clay matrx to be suspect. Shale peces can cause a larger sampler end area and therefore naccurate hgh blow count. Laboratory test data such as dry and wash gradaton are also msleadng n that "clays" can have lower than 50% passng the No. 200 seve. However these shale fragments do break down over tme wth wettng and loadng. Subsurface condtons of the subject ste are more varable and msleadng than they may appear. The elements of engneerng experence and judgment can not be overemphaszed. Subsurface condtons at the ste were nvestgated by drllng and samplng four exploratory borngs. Locatons of the exploratory borngs are shown on Fg. 2. Graphc logs of the sols found n the borngs and feld penetraton resstance tests are presented Chevron DPG-1c Welt Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

30 on Fgs. 3 through 7. Subsols found n the exploratory borngs conssted generally of shale fragments wth a clay matrx to the maxmum depth explored of 25 to 59 feet. Formatonal shale was encountered n exploratory test borng TH-1 at a depth of about 44 feet. Formatonal materal was not encountered n the remanng exploratory test borngs to a depth of about 25 to 59 feet the maxmum depth explored. Groundwater was encountered n exploratory test borngs TH-1 TH-2 and TH-4 at a depth of 31 to 37 feet. The shale wth a clay matrx was medum stff to very stff most and brown. The formatonal shale was weathered to very hard most and brown. Shale fragments classfy as 'sand' or 'gravel' usng uses gradaton crtera (referenced by laboratory testng) are not aggregate qualty as may be construed by the use of the term. These sols at the subject ste are weathered and transported from the valley walls and tend to break down to clays and slts and consoldate over tme upon loadng and wettng. Four shale fragments wth a clay matrx samples tested had mosture content rangng from 10.1 to 10.3 percent lqud lmts rangng from 41 to 49 plastcty ndexes rangng from 10 to 19 and had 31 to 66 percent passng a No.200 seve (clay and slt szed partcles). Three shale fragments wth a clay matrx samples tested had mosture contents rangng from 17.8 to 21.6 percent dry denstes rangng from 103 to 114 pcf and exhbted 0.0 to percent one-dmensonal swell when wetted under a confnng pressure of 500 to 1000 psf. One shale wth a clay matrx sample tested had a mosture content of 21.6 percent a dry densty of 114 pcf had an nternal angle of Chevron DPG-1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

31 frcton of 24 degrees and a coheson of 250 psf. Two shale fragments wth a clay matrx samples tested had a mosture contents of 13.1 and 18.0 percent dry denstes of 75 and 90 pcf and exhbted permeablty's of 2.2 x 10-4 and 2.4 x cm/sec. One combned bulk sample tested had a maxmum standard Proctor dry densty of 99.5 an optmum mosture content of 21.0 percent and a Calforna Bearng Rato of 4.0. Results of laboratory testng are presented on Fgs. 8 through 19 and summarzed on Tables and. STE DEVELOPMENT Excavaton Sols used to construct general ste fll slopes f any wll be obtaned from the excavaton cut slopes above the pad locaton and from pt excavatons. The subject ste should be strpped of all vegetaton and organc materal pror to fll slope constructon. We recommend that all materal dsturbed by excavaton be removed from excavaton areas to expose undsturbed materal. The nclnaton of the cut slopes based on stablty analyss wll depend on the heght of the slope and the sol strength characterstcs. Our analyss of the embankment slope was based on "Effect of Sol Strength Parameters on Stablty of Man-Made Slopes" by Awtar Sngh. The sol strength characterstcs used n our stablty analyss were obtaned from drect shear strength test data from our Chevron DPG 1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

32 laboratory and ste sol samples. We used an nternal angle of frcton of 24 degrees a coheson of 250 psf and a most sol densty of 100 pcf and maxmum cut slope heght of 20 feet n our analyss. We consder a calculated factor of safety aganst movement of 1.5 or greater s adequate for perrnanent slopes and a calculated factor of safety of 1.2 s adequate for temporary slopes. We calculated a mnrnum factor of safety aganst slope falure of 2.3 for a proposed cut slope of 2.0 H to 1.0 V wth a maxmum heght of 20 feet. n our opnon excavatons cut slopes should therefore be constructed for at least 2.0 horzontal to 1.0 vertcal or flatter f possble. Cut slopes should be adequately treated to mtgate eroson and other potental stablty concerns. Our observatons and calculatons ndcate slopes constructed at an nclnaton of 2.0 horzontal to 1 vertcal wll requre perodc mantenance due to surface eroson. We calculated a factor of safety aganst slope falure of greater than 2.5 for an nclnaton of 3 horzontal to 1 vertcal or flatter for reclamaton. Embankment Fll materals should contan no partcles larger than about one half of the lft thckness wth the largest scattered peces no greater than sx nches. All areas to receve fll should be strpped of all vegetaton organc sols and other deleterous materal pror to fll placement. Our recommendaton for general fll materals Chevron OPG-1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

33 preparaton and placement are ncluded n APPENDX A. Man made fll constructon n sols such as those encountered n the Pceance Basn Development project area s problematc. Clays can requre sgnfcant hydraton perods. Slts are hghly mosture senstve and shale fragments requre breakdown. These factors present more challenge than the mosture content lft thckness and compactve effort factors nvolved wth other embankment projects. The addtonal factors nvolved at the subject ste result n less confdence n operator experence or 'dead reckonng' contractor methods and the need for more relance on engneerng controls such as laboratory Proctor and feld mosture / densty gauge measurements. Compacton equpment ncludng large self propelled sheepsfoot compactor steel drum vbratory compactor dsc and / or pneumatc breakdown (tractor attached or equvalent) blade and water truck have also been part of successful embankment constructon such as that planned on the subject ste. Areas to receve fll should be constructed wth a toe key and benched nto competent foundaton materal. The key and bench concept s shown on Fg. 20. We should observe the key and bench preparaton to verfy that the key and bench extends nto competent materal and meets our recommendatons. Pror to placement of structural fll the resultng subgrade should be scarfed 10-nches mosture condtoned and compacted as dscussed n APPENDX A. A dran should be constructed at the Chevron OPG-1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

34 back of the toe key and each bench n all permanent fll slopes to dran subsurface water that may accumulate at the fll / natural sol contact. The toe key and bench drans should consst of a 4 or 6 nch dameter perforated dran ppe surrounded by at least 3 cubc feet per lnear foot of dran free dranng aggregate all wrapped wth an approprate flter fabrc. Toe key and bench dran detals are shown on Fg. 21. The nclnaton of the fll slopes based on stablty analyss wll depend on the heght of the slope and the sol strength characterstcs. Our analyss of the embankment fll slope was based on "Effect of Sol Strength Parameters on Stablty of Man-Made Slopes" by Awtar Sngh. The sol strength characterstcs used n our stablty analyss were obtaned from drect shear strength tests from our laboratory of sol samples from the subject ste. We used an nternal angle of frcton of 24 degrees a coheson of 250 psf a most sol densty of 100 pcf and a maxmum fll heght of 15 feet n our analyss. Our analyss ndcates a temporary fll slope constructed wth a slope nclnaton of 2.0 horzontal to 1.0 vertcal has a calculated factor of safety aganst slope falure greater than 2.0. Our analyss ndcates a permanent reclamaton fll slope constructed wth a slope nclnaton of 3.0 horzontal to 1.0 vertcal or flatter has a calculated factor of safety greater than 2.5. Chevron DPG 1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

35 Solds and Lquds Pt Slopes The solds and lquds pt slopes wll be at an nclnaton of 15 horzontal to 1 vertcal wth a depth of 15 fee. The nclnaton of the pt slopes based on our stablty analyss wll depend on the heght of the slope and the sol strength characterstcs Our analyss of the pt slopes was based on "Effect of Sol Strength Parameters on Stablty of Man-Made Slopes" by Awtar Sngh The sol strength characterstcs used n our stablty analyss were obtaned from drect shear strength test of sol samples tested Based on the drect shear strength test results an nternal angle of frcton of 25 degrees a coheson of 250 a most sol densty of 97 pcf and maxmum heght of 15 feet was used n our analyss We calculated a factor of safety aganst slope falure greater than 15 for ths condton Based on our slope stablty analyss solds and lquds pt slopes may be constructed at an nclnaton of 15 horzontal to 1 vertcal wth a maxmum slope heght of 15 fee. General Slope Consderatons Surface water should not be allowed to cascade over the face of any cut or fll slopes Cut and fll slopes should be constructed wth surface dverson dtches at the top to ntercept surface runoff water and dvert t off and away from the slopes The face Chevron DPG-1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

36 of the slope should be talored to promote rapd runoff of surface water. Surface water should not be allowed to pond or puddle on the face or n the vcnty of any slope. Slope faces should be protected from eroson by vegetaton or other approprate eroson protecton methods. Pt Seepage Consderatons Our experence n the area ndcates the natural onste sols are relatvely permeable. Seepage from the bottom of unlned pts s antcpated. t s our opnon that the solds pt and lquds pt contanng drllng flud wll tend to be self sealng and may become more mpervous wth tme. The pt lner evaluaton for DPG-1 c s presented n Appendx B. f t s desred to lmt seepage losses or f t s antcpated the pts wll not seal we recommend a synthetc lner or blanket of low permeable materal be placed on the surface of the bottom of the pts at an elevaton of at least 1 foot above the hghest antcpated fluds elevaton n the pts. The low permeable layer should be at least 1 foot thck placed n thn lfts and mosture condtoned to wthn 2 percent of the optmum mosture content and compacted to at least 95 percent of the maxmum standard Proctor dry densty. The low permeablty blanket may consst of a materal wth compacted permeablty of at least 1.0 x 10 6 cm/sec. The materal may be obtaned by Chevron DPG 1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

37 amendng onste sols wth bentonte to produce the desred permeablty. The bentonte content should be determned by laboratory testng. We are avalable to dscuss ths wth you f needed. The low permeablty layer concept s shown on Fg. 22. Compacton should be accomplshed wth a kneadng type compactor such as a sheepsfoot compactor to generate a dspersed sol structure rather than a flocculated sol structure. FOUNDATONS Ths nvestgaton ndcates varable shale fragments wth a clay matrx sols exst at foundaton levels. Exstng fll f any should be removed full depth pror to placng well compacted onste fll or concrete. Our analyss ndcates subsurface condtons have relatvely low and varable bearng capacty and sgnfcant volume change potental. Consderng potental settlements of the subsurface condtons total structural loadng and tolerances a deep foundaton s the most practcal. We beleve a foundaton system that s anchored n underlyng competent strata would offer lower movement potental. Drven plng and drlled per foundatons are examples of deep foundatons. Drlled per nstallaton would lkely requre casng pumpng specal nstallaton technques be tme senstve wth regards to concrete supply and be problematc. We Chevron DPG-1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

38 recommend drven ple foundatons embedded n a competent bearng stratum for the proposed constructon. Shallow foundaton recommendatons were requested. Therefore an alternatve recommendaton of ndvdual structures supported drectly by well compacted onste fll s also presented. The shallow foundaton support recommendatons nvolve more rsk of unacceptable movement and damages than does drven plng foundatons especally for the more heavly loaded drll rg. However these recommendatons were calculated to provde foundaton support wthn the settlement tolerances descrbed n the PROPOSED CONSTRUCTON secton of ths report. Mat on Grade- Drll Rg (2897 psf maxmum bearng: 4 nch settlement tolerance) 1. Exstng sols should be over excavated unformly 5 feet below and 5 feet horzontally beyond mats n each drecton and replaced wth a wellcompacted on ste fll. The resultng subgrade should be prepared by scarfyng 10-nches mosture condtonng to wthn 2 percent of optmum mosture and compactng to at least 95 percent of standard Proctor (ASTM D698) maxmum dry densty. On ste fll sols may consst of natve sols less than 6-nches dameter. Addtonal fll should be mosture treated to wthn 1 percent below to 3 percent above optmum mosture content and compacted to at least 95 percent of standard Proctor (ASTM D698) maxmum dry densty n 10-nch maxmum loose lfts. t may be necessary to mosture treat sols to a wetter condton and stockple n order to allow hydraton and slakng pror to fll placement. 2. Mats bearng on well-compacted on ste fll placed as stated above should be desgned for a maxmum sols bearng pressure of 2900 psf. Loose sols should be completely removed from foundaton bearng areas pror to placng concrete. Chevron DPG-1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

39 3. A 6)1 feet wde by 67)1 feet long contnuous mat s planned for supportng the drll rg. The mat and frame renforced suffcent to smply span an unsupported dstance of at least 12 feet. 4. The proposed cellar area between the mats requres constructon to resst lateral earth pressures. These pressures nclude at rest equvalent flud pressure of 60 pcf and a unform surcharge loadng of 2897 psf for the natve sols. Cement treated natve fll sols may be constructed to reduce or elmnate the mpacts of lateral earth pressures. Addtonal crtera regardng lateral earth pressures are ncluded later n the text. 5. The allowable net bearng capacty may be ncreased by 30 percent for transent loadng such as sesmc or wnd. Coeffcent of sldng frcton between concrete and sol s Loose sols should be completely removed from foundaton bearng areas pror to placng concrete. 7. Footngs placed on a unform layer of well compacted on ste fll as descrbed above the estmated total settlement s 2 nches. Dfferental movement s about 50 to 75 percent of total settlement. f wder mats are used we should be contacted to revew the estmated settlement and provde addtonal recommendatons where needed. We estmate the total settlement wll occur n about 30 to 60 days after ntal loadng. 8. Exteror walls should be protected from freezng. We understand the Garfeld County Buldng Department recommends coverage of at least 36 nches at an elevaton up to 8000 feet and at least 42 nches for elevatons above 8000 feet for frost protecton. Frost protecton concepts are shown on Fg. 23. n our experence a 1.5 nch mnus mported aggregate s not partcularly frost senstve and the proposed constructon does not lend tself well to frost protecton. Whle more rsk s nvolved frost protecton va mnmum depth of mported aggregate fll and/or an equvalent styro board type nsulaton product may be substtuted for strct bural. 9. The completed foundaton excavaton should be observed by our representatve for proof roll and to verfy the foundaton subgrade condtons are as antcpated from our exploratory borngs. Geotechncal Engneerng Group nc. should also be called to test compacton of subgrade and fll durng placement. Chevron DPG 1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

