Geothermal heating and cooling systems

Transcription

1 Geothermal heating and cooling systems SAFHE/CEASA Conference Aug 2015 Presented by Ben Hefer P.O. Box 1747, Northriding, 2164, South Africa Telephone: (011) Facsimile: (011) Web:

2 Understanding the reason for change? Energy efficiency, what s the influence on the operating cost? How sustainable is your back-up energy? Is your hospital a healing environment? Expanding your hospital Retrofit or new building? Is your current heating and cooling system efficient and at what cost?

3 What is the cost of operation? Other 23% Fans 4% Pumps 8% Controlling how and when pumps operate or introducing VSDs and soft starters on pumping systems can improve efficiency Geothermal systems and Solar water heating can significantly reduce water heating costs Geysers 3% Motors 15% Old and incorrectly sized motors are often cost effectively adjusted with a VSD HVAC 20% Compressors 1% Lighting 26% Controlling HVAC systems can save significant amounts of electricity in most buildings. Change to Geothermal heating and cooling systems can save up to 70%.

4 Why do we need it? Electricity price increase Predicted increase Actual increase

5 Why do we need it? Electricity price increase

6 How do we compare?

7 How do we compare?

8 Added Cost Metric tons CO2 per annum, 1,46% of the global total, highest in Africa Reduction of carbon footprint, Carbon tax in 2016! Estimated at R120/ton

9 Added benefit Tax incentive for energy efficiency more than doubled Possible levy looms for large users. 25 February :30 The tax incentive for businesses to reduce electricity demand will be more than doubled from 45c/kWh to 85c/kWh, Announced by Finance minister Nhlanhla Nene in his medium-term budget speech. April 2015 For more details visit: South African National Energy Development Institute.

10 What is Geothermal Energy? Thermal energy generated and stored in the Earth; The World's Greenest Heating and Cooling System

11 What is Geothermal Energy? Earth absorbs 50 percent of all solar energy. Heat is stored in the earth s crust. Remains an average 20 C below the ground 1.8m to 100m. Geothermal technology uses this constant temperature to exchange energy between your building and the earth.

12 How does it work!

13 Geothermal video

14 Different loop installations

15 Typical system layout loop

16 Vertical loop

17 Pond or lake loop

18 Horizontal loop

19 Horizontal loop

20 Does it work somewhere else? Iceland - 90% of building space heating Japan hotels serving 15 million guests/year Sweden - 20% of building heated using geothermal heat pumps Switzerland - 90,000 geothermal heat pumps installed (~3 units/km2) Tunisia ha of greenhouses heated Turkey - 90,000 apartment residences heated in 16 cities approaching 30% of the total units USA million geothermal heat pumps (7.0% annual growth) Information source: J.W Lund & T.L Boyd - Direct utilisation of Geothermal Energy Worldwide Review- 2015

21 Geothermal Benefits Lowest operating cost Simplicity Low maintenance Low environmental impact Longer life expectancy >20 years No exposed outdoor equipment Natural hazards, hail, wind, sun, rust.

22 Case study Great River MC Great river Medical Centre Burlington USA Operational since February 2000, first-year energy data shows a nearly 30-percent reduction in energy costs for the 700,000 square feet of building served by the geothermal system, compared with the old hospital, which totals roughly 400,000 square feet and uses a conventional boiler and chiller plant.

23 Mechanical heating and cooling systems in hospitals Chiller plant Boiler plant

24 Case study Great River MC Great river Medical Centre Burlington USA 2003 Study and comparison of energy use by 100 Midwestern Hospitals High: Best non-geothermal: Average: Great River: 375,000 BTU/sf/year 161,000 BTU/sf/year 240,000 BTU/sf/year $2.39/sf/yr 96,000 BTU/sf/year $.94/sf/yr

25 Case study Sherman Hospital Upfront Costs for Sherman Geothermal vs Traditional $4,544, extra acres of land $1,600,000 Total added upfront cost $6,144,894 Annual Energy Savings Δ/sf = $2.39/sf - $.94/sf = ($1.47/ sf Saving) 645,000 $1.47/sf= $ 935,250 Annual saving Payback Without Land 4.82 years With Land 6.52 years

26 Sherman Hospital

27 Sherman Hospital

28 Hospitals on Geothermal King s Mill hospital - Mansfield UK (Largest lake loop system in Europe)

29 Hospitals on Geothermal Clark Regional Medical Centre Winchester USA (Vertical loop system)

30 Commercial installation

31 Geothermal pros and cons Geothermal pros More energy efficient Uses less natural resources Reduced operating costs No cooling towers, chemicals Marketing potential Healing environment Geothermal cons New system type/training Higher initial cost Uses extra space Maintenance of heat pumps

32 Geothermal project cycle Dream Operation and Maintenance Concept Design Project installation and commissioning Site investigation and tests Detail design

33 THANK YOU! P.O. Box 1747, Northriding, 2164, South Africa Telephone: (011) Facsimile: (011) Web: