Consideration of Different Features of Photovoltaic Power Plants for an Efficient Integration in a Smart Distribution Grid

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Marian Cook
5 years ago
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1 University of Wuppertal Chair of Power System Engineering Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Zdrallek Research Group: Consideration of Different Features of Power Plants for an Efficient Integration in a Smart Distribution Grid Smart Grids and Smart Systems Philippe Steinbusch (Research Assistant) Further 7 th Solar Integration Workshop 7 th Solar Integration Workshop 1

Changes in the distribution grid New challenges Increase of decentralized and renewable energy supply Volatile infeed Dependent on the power supply (sun, wind, ) Peak and zero hours in the power

2 Changes in the distribution grid New challenges Increase of decentralized and renewable energy supply Volatile infeed Dependent on the power supply (sun, wind, ) Peak and zero hours in the power supply Increase of new load situations Electro mobility Heat pump New load devices / behaviour Capacity limits Utility overload Voltage boundaries EN Further 7 th Solar Integration Workshop 2

3 Predicament Smart Grid vs. Grid expansion Problem: Grid capacity bottleneck Conventional grid expansion measures Substitution Solution: Intelligent grid expansion Smart Grid Additional features Technology Options: Ancillary Services Smart Outage Management Smart Market Condition Monitoring Technical and economical benefits Further 7 th Solar Integration Workshop 3

Low voltage State estimation of critical situations Intelligent Grid Control Actuator selection Set point specification Network Operator PV- Gateway Ethernet-based communication infrastructure Cable

4 Low voltage State estimation of critical situations Intelligent Grid Control Actuator selection Set point specification Network Operator PV- Gateway Ethernet-based communication infrastructure Cable distribution cabinet Control center Grid data (GIS) Topology models Capacity lights GPRS/ UMTS Data preparation (controlled) Transformer Decentralized grid monitoring Self-sustaining control of voltage and power Substation Sensor: U m, I m, P m, Q m, cos φ m (m ϵ [L1, L2, L3] : Phase) Combination of Sensor and Actuator Further 7 th Solar Integration Workshop 4

5 7 th Solar Integration Workshop 5

6 Power distribution Calculating the district power Measurement of adjacent sensors Reference PV Determination of the power distribution Linear End concentration Start concentration Probability of distribution Further 0 Sensor l 1 l 2 l 3 l 4 l 5 Sensor 7 th Solar Integration Workshop 6

7 Difference of Reference PV and considered PV Scaling factor Installed power Different infeed characteristic Inclination and orientation angle Shading