40 Equpment on Grade: Sem-Permanent Producton Area (4-nch settlement tolerance) 1. Exstng sols should be over excavated unformly 4 feet below and 4 feet horzontally beyond mats n each drecton and replaced wth a wellcompacted on ste fll. The resultng subgrade should be prepared by scarfyng 1O-nches deep mosture condtonng to wthn 2 percent of optmum mosture and compactng to at least 95 percent of standard Proctor (ASTM 0698) maxmum dry densty. On ste fll sols may consst of natve sols less than 6-nches dameter. Addtonal fll should be mosture treated to wthn 1 percent below to 3 percent above optmum mosture content and compacted to at least 95 percent of standard Proctor (ASTM 0698) maxmum dry densty n 10-nch maxmum loose lfts. t may be necessary to mosture treat sols to a wetter condton and stockple n order to allow hydraton and slakng pror to fll placement. 2. Footngs bearng on well-compacted structural fll placed as stated above should be desgned for a maxmum sols bearng pressure of 2000 psf. Loose sols should be completely removed from foundaton bearng areas pror to placng concrete. 3. The allowable net bearng capacty may be ncreased by 30 percent for transent loadng such as sesmc or wnd. Coeffcent of sldng frcton between concrete and sol s Skd frames should be capable to span an unsupported dstance of at least 12 feet. 5. Skds placed on a layer of well compacted structural fll as descrbed above calculate a total settlement of 1 nch. Dfferental movement s about 50 to 75 percent of total settlement. f wder skds flower bearng pressures are used we should be contacted to revew the estmated settlement and provde addtonal recommendatons where needed. We estmate the total settlement wll occur n about 30 to 60 days after ntal loadng. 6. Exteror walls should be protected from freezng. We understand the Garfeld County Buldng Department recommends coverage of at least 36 nches at an elevaton up to 8000 feet and at least 42 nches for elevatons above 8000 feet for frost protecton. Frost protecton concepts Chevron DPG-1c Welt Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

41 are shown on Fg. 24. n our experence a 1.5 nch mported aggregate s not partcularly frost senstve and the proposed constructon does not lend tself well to frost protecton. Whle more rsk s nvolved frost protecton va mnmum depth of mported aggregate fll and/or an equvalent styro board type nsulaton product may be substtuted for strct bural. 7. The completed foundaton excavaton should be observed by our representatve for proof roll and to verfy the foundaton subgrade condtons are as antcpated from our exploratory borngs. Geotechncal Engneerng Group nc. should also be called to test compacton of subgrade and fll durng placement. Equpment on Grade- Temporary Tralers and Assocated Drll Equpment (4 nches settlement tolerance) 1. Exstng sols should be over excavated unformly 4 foot below and 4 foot horzontally beyond mats n each drecton and replaced wth a wellcompacted on ste fll. The resultng subgrade should be prepared by scarfyng 10-nches deep mosture condtonng to wthn 2 percent of optmum mosture and compactng to at least 95 percent of standard Proctor (ASTM 0698) maxmum dry densty. On ste fll sols may consst of natve sols less than 6-nches dameter. Addtonal fll should be mosture treated to wthn 1 percent below to 3 percent above optmum mosture content and compacted to at least 95 percent of standard Proctor (ASTM 0698) maxmum dry densty n 1O-nch maxmum loose lfts. t may be necessary to mosture treat sols to a wetter condton and stockple n order to allow hydraton and slakng pror to fll placement. 2. Footngs bearng on well-compacted subgrade as stated above should be desgned for a maxmum sols bearng pressure of 2000 psf. Loose sols should be completely removed from foundaton bearng areas pror to placng concrete. 3. The allowable net bearng capacty may be ncreased by 30 percent for transent loadng such as sesmc or wnd. Coeffcent of sldng frcton between concrete and sol s Skd frames should be capable to span an unsupported dstance of at least 12 feet. Chevron DPG 1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

42 5. Skds placed on a layer of well compacted structural fll as descrbed above calculate a total settlement of 2 -nches. Dfferental movement s about 50 to 75 percent of total settlement. f wder skds flower bearng pressures are used we should be contacted to revew the estmated settlement and provde addtonal recommendatons where needed. We estmate the total settlement wll occur n about 15 to 30 days after ntal loadng. 6. Exteror walls should be protected from freezng. We understand the Garfeld County Buldng Department recommends coverage of at least 36 nches at an elevaton up to 8000 feet and at least 42 nches for elevatons above 8000 feet for frost protecton. Frost protecton concepts are shown on Fg. 23. n our experence a 1.5 nch mported aggregate s not partcularly frost senstve and the proposed constructon does not lend tself well to frost protecton. Whle more rsk s nvolved frost protecton va mnmum depth of mported aggregate fll andfor an equvalent styro board type nsulaton product may be substtuted for strct bural. 7. The completed foundaton excavaton should be observed by our representatve for proof roll and to verfy the foundaton subgrade condtons are as antcpated from our exploratory borngs. Geotechncal Engneerng Group nc. should also be called to test compacton of subgrade and fll durng placement. VBRATNG FOUNDATON CONSDERATONS Foundaton and floor systems nclude structural support from the surfcal clay wth shale fragment sols. Based on 2000 UBC we beleve the ste s located n Sesmc Zone 1. Based on our understandng of proposed constructon and subsurface condtons we suggest a "Ste Class D" be used for foundaton sesmc desgn as descrbed n 2006 BC. Based on the feld and laboratory results we calculate a shear modulus of 3 ks. We have estmated a modulus of subgrade reacton based on feld and laboratory Chevron DPG-1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

43 swell/consoldaton test data. We recommend a modulus of subgrade reacton of 250 ps/nch. Laboratory test of the shale fragment sol and subsurface condtons encountered n the exploratory test borngs ndcates that the materal has a low potental for lquefacton. Based on the locaton of the nearest fault and the shear strength of the sols tested the potental for suffcent energy from an earthquake event to generate lquefacton of the ste sols s low. t s our opnon that structure desgn or ste mprovement to accommodate lquefacton durng an earthquake event s not necessary at ths ste. LATERAL EARTH PRESSURES Walls that are restraned not allowng movement and moblzaton of the nternal sol strengths such as shorng walls and the proposed Ppe Cellar area should be desgned to resst the at-rest lateral earth pressure. Walls that are allowed to deflect to moblze nternal sol strengths may be desgned for actve lateral earth pressures. Lateral earth pressure values presented below should be treated as equvalent flud pressures. These pressures do not nclude a factor of safety or allowances for surcharge or hydrostatc pressures: Chevron DPG 1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

44 At rest lateral earth pressure = 60 pef Actve lateral earth pressure = 45 pef Passve lateral earth pressure = 235 pcf The lateral earth pressures are dependent upon the type of backfll materals. The above lateral earth pressures are for walls backflled wth compacted onste sols. The structural engneer should provde structural renforcng desgn for walls supportng lateral sol loads. Pror to wall backfll walls should be structurally braced top and bottom to prevent deflecton from lateral sol loads. Sol Cement Consderatons Cement treated stablzed backfll may be used to reduce or elmnate the mpacts of lateral earth pressures. We calculate a stablzed backfll that exhbts a unform coheson of at least 50 ps wll resst the lateral earth forces mposed wth a factor of safety of at least 2.0. CONCRETE Three sol samples (TH-2 at a depth of 5 to 100 feet TH-2 at a depth of 10 to 15 feet and TH-4 at a depth of 0 to 5 feet) were tested for water soluble sulfate concentratons. The test results ndcate a water soluble sulfate concentratons rangng Chevron DPG 1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

45 from 400 to 600 ppm. Concentratons n ths area have been shown to have a moderate effect on concrete that s exposed to the sols. We recommend a Type (sulfate resstant) cement be used for concrete that s exposed to the subsols. n addton concrete should have a maxmum water-cement rato of SURFACE DRANAGE Performance of foundatons and concrete fatwork s nfluenced by surface mosture condtons. The ste shale fragments wth a clay matrx have sgnfcant volume change potental. The volume change potental typcally s moblzed by wettng. Reducng the potental for mosture mgraton nto the ste sol clays wth shale fragments reduces the rsk of moblzaton of swell potental of ste materals. Rsk of wettng foundaton sols can be reduced by carefully planned and mantaned surface dranage. Surface dranage should be desgned to provde rapd runoff of surface water away from the proposed structures. We recommend the followng precautons be observed durng constructon and mantaned at all tmes after the constructon s completed. 1. The ground surface surroundng the exteror of the structures should be sloped to dran away from the structures n all drectons. We recommend a slope of at least 12 nches n the frst 10 feet around the structures where possble. n no case should the slope be less than 6 nches n the frst 5 feet. The ground surface should be sloped so that water wll not pond adjacent to the structures. Chevron DPG 1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

