Treatment Process Selection for Very Low

Transcription

1 Treatment Process Selection for Very Low Effluent Phosphorus in Coeur d Alene H. Sid Fredrickson Dave Shults Don Keil City of Coeur d Alene David L. Clark HDR Engineering, Inc. dclark@hdrinc.com

2 Treatment Process Selection for Very Low Effluent Phosphorus in Coeur d Alene Background Existing Facility Spokane River Water Quality Treatment Process Planning Candidate Technologies Low Effluent Phosphorus Performance Testing Program Treatment Process Selection Phased Implementation Program

3 Background

4 Coeur d Alene s Advanced Wastewater Treatment Facility IFAS Media 6 MGD Trickling Filter/Solids Contact (TF/SC) Phosphorus Control (Alum Precipitation) Ammonia Control (Capacity Limited to ~4.2 mgd)

5 Key Issues Spokane River Water Quality Requirements Very Low Effluent Phosphorus Requirements Near-term Effluent Ammonia Limitations Planned Phase 4C Liquid Stream Improvements Deferred Due to Spokane River Water Quality Studies Needed Treatment Capacity No additional capacity available with effluent ammonia limits Constrained Treatment Plant Site Changing land-use on Spokane River waterfront

6 Spokane River from Coeur d Alene Lake to Lake Spokane (Long Lake Reservoir)

7 Spokane River Dissolved Oxygen TMDL Original Phosphorus TMDL Limits Not Low Enough 85% Removal/~ 1 mg/l (1,000 ug/l) Washington Department of Ecology TMDL (Total Maximum Daily Load) for Dissolved Oxygen Draft TMDL October 2004 Negotiated Agreement to Pursue Facilitate Collaboration on TMDL January 2005 to July 2006 Foundational Concepts for the Spokane River TMDL Managed Implementation Plan July 2006 September 2007 Draft TMDL May 2008 Draft TMDL Revised 2009 TMDL Forthcoming

8 Spokane River TMDL Scenarios Scenario CBOD 5, mg/l Ammonia- NPermit, mg/l Ammonia- NAverage, mg/l TP Permit, mg/l 1 TP Average, mg/l a Maximum Month Limits for Phosphorus Based on Assumed Relationship Between Max Month and Long Term Average from BOD Data Set a Scenario 3 Same as Scenario 1 Except for Hayden Summer Reuse (Mar-Jun TP = mg/l and July- Sept mg/l) Ecology Selected Scenario 1 for TMDL Wasteload Allocation (WLA) in Washington Revised Idaho Permits to Ensure Compliance with Washington Standards

9 Water Quality Modeling (CE-QUAL-W2) of TMDL Scenarios DO impact in Lake Spokane for 3 Scenarios August DO impact in Lake Spokane for 3 Scenarios October De elta D.O. (mg/l) TMDL #1 0.8 TMDL #2 0.6 TMDL # Segment # De elta D.O. (mg/l) Segment # Ben Cope, USEPA Region 10, representing the agency modeling team, June 25, 2009 TMDL #1 TMDL #2 TMDL #3 Washington Dissolved Oxygen Standard Cumulative Deficit 0.20 mg/l Little Difference in D.O. Deficit Between TMDL Scenarios All Scenarios Exceed >0.20 mg/l D.O. Deficit

10 Water Quality Modeling Sensitivity Analysis for Alternative Idaho Discharge Characteristics Scenario Increased Effluent Ammonia1.0 to 8.0 mg/l Effluent Total Phosphorus 100 ug/l (LTA71 ug/l) Effluent Total Phosphorus 200 ug/l (LTA 142 ug/l) Incremental Dissolved Oxygen Impact mg/l mg/l mg/l Dave Dilks, LimnoTech Memorandum of September 1, 2009

11 2004 NDPES Permit Modification CBOD Ave Mo. 25 mg/l, 1,250 lbs/day Total Phosphorus March 1 Oct 31: <15% Average Monthly Influent or 1 mg/l, whichever is greater Ammonia EPA Inserted Ammonia Limits in 2004 Permit July 1 Sept 30 Q<4.2 mgd Monthly Average: 10 mg/l and 350 lb/d Max Day: 29 mg/l and 1,000 lb/d July 1 Sept 30 Q>4.2 mgd Monthly Average: 7.4 mg/l and 370 lb/d Max Day: 21 mg/l and 1,100 lb/d Oct 1 June 30, No Ammonia Limit