46 2. Backfll around foundaton walls should be mostened and compacted. 3. Roof downspouts and drans should dscharge well beyond the lmts of all backfll. Splash blocks and downspout extenders should be provded at all dscharge ponts. 4. Landscapng f any should be carefully desgned to mnmze rrgaton. Plants used close to foundatons should be lmted to those wth low mosture requrements; rrgated grass should not be located wthn 5 feet of the foundaton. Sprnklers should not dscharge wthn 5 feet of foundatons. rrgaton should be lmted to the mnmum amount suffcent to mantan vegetaton; applcaton of more water wll ncrease lkelhood of slab and foundaton movements. 5. mpervous plastc membranes should not be used to cover the ground surface mmedately surroundng the structures. These membranes tend to trap mosture and prevent normal evaporaton from occurrng. Geotextle fabrcs can be used to lmt the weed growth and allow for evaporaton. SOL CORROSVTY CONSDERATONS Our feld study ncluded performng feld sol resstvty tests. The feld sol resstvty tests were conducted n general conformance wth ASTM test method G-57. The feld sol resstvty tests ndcate a resstvty of Ohm-cm at the test locaton. The Amercan Water Works Assocaton (AWWA) "M-11 Steel Ppe A Gude for Desgn and nstallaton" ndcates these values are consdered "lghtly corrosve". Accordng to AWWA publcatons cathodc protecton s not requred for lghtly corrosve sols. n our opnon no specal corroson protecton measures or a ppe coatng may be warranted dependng on Chevron desgn and rsk management crtera. Ppe coatngs should be desgned to resst surface damage durng transportaton and nstallaton. Chevron DPG 1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

47 SESMC CONSDERATONS Foundaton and floor systems nclude structural support from the surfcal sandy slty clay sols. Based on 2000 UBC the ste s located n Sesmc Zone 1. The nearest mapped faults were about 45 mles southwest of the subject ste and are assocated wth the Uncompahgre Uplft. Based on our understandng of proposed constructon and subsurface condtons we suggest a "Ste Class 0" be used for foundaton sesmc desgn as descrbed n 2006 BC. Based on the feld and laboratory results we suggest a shear modulus of 3 ks. CONSTRUCTON MONTORNG Geotechncal Engneerng Group nc. should be retaned to provde general revew of constructon plans for complance wth our recommendatons and or to help wth rsk versus cost consderatons. Geotechncal Engneerng Group nc. should be retaned to provde constructon-montorng servces durng all earthwork and foundaton constructon phases of the work. Ths s to observe the constructon wth respect to the geotechncal recommendatons to enable desgn changes n the event that subsurface condtons dffer from those antcpated pror to start of constructon and to gve the owner a greater degree of confdence that the structures are constructed n accordance wth the fnal plans geotechncal recommendatons and n conformance wth the geotechncal rsks assumed by the owner. Chevron DPG-1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

48 LMTATONS Four exploratory test borngs were drlled n the proposed structure areas. The exploratory test borngs are representatve of condtons encountered only at the exact test borng locatons. Varatons n the subsol condtons not ndcated by the test borngs are always possble. Our representatve should observe open foundaton excavatons observe proof roll and test compacton of subgrade and structural fll sols (as applcable) to confrm sols are as antcpated from the test borngs and foundatons are prepared as recommended heren. The scope of work performed s specfc to the proposed constructon and the clent dentfed by ths report. Any other use of the data recommendatons and desgn parameters (as applcable) provded wthn ths report are not approprate applcatons. Other proposed constructon and/or relance by other clents wll requre project specfc revew by ths frm. Changes n ste condtons can occur wth tme. Changes n standard of practce also occur wth tme. Ths report should not be reled upon after a perod of three years from the date of ths report and s subject to revew by ths frm n lght of new nformaton that may perodcally become known. We beleve ths nvestgaton was conducted n a manner consstent wth that level of care and skll ordnarly used by geotechncal engneers practcng n ths area at ths Chevron DPG-1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

49 tme. No other warranty express or mpled s made. f we can be of further servce n dscussng the contents of ths report or the analyss of the nfluence of the subsurface condtons on the development or desgn of the proposed constructon please call. Norman W. Joh2 Senor Engne r NWJ:mh (3 copes sent) Chevron DPG 1c Well Pad Pceance Basn Development Colorado USA GEG Job No

50 ( "" '- (. / (' t r ".'..' / (' /.. J9n ---' (: "' ' '/ J. r. -{.'.. \. ( \ ' '5-8/j \..:'. Geotechncal ngneerng... Group nc. Deer Park Gulch (DPG-1c) DATE: GEG JOB NO 2931 Fg

51 R' j Bore Lonatude Lattude Elevaton H-1 108"19'21.861" 39"32'24.828" 5847 H-2 108"19'19.452' 39"32'26.484" 5856 H-3 108"19' "32'25.08" 5844 H-4 108"19'17.94" 39"32'24.288" 5836./ TH-2 - TH-1 TH-3 TH-4 \ "/ / - / / /./ /

52 1 Ot'('hlltnl... 1l;.;"t C llg Ol) '. KEY TO SYMBOLS Symbol Descrpton Strata symbols Shale fragments n a clay matrx Shale Msc. Symbols Water table durng drllng Notes: 1. SH - Thnwall Tube Sample. 2. CT - Modfed Calforna Barrel Sample. 3. STD - Standard Splt Barrel Sample. 4. Bulk - Bulk Dsturbed Sample. 5. 8/12 - ndcates 8 Blows wth a 140 LB hammer fallng 30 nches was requred to drve the sample 12 nches. 6. Exploratory borngs were drlled on 7/29/2008 usng a 4-nch dameter contnuous flght power auger. 7. These logs are subject to the nterpretaton by GEG of the sols encountered and lmtatons conclusons and recommendatons n ths report. Fqure 3

53 (t oct t hlllll nl... 1llgllt t. llg (;roll.'. 111('. LOG OF TEST BORNG TH-1 PROJECT: Deer Park Gulch (DPG lc) PROJECT NO: 2"'9"'3-'-1 CLENT: C'heon LOCATON: "S"ec- F "11l'c2-- ELEVA TON: 5847 None DRLLER: \\";J LOGGED BY: SP DEPTH TO WATER> NTAL: 'f 37 AFTER 24 HOURS: -'B"'a"'c"'klled DATE: 7/29/2008 DEPTH TO CAVNG: L None Descrpton Notes o Shale fragments n a clay matrx stff slghtly most brown (el) 8ag 5 CT 14/12 8ag 10 CT ag Ths nformat n e an an to ths born and should not be nter reted as ben ndctve of the te. Fqure 4 PAGE 1 of2

54 (; ;... 1 PROJECT: Deer Park Gulch (DPG-c} PROJECT NO.: 2931 ";""""" CLENT: Chevron «.roll.'. nc'. LOCATON: See fgure 2 ELEVATON: 5847 None DRLLER: WJ LOGGED BY: SP LOG OF DEPTH TO WATER> NTAL: 37 AFTER 24 HOURS: Backflled TEST BORNG TH-1 DATE: 7/29/2008 DEPTH TO CAVNG: L None g w Z' o.. c "-'" Descrpton "- E >- o Notes D- "'Jl "'t- o; 0 C.? <f) () f l-" :/ 44 Shale. weathered to hard (SH) -- f f "" f f-- --2D '-' f Bottom of borng when termnated: 50 ft. Ths nformaton nertans onlv to ths bornn and should not be nternreted as bena ndctve of the ste. Fqure 4 PAGE 2 of 2 '"

55 «; ".. 1 PROJECT: Deer Park Gulch (DPU-lcl PROJECT NO.: :.. ;:... r.. ;: CLENT: Chevron f';.'ou. nc'. LOCATON: See Fgure 2 ELEVATON: 5856 None DRLLER: WJ LOGGED BY: SP 1 LOG OF DEPTH TO WATER> NTAL: None Found AFTER 24 HOURS: Backflled TEST BORNG TH-2 DATE: 7/29/2008 DEPTH TO CAVNG:.L None 0 D za.d :c o.. Descrpton a. o D.2 0- E f-" VJ 0 0 Shale fragments n a clay matrx stff slghtly most brown (CL) --- "0 --- ;? --- Bag --- CT f---l '" 5/12» --- V / rt' Bag CT bp" --- V' --- ; --- Bag f- 11/12 CT / W - - m 25 CT f f- --- Bottom of borng when termnated: 25 ft. No Recovery 16/ Notes Ths nformaton nertans onl to ths barna and should not be nteroreted as bena ndctve of the ste. Fqure 5 PAGE 1 of 1

56 (t'ot't".... PROJECT: Deer Park Gulch {DPG-c} PROJECT NO.: 2931 "l'" t't"""1l CLENT: Chevron t; 1"011.' '. LOCATON: See Fgure 2 ELEVATON: 5844 None DRLLER: W. LOGGED BY: SP LOG OF DEPTH TO WATER> NTAL: ] AFTER 24 HOURS: 'f Backflled TEST BORNG TH-3 DATE: 7/29/2008 DEPTH TO CAVNG: L None - 0 D W z- :c Q.D o.. c Descrpton c. E >- o D Notes 0- rnl- 0 Shale fragments n a clay matrx stff slghtly most brown (el) 0 (f) "' () 0 - CT --- CT ' W -- 10/12 J--1-Q- CT t'-:: f CT f f-- f-- / 0 f-- f-- f-- 57 t'" b W f-- 17«- f-- f-- f-- CT 50f1 No Recovery f-- W CT Ths nformaton oertans only to ths born and should not be nternreted as benn ndctve of the ste. Fqure 6 PAGE 1 of2

57 ... '.... ( 11 "n PROJECT: Deer Park Gulch (OPG-e) PROJECT NO.: 2931 "g""";"g.ro''. lu' CLENT: Chevron LOCATON: See Fgure 2 ELEVATON: 5844 None DRLLER: W] LOGGED BY: SP LOG OF j DEPTH TO WATER> NTAL: 31 AFTER 24 HOURS: Backflled TEST BORNG TH-3 DATE: 7/ DEPTH TO CAVNG: L None g W V o.. Descrpton n. E. o wo Notes a; 0 0- mr (9 (f) '-' f f---'-'- f-- 1- f-- 1- f-- f-- f-- f-- f-- f-- f f-- f w.>- f f " Bottom of borng when termnated: 59 ft. W W /" Ths nformaton nertans on v to ths bornn and should not be nternreted as benn ndctve of the ste. Fqure 6 PAGE2of2

58 1." O(4'("ll.nl PROJECT: DeerParkGulch(DPG-lc) '('.'.. CLENT: "("hc"-ro-n '" H'. LOCATON: "Sc-c..cF"g""ur- c =-2 LOG OF TEST BORNG TH-4 DRLLER: -'\\"".1 PROJECT NO.: 2931 ELEVATON: LOGGED BY: DEPTH TO WATER> NTAL: -=-'-- 31 AFTER 24 HOURS: DATE: 7/ DEPTH TO CAVNG: L 5844 None SP Backflled None Descrpton Notes o f---' e- -- e Shale fragments n a clay matrx stff slghtly most brown (CL) -- e w.s f--2" Bottom of borng when termnated: 35 ft. Ths nformat"" "ertans onlv to ths bnrnn and should not be nteroreted ac:: b"'nn ndctve of the ste. Fqure 7 PAGE 1 of 1

59 1 2 SWELL CONSOLDATON TEST REPORT T 1 WATER ADDED r \ ' 1-0 " '" " ' j c -U " ro 0 U5 1- ro -4 c 6 : a. <ll t' ro <ll ll "- < <D Appled Pressure - ps Natural Dry Dens. Sp. Overburden Pc C c C Swell Press. Heave LL P r Sat. Most. (pet) Gr. (pst) (pst) (pst) % 17.8% eo MATERAL DESCRPTON USCS AASHTO Shale Fragments n a clay matrx stff most. brown Project No Clent: Chevron Remarks: Project: Deer Park Gulch (DPG lc) Source: TH Elev.lDepth: 14 (;"0""'''";" lgn('t.r ng (roup n.'. Fgure 8

60 ' " SWELL CONSOLDATON TEST REPORT : '.... ' ' U ro - -4 (l ro C 5 ;:? Q) e ro Q) 1 OJ < ro Appled Pressure - ps Natural Dry Dens. Sp. Overburden P Pc C c C Swell Press. Heave LL r Sat. Most. (pcq Gr. (psq (psq (psq % 21.6 % NV NP 426 eo MATERAL DESCRPTON USCS AASHTO Shale fragments n a clay matrx stlt most. brown Project No Clent: Chevron Remarks: Project: Deer Park Gulch (DPG-c) (; ;... 1 lgll(.(.r n Source: TH-2 Elev.lDepth: 9 ';roll. 111('. Fgure 9

61 SWELL CONSOLDATON TEST REPORT _--_ ' :: : ' 000 _ ' ' "----'---'--_ _ L' --W...LAT...LE-R AODED-] '' " _+_+'---+1-r ' _+--._'L--'-_-+-+_' '--'---L----L -+-_+ +-H : N r - ' _-----' '-..p '' _+_-1 <:: ' j ' :r-.. c.260_ _+_+- --+_+_ '\.-l--+-l----- CD: \ re a. \ _+_-_ _+_ _+ + +_-_+_+ + +-H ' l " \---'-f-_-1_ _ _+_+- --+_+_ f _+_--_+_-_+_-+-_ _-+-_+ + +_----+-_+ +-H Appled Pressure - ps j 2000 Natural Dry Dens Sat. Most. (pel) LL P Sp. Gr. Overburden (pst) Pc (ps) Swell Press Heave (ps) % % 21.6 % MATERAL DESCRPTON Shale fragments n a clay mater x stff most brown Project No Clent: Chevron Project: Deer Park Gulch (DPG lc) USCS Remarks: AASHTO Source: TH-3 11 ;N".. h.. t.u l.. ngl.. ( rn#t.. C;roup. n('. Elev./Depth: 9 Fgure 10

62 c. J5 SWELL CONSOLDATON TEST REPORT J ; j j- -4 -U (J) 1 C 14 OJ - -5 OJ CL < '" (J) Appled Pressure - pst n "(J) Natural Dry Dens. Sp. Overburden P Pc C c C Swell Press. Heave LL (pet) Gr. (pst) (pst) r Sat. Most. (pst) % 17.7% eo MATERAL DESCRPTON USCS AASHTO Shale fragments n a clay matrx. slff most. brown Project No Clent: Chevron Remarks: Project: Deer Park Gulch (DPG-c) ;.. 'lg ". ( r ng Source: TH-4 Elev.lDepth: 24 ';rolll..... Fgure