12 Draft 2007 NPDES Permit Limits Draft Permits Issued January 2007 May 17, 2007 Permit Review Comment Closure CBOD November -February Ave Mo. 25 mg/l, 1,251 lbs/day March October Ave Mo. 15 mg/l, 500 lbs/day Total Phosphorus March 1 mg/l, 50 lbs/day Apr/May 12.5 lb/day (250 ug/l) June Sept 2.5 lbs/d (50 ug/l) Oct 1 mg/l, 50 lbs/day Ammonia Nitrogen Mar-Oct 10 mg/l (350 lb/d) for Q<4.2 mgd Mar-Oct 7.4 mg/l (370 lb/d) for Q>4.2 mgd Revised Draft NPDES Permit to Follow 2009 TMDL

13 Draft 2007 NPDES Permit Compliance Schedule Facilities Plan Amendment Description Phase 1 Pilot Treatment Studies Draft NPDES Permit IDEQ 401 Certification Engineering Report to EPA and IDEQ (1 yr) Complete Full Scale Pilot Studies/Submit Report (4 yrs) Complete Design and Award Bids/Written Notice (5 yrs) Complete Construction (7 yrs) Optimized & Final Compliance (9 yrs) Progress Reports to IDEQ/EPA (2, 3, 6, 8 yrs) NPDES Permit Renewal

14 Treatment Process Planning

15 Coeur d Alene Treatment Process Options for Extremely Low Effluent Phosphorus Baseline 2000 to to TP = 1 mg/l (85%) Current Permit TP = 0.05 mg/l TP = mg/l or Out Of River TFSC w/alum BOD TP NH 3 N Phase 4C + Conv. Act Sludge Facility Plan +Effl. Filter Revised Facility Plan + Chem. Clar.+ Effl. Filter BlueWater Vandal Ion Dual Sand TF/SC-MF and MBR Membrane Options TF/SC-MF and MBR + Reverse Osmosis TF/SC-MF and MBR + Adsorption Column

16 Key Criteria For Coeur d Alene Costs Affordability Operational Characteristics Complexity Instrumentation and Control Plant Site Space Constraints Education Corridor North Idaho College Lewis Clark State College University of Idaho

17 The Mayor s Institute on City Design National Endowment for the Arts The US Conference of Mayors American Architectural Foundation Education Corridor Study August 11 13, 2009

18 Low Effluent Phosphorus Performance

19 Low Effluent Phosphorus Performance TMDL Collaboration Discussions Exemplary Plants Review Site Visits and Data Analysis EPA Region 10 Advanced Wastewater Treatment to Achieve Low Concentration of Phosphorus April 2007 Water Environment Research Foundation (WERF) Statistical Plant Performance Study Treatment Technology Pilot Studies Coeur d Alene City of Spokane August 16, 2006 Spokane River Treatment Technology Workshop

20 Updated Summary of Exemplary Plants with High Phosphorus Removal Facility NPDES Limit, ug/l Year 1 Effluent, ug/l (generally 2004) Year 2 Effluent, ug/l (partial year 2005) 2005 Effluent, ug/l (complete year) 2006 Effluent, ug/l (partial year) Las Vegas Alexandria Rock Creek Durham Cauley Creek Lone Tree Walton Iowa Hill Pinery Stamford

21 Plant Size and Solids Processing Method Facility Average Flow, mgd Year 1 Effluent, ug/l Year 2 Effluent, ug/l Solids Processing Las Vegas Anaerobic Digestion Alexandria Anaerobic Digestion Rock Creek Anaerobic Digestion Durham Anaerobic Digestion Cauley Creek Aerobic Digestion Lone Tree Aerobic Digestion Walton Aerobic Digestion Iowa Hill None Pinery Holding Basins Stamford Aerobic Digestion

22 Summer 2006 Coeur d Alene Phosphorus Pilot Studies Zenon ZeeWeed Ultrafiltration Parkson Dualsand Filtration Secondary Effluent Plant Storm Drain US Filter Trident HS-1 Blue Water BluePro

23 Technologies Selected for Coeur d Alene Pilot Testing BlueWater Technology US Filter Trident Zenon Membrane Parkson Dual Sand

24 Summary 2006 Pilot Study Effluent Phosphorus Phophorus [mg/l] Phophorus 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 69% 32% 56% 2% 28% 70% 78% DSBP THS-1 ZW-500 DSD2 20% 10% 0% 16% 11% 12% 6% DSBP THS-1 ZW-500 DSD2 srp snrp pp srp snrp pp Pilot Effluent Phosphorus Comparison Particulate P Pilot Effluent Percentage Phosphorus Fractions Soluble NonReactive P Soluble Reactive P