63 .5 c E -$ 't-+-- ' ' : '-'-R e=:r-;-- -;-. ' t-+--'-r l 'j '--j.. -b+--+ "-'--' -:- h +:-.1..: J' -' f+f.- H-\ "'/: 2 Dlal'o" 0 o Coo.c :: Q) > ± t- 'j Stran % 1 3 '<n 15 r r=-e-s-u...lt-s..."'j " T"l-'-" ": r-::- dps"" 't---=----''''223''' =---j--;-l--;...--'-: + t 1. L.. Tan($) c. f-.- v '" 'ro u f j t h o Normal Stress ps Sample No Water Content % Dry Densty pel " Saturaton % Vod Rato Dameter n Heaht n Water Content % Dry Densty pcl n Q) Saturaton % f- ;( Vod Rato Dameter n Heaht n Normal Stress ps AO Fal. Stress ps Stran % Ult. Stress ps Stran % Stran rate n.lmn Sample Type: Descrpton: Shale Fragments clay matrx slghtly most brown (CL) LL=NV Assumed Specfc Gravty= 2.65 Remarks: P= NP Clent: Chevron Project: Deer Park Gulch (DPG-c) Source of Sample: TH-2 Depth: 9 Proj. No.: 2931 Date Sampled: Fgure 12 Tested By: '-'A"'B Checked By: "'JS"---

64 Gradaton Test Report c c c c " 0 N M W W M N ;: t N " ;0; 100 l :. ' 1 1 Tl 90 T... '... '- 80 -' ' 'Ttf "'- '. /=("': ' ' :. ' ' '- 70 F:"l'. n: z w ' :-[ LJ... c- '.. Z w (). : n:.l W 40 n. _J " 30 r -+-. : 20 '. : ; ' t= GRAN SZE mm. % Gravel % Sand % Fnes %+3" Coarse Fne Coarse Medum Fne Slt Clav SEVE PERCENT SPEC: PASS? Materal Descrton SZE FNER PERCENT (X=NO) Shale fragments n a clay matrx Atterberg Lmts (ASTM D 4318) #4 71 PL= LL- 45 P- 17 #8 66 #16 57 Classfcaton #30 48 USCS= AASHTO= #50 40 Coeffcents # = D = # = 015= C u = Cc= 010= Date Tested: Tested By: AB Remarks - (no specfcaton provded) Sample No.: Source of Sample: TH Date Sampled: Locaton: Elev.Depth: 0-10 Checked Bv: NJ Ttle: Clent: Chevron ff.. t. f h.. f"1 Project: Deer Park Gulch (DPG-c).. g"f'f.r.. g."""1".. f'. Project No: 2931 Fgure 13

65 ' r-;-rj-:-"'--mtrt- Gradaton Test Report ;"":.:;'--'-'. j'--' '-.r"- 1-'-r1T-TT ' "; ;-' c-+'_+-_'.'""'""' '' "" s.s' s cs CS gg (0 "'N.---;:0 :a o1t ltlt r-;-'--: +1' ---"'-{) '..'------""" -T. --'=- 80 -t-+-_+----tt '-: n-":tt --' ---- a:: w Z LL f Z W U a:: w H fth :.. : : : 50H+-+--H+++-r-+--tH++t H tH th ' ' 30H t+H-+'+'-+--T+++--+tH H ' 40H-+-_+----tl jl f m++t h H-+-_+----tl++++-' -+--_+H+t++_+_-+H+-++'_+_+-_+H++++_+_-tH++'-+--f-'-4 ; 10H-+-_+----tl H++ _t+_+-_+h++_+_+_+_ _+_+-_+1++++_+ +_-1 LL.L.L.lC-L--;;7l.L..L...'-'--"-..."..;;Jf-W...L..L...L..."-n;;O/ o ----"'---'---c.w....l...l """'.w...j...l-l_;.c.1 % +3" o GRAN SZE mm. % Gravel % Sand % Fnes Coarse Fne Coarse Medum Fne Slt Clay =---"'-=r:---+c:------:c:-::'"==r--= =cc--'"-t o 1.- SEVE SZE.375 #4 #8 #16 #30 #50 #100 #200 PERCENT FNER SPEC: PERCENT PASS? (X=NO) Materal Descrpton Shale fragments n a clay matrx Atterberg Lmts (ASTM D 4318) PL= LL= 49 P- 19 USCS= 085= = C u = Classfcaton AASHTO= Coeffcents 060= 050= 015= C c = 0 10= Date Tested: Tested By: AB Remarks (no specfcaton provded) Sample No.: Source of Sample: TH 2 Date Sampled: Locaton: Elev.lDepth: 0 10 Checked By: NJ Ttle: 1.CotC'C'hllC''' r.... "O"' lc. Clent: Chevron Project: Deer Park Gulch (DPGlc) Proect No: 2931 Faure 14

66 Gradaton Test Report 0:: ll Z u:: f- Z ll 0 0:: ll e. 0 0 c c ;; " " " N M m m M t t " N 100 " " " " ' : : l- :11 l 1 H-- "n H- " me- - ' j' r- b :. : " -4- :: k 'J 70 ; ' T :1 : 1- T : t : T ' : : :' %+3" o GRAN SZE - mm. % Gravel % Sand % Fnes Coarse Fne Coarse Medum 1 Fne Slt l o : Clay SEVE SZE #4 #8 #16 #30 #50 #100 #200 PERCENT FNER SPEC.' PERCENT PASS? (X=NO) Materal Descrpton Shale fragments n a clay matrx Atterberg Lmts lastm D 4318) PL= LL- 45 P= 16 USCS= D85= D30= C u = Classfcaton AASHTO= D50= D1O= Date Tested: Tested By: AB Remarks (no specfcaton provded) Sample No.: Locaton: Checked Bv: NJ 1.' O'C'C'hllC'''... l.. g g.. ro..... c. Source of Sample: TH-3 Ttle: Clent: Chevron Project: Deer Park Gulch (DPG-c) Project No: 2931 Date Sampled: Elev.lDepth: 0-10 Fure 15

67 l j' r' oc w z LL f Z W U OC W D <' S S 0 M N Gradaton Test Report ' l":1 '' ' ' '' ' j :: :: 90 - r ---+' c f '---\: -D1"' ---'-T '-' 80 : +_ '+---+_ :--... w..1 -u-- '0. ; ' ' 70 1 ;: 60-1 ' ---- : " 11-- "---lll':'" ' l'-- --f--- '1 ; '. " oj ' J+ L-----+l-l-l-j j L-r- " ;' 4-7-; _ ' ' -'---: l--w-+- -t t'-t' ;--- j---"-'h' H' _ ' L ' ' ' [ :.. : ' -+---l--l-++l-+-+f-+----l+-+-;' '--'--t t-'-h-t--l--'--+:-+l++++-l '+l-''-+-l-- : : ll GRAN SZE - mm. % Gravel % Sand % Fnes Coarse Fne Coarse: Medum Fne Slt o 9 8 ' Clay SPEC.' ' PASS? PERCENT (X=NO) Materal Descrpton Shale fragments n a clay matrx Atterberg Lmts (ASTM D 4318) PL= LL= NL P- NP USCS= 085= = C u = Date Tested: Classfcaton AASHTO= Coeffcents 060= = 0 C 15= 0 c = 10= Remarks Tested By: AS (no specfcaton provded) : Sample No.: Locaton: Checked Bv: NJ f... tf'dl.. t'al.. g"f'f.rllg.r"lll.'.. f' Source of Sample: TH-4 Ttle: Clent: Chevron Project: Deer Park Gulch (DPG-1c) Project No: 2931 Date Sampled: Elev.lDepth: FQure

68 Gradaton Test Report c " " " " N M " " " " N ' c c c N ;. M 100 ' ' ttt1j ' : ' 90 -' j+--- ' " " :: ' 80 1"-' : ' -- :- 0. " m j- - 1 " ' a:: w ' z 1'1 u:: f- Z w () a:: ' : -'---T- w : 30 L t : ; %+3" GRAN SZE - mm % Gravel % Sand --_.% Fnes --. " Coarse Fne Coarse Medum Fne Slt Clav SEVE PERCENT SPEC: PASS? Materal Descrpton SZE FNER PERCENT (X=NO) Atterberg Lmts (ASTM D 4318) PL= LL- 41 Pl- O Classfcaton #4 97 USCS= AASHTO= #8 92 Coeffcents #16 84 D85= D60= D50= #30 76 D30= D15= DlO= #50 69 C u = C c = # # Date Tested: Tested By: sp Remarks (no specfcaton provded) Sample No.: Source of Sample: TH- & 3 Date Sampled: Locaton: Elev.Depth: 0-10 Checked Bv: a Ttle: Clent: Chevron 1 "" lll""1 l... r" Project: Deer Park Ouleh (DPO-e).r"l'... ". Project No: 2931 Fqure 17

69 Mosture-Densty Relatonshp Curve ( Proctor) (;-'o("('hn"nl lrrrrrrr... Eltl(.(... llt (.rolll. lu'. Curve No.: 1 Project No.: 2931 Date: 8/14/08 Project: Deer Park Gulch (DPG-c) Source: TH- & 3 Remarks: Elev.lDepth: 0-10 Sample No. MATERAL DESCRPTON Descrpton: Shale fragments n a clay matrx Classfcatons - Nat. Most. = Lqud Lmt = 41 % > 3/8 n. = 1.0 % USCS: Sp.G. = AASHTO: Plastcty ndex = 10 % < No.200 = 60 % Maxmum dry densty = 99.5 pef Optmum mosture = 21.0 % TEST RESULTS 't3 c. J- -0; c <1> " '" \. '\ Test specfcaton: "'\1'\: ASTM D Method B Modfed \ '\. +- "" =+= '\ " " "- 100% SATURATON CURVES r FOR SPEC. GRAV. EQUAL TO: -T T "- 2_8 - "1 2.7 ' " "- "- po. - ' : '--- 'K >"....-:- '"" ::: ' l- --r... ' T-- - ' l- J-:: l f-. 1"- H " t---l t::.l" '..._- " -t- -- t r r:::=+-+-l"-. ::LL_J T- --_. -C-T t - '-_. --+ J T H--c--c- :--+--1= r - --t j r '-+ o Water content % Fgure 18

70 -- BEARNG RATO TEST REPORT ASTM D '.e: " c co < ' 0:: : " C 0. l' 80.. c 0.. " / /' Penetraton Depth (n) Molded.. Soaked CBR(%) Lnearty Max. Surcharge Densty Percent of Mosture Densty Percent of Mosture Correcton Swell 0.10 n n. (bs.) (pe Max. Dens. (%) (pef) Max. Dens. (%) (n.) (%) _ [}.."-- 3 D Shale fragments n a clay matrx Materal Descrpton Max. Optmum USCS Dens. Mosture LL P (pen ('/0) Project No: 2931 Test Descrpton/Remarks: Project: Deer Park Gulch (DPGlc) Source of Sample: TH & 3 Depth: 0-10 Date: 114"'.""''''';''''1.."'''... a" c. Fgure 19

71 Fll sopel Compacted Fll See Note 1 Note 1 -sel Note 2 Toe Key See Note 1 Note 1: Excavated nto competent foundaton materal (estmated 5 feet mnmum). To be verfed by Geotechncal Engneerng Group durng constructon Note 2: Toe Key length a mnmum of 5 tmes Toe Key Depth (estmated 15 feet mnmum). Toe Key and Bench Concept Job No Fg. 20

72 Fll sopel Compacted Fll ' ; rapproprate flter fabrc L 4" or 6" dameter perforated dran ppe Free dranng aggregate at least 3 cubc feet per lnear foot of ppe wrapped wth an approprate flter fabrc. Job No Toe Key and Bench Dran Concept Fg. 21

73 1 mnmum 1 foot Assumed Hgh Water Elevaton mnmum 1 foot thck. Low Permeablty Blanket Layer permeablty or lower Extended mnmum 1 foot above antcpated hgh water elevaton Job No Low Permeablty Blanket Concept Fg. 22

74 Surface of Wall Backfll Materal B"kfll \ Stem Wall - Typcal 36" Contnuous Footng Well compacted fll. 5' A= Requred frost protecton as per Garfeld County Buldng Dept. as per report. B= Engneered Structural Fll Depth and Over Excavaton. Not To Scale Drll Rg and Sem-Permanent Equpment Footng and Stem Wall Frost Protecton Concept Job No Fg. 23

75 Surface of Wall Backfll Materal B"kf;" \ Stem Wall - Typcal 36" Contnuous Footng Well compacted fll. A= Requred frost protecton as per Garfeld County Buldng Dept. as per report. B= Engneered Structural Fll Depth and Over Excavaton. Not To Scale 2' Temporary Equpment and Tralers Footng and Stem Wall Frost Protecton Concept Job No Fg. 24

76 Geotechncal.Engneerng Group nc. TABLE Job No SUMMARY OF LABORATORY TEST RESULTS Hole TH-1 TH-1 TH-1 TH-1 Depth Natural Dry Atterberg Lmts Swell Drect Shear Passng Water (feet) Mosture Densty Consoldaton No. 200 Soluble ('o) (pet) Lqud Plastcty Swell Confnng nternal Coheson Seve Sulfates Lmt ndex ('o) Pressure Angle ot (pst) (%) (ppm) ('o) ('o) (pst) Frcton o to 10 (Degrees) to Permeablty (em/sec) Sol Type -- Shale fragments wth a clay matrx (SH) - Shale fragments wth a clay matrx (SH) 2.4 X 10 Shale fragments wth a clay matrx (SH) - Shale fragments wth a clay matrx (SH) TH-2 TH-2 TH-2 TH-2 o to t Shale fragments wth a clay matrx (SH) -- Shale fragments wth a clay matrx (SH) -- Shale fragments wth a clay matrx (SH) 2.2 X 10 Shale fragments wth a clay matrx (SH) TH-3 TH-3 a to Shale fragments wth a clay matrx (SH) -- Shale fragments wth a clay matrx (SH) "--- --_ Page 1 of 2

77 Geotechncal hengneerng Group nc. TA8.LE Job No Hole TH-4 TH-4 TH-4 SUMMARY OF LABORATORY TEST RESULTS Depth Natural Dry Atterberg Lmts Swell Drect Shear Passng Water Permeablty Sol Type (feet) Mosture Densty Consoldaton No. 200 Soluble (em/sec) (%) (pel) Lqud Plastcty Swell Confnng nternal Coheson Seve Sulfates Lmt ndex (%) Pressure Angle of (pst) (%) (ppm) (%) (%) (ps) FrctO) (DeQrees o to NL' NP' Shale fragments wth a clay matrx (SH) Shale fragme; th a clay matrx SH Shale fragments wth a clay matrx SH) -._--._- * NL- ndcates sample dd not exhbt lqud characterstcs * NP- ndcates sample dd not exhbt plastc characterstcs - L Page 2 of 2