25 Low Phosphorus Demonstration Testing Primary Objectives Answer Remaining Design Questions Optimize Process Design and Operation Larger Scale P-removal Demonstration Long Term Reliability Evaluation Study Impact of Seasons, Weather Events, etc Staff Training Secondary Objectives Continue to Investigate Options for < 50 ug/l Test Online Analytical Equipment Investigate Low-P Analytical Methods Combine with Reuse Demonstration Project

26 Low Phosphorus Demonstration Testing Equipment Packages and Schedule Equipment Delivery Scheduled for November 23, 2009 Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) GE Zenon Environmental ZeeWeed 500d Membrane Modules ($677,300) Tertiary Membrane Filter GE Zenon Environmental ZeeWeed 500d Membrane Modules ($415,500) Continuous UpflowMedia Filtration (Two-stage Moving Bed Media Filtration) Blue Water Technologies Blue PRO System ($306,000)

27 Near-term Ammonia-Nitrogen Control Phase 1: 2008 Fast Track Installation Targeted Ammonia Capacity ~130 lbs/day Entex BioWeb Sole Source Procurement 5 Webitat Modules Performance Evaluation Phase 2: 2009 Additional IFAS Webitat Modules Separate Waste Secondary Sludge Thickening Rotary Screen Thickener Improved Filtrate Equalization

28 IFAS Testing and Performance Results NH4-N [mg/l] May 11-Jul 30-Aug 19-Oct 8-Dec 27-Jan 18-Mar 7-May 26-Jun 15-Aug Effluent NH4-N [mg/l] Jan Feb Apr May Jul Sep Oct Dec NH4-N - INF. COMP NH4-N - EFF. COMP Influent and Effluent Ammonia, mg/l Effluent Ammonia (mg/l) Comparison 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009 Ammonia Limits July 1 Sept 30 Q<4.2 mgd Monthly Average: 10 mg/l and 350 lb/d July 1 Sept 30 Q>4.2 mgd Monthly Average: 7.4 mg/l and 370 lb/d Oct 1 June 30, No Ammonia Limit

29 Phased Program and Decision Making

30 Process Alternative Finalists Alternative Process Train Existing TF/SC and New CAS with Bio-P, ChemP, and TF/SC-CAS Tertiary Membrane Filtration Existing TF/SC and CAS with Bio-P, ChemP, and TF/SC-CAS Tertiary Series Moving Bed Sand Filtration Existing TF/SC and MBR with Bio-P, ChemP, and TF/SC Tertiary Membrane Filtration

31 Preliminary Capital Cost Comparison $60,000,000 $50,000,000 $40,000,000 $30,000,000 $20,000,000 $10,000,000 $0 Alternative 1 Alternative 2 Alternative 3 TFSC, CAS, Tertiary Membrane TFSC, CAS, Series Moving Bed Filters TFSC w/tertiary Membrane, MBR

32 Preliminary Comparison of Concrete Quantities 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1, Alternative 1 Alternative 2 Alternative 3 TFSC, CAS, Tertiary Membrane TFSC, CAS, Series Moving Bed Filters TFSC w/tertiary Membrane, MBR

33 Preliminary Operation & Maintenance Cost Comparison $4,000,000 $3,500,000 $3,000,000 $2,500,000 $2,000,000 $1,500,000 $1,000,000 $500,000 $0 Alternative 1 Alternative 2 Alternative 3 TFSC, CAS, Tertiary Membrane TFSC, CAS, Series Moving Bed Filters TFSC w/tertiary Membrane, MBR

34 Alternative 1: TF/SC, Conventional Activated Sludge, Tertiary Membrane Filtration Fills entire site

35 Alternative 2: TF/SC, Conventional Activated Sludge, Tertiary Dual Moving Bed Sand Filters Largest Footprint

36 Alternative 3: TF/SC with Tertiary Membrane Filtration and MBR Most Compact Footprint

37 Recommended Plan Key Components Phase 5A Near-term Ammonia Control Low Phosphorus Demonstration Testing Facility Phase 5B Solids Stream Thickening, digestion, dewatering Laboratory, administration and maintenance facilities Phase 5C Liquid Stream Low phosphorus treatment Capacity expansion

38 Program Cost Summary Item Cost Phase 5A Ammonia Control $650,000 Phase 5B Solids Stream $12,700,000 Phase 5C Liquid Stream Low-P $55,000,000 Low P Demonstration Testing $3,800,000 TOTAL $72,150,000

39 Phased Program Schedule

40 Treatment Process Selection for Very Low Effluent Phosphorus in Coeur d Alene H. Sid Fredrickson Dave Shults Don Keil City of Coeur d Alene David L. Clark HDR Engineering, Inc. dclark@hdrinc.com