78 Geotechncal Engneerng Group nc. TABLE SUMMARY OF LABORATORY TEST RESULTS Job No Hole Depth Natural (Feet) Mosture TH-l & o to TH-3 Dry Densty (pet) - Atterberg Lmts Modfed Proctor Calforna Passng Water Soluble Sol Type (ASTM D1557) Bearng Rato No. 200 Sulfates (ppm) (CBR) Seve Lqud Plastcty Maxmum Optmum ('o) Lmt ndex ('o) Dry Mosture ('o) Densty Content (pell ('o) Share fragments wth a clay matrx (SH) Page 1 of 1

79 APPENDX A SAMPLE STE GRADNG SPECFCATONS

80 SAMPLE STE GRADNG SPECFCATONS Chevron DPG-1c Proposed West Ste Well Pad Garfeld County Colorado Note: Appendx A presents sample specfcatons. These sample specfcatons are not project specfc. The sample specfcatons should be modfed by the Archtect Cvl engneer or Structural engneer as needed to reflect project specfc requrements.) 1. DESCRPTON Ths tem shall consst of the excavaton transportaton placement and compacton of materals from locatons ndcated on the plans or staked by the Engneer as necessary to acheve prelmnary roads and overlot elevatons. These specfcatons shall also apply to compacton of excess cut materals that may be placed outsde of the subdvson and/or flng boundares. 2. GENERAL The Sols Engneer shall be the Owner's representatve. The Sols Engneer shall approve fll materals method of placement mosture contents and percent compacton and shall gve wrtten approval of the completed fll. 3. CLEARNG JOB STE The Contractor shall remove all trees brush and rubbsh before excavaton or fll placement s begun. The Contractor shall dspose of the cleared materal to provde the Owner wth a clean neat appearng job ste. Cleared materal shall not be placed n areas to receve fll or where the materal wll support structures of any knd. 4. SCARFYNG AREA TO BE FLLED All topsol and vegetable matter shall be removed from the ground surface upon whch fll s to be placed. The surface shall then be plowed or scarfed untl the surface s free from ruts hummocks or other uneven features whch would prevent unform compacton by the equpment to be used. Job No A-1

81 5. COMPACTNG AREA TO BE FLLED After the foundaton for the fll has been cleared and scarfed t shall be dsked or bladed untl t s free from large clods brought to the proper mosture content (wthn 2 percent above or below optmum) and compacted to not less than 95 percent of maxmum densty as determned n accordance wth ASTM D 698. f soft yeldng subgrade condtons are encountered stablzaton may be requred. 6. FLL MATERALS Fll sols shall be free from vegetable matter or other deleterous substances and shall not contan rocks or lumps havng a dameter greater than sx (6) nches. Fll materals shall be obtaned from cut areas shown on the plans or staked n the feld by the Engneer. On-ste materals classfyng as CL SC SM SW SP GP GC and GM are acceptable. Concrete asphalt organc matter and other deleterous materals or debrs shall not be used as fll. 7. MOSTURE CONTENT Fll materals shall be mosture treated to wthn 2 ± percent of optmum mosture content as determned from Proctor compacton tests. Suffcent laboratory compacton tests shall be made to determne the optmum mosture content for thee varous sols encountered n borrow areas. The Contractor may be requred to add mosture to the excavaton materals n the borrow area f n the opnon of the Sols Engneer t s not possble to obtan unform mosture content by addng water on the fll surface. The Contractor may be requred to rake or dsk the fll sols to provde unform mosture content through the sols. The applcaton of water to embankment materals shall be made wth any type of waterng equpment approved by the Sols Engneer whch wll gve the desred results. Water jets from the spreader shall not be drected at the embankment wth such force that fll materals are washed out. Job No A-2

82 Should too much water be added to any part of the fll such that the materal s too wet to permt the desred compacton from beng obtaned rollng and all work on that secton of the fll shall be delayed untl the materal has been allowed to dry to the requred mosture content. The Contractor wll be permtted to rework wet materal n an approved manner to hasten ts dryng 8. COMPACTON OF FLL AREAS Selected fll materal shall be placed and mxed n evenly spread layers After each fll layer has been placed t shall be unformly compacted to not less than the specfed percentage of maxmum densty Expansve sols classfyng as CL or SC shall be compacted to at least 95 percent of the maxmum dry densty as determned n accordance wth ASTM D 698 (100 percent for fll deeper than 15 feet below fnal grade) At the opton of the Sols Engneer sols classfyng as SW SP GP GC or GM may be compacted to 90 percent of the maxmum densty as determned n accordance wth ASTM (95 percent for fll deeper than 15 feet below fnal grade) Fll materals shall be placed such that the thckness of loose materal does not exceed 10 nches and the compacted lft thckness does not exceed 6 nches Compacton as specfed above shall be obtaned by the use of sheepsfoot rollers multple-wheel pneumatc-tred rollers or other equpment approved by the Engneer for sols classfyng as CL or SC Granular fll shall be compacted usng vbratory equpment or other equpment approved by the Sols Engneer. Compacton shall be accomplshed whle the fll materal s at the specfed mosture content. Compacton of each layer shall be contnuous over the entre area Compacton equpment shall make suffcent trps to nsure that the requred densty s obtaned 9. COMPACTON OF SLOPES Fll slopes shall be compacted by means of sheepsfoot rollers or other sutable equpment. Compacton operatons shall be contnued untl slopes are stable but not too dense for plantng and there s no apprecable amount of loose sol on the slopes Compacton of slopes may be done progressvely n ncrements of three to fve feet (3' to 5') n heght or after the fll s brought to ts total heght. Permanent fll slopes shall not exceed 3:1 (horzontal to vertcal) Job No A-3

83 10. DENSTY TESTS Feld densty tests shall be made by the Sols Engneer at locatons and depths of hs choosng. Where sheepsfoot rollers are used the sol may be dsturbed to a depth of several nches. Densty tests shall be taken n compacted materal below the dsturbed surface. When densty tests ndcate that the densty or mosture content of any layer of fll or porton thereof s below that requred the partcular layer or porton shall be reworked untl the requred densty or mosture content has been acheved. 11. COMPLETED PRELMNARY GRADES All areas both cut and fll shall be fnshed to a level surface and shall meet the followng lmts of constructon: A. Overlot cut or fll areas shall be wthn plus or mnus 2/10 of one fool. B. Street gradng shall be wthn plus or mnus 1/10 of one fool. The cvl engneer or duly authorzed representatve shall check all cut and fll areas to observe that the work s n accordance wth the above lmts. 12. SUPERVSON AND CONSTRUCTON STAKNG Observaton by the Sols Engneer shall be contnuous durng the placement of fll and compacton operatons so that he can declare that the fll was placed n general conformance wth specfcatons. All nspectons necessary to test the placement of fll and observe compacton operatons wll be at the expense of the Owner. All constructon stakng wll be provded by the Cvl Engneer or hs duly authorzed representatve. ntal and fnal gradng stakng shall be at the expense of the owner. The replacement of grade stakes through constructon shall be at the expense of the contractor. 13. SEASONAL LMTS No fll materal shall be placed spread or rolled whle t s frozen thawng or durng unfavorable weather condtons. When work s nterrupted by heavy precptaton fll operatons shall not be resumed untl the Sols Engneer ndcates that the mosture content and densty of prevously placed materals are as specfed. Job No A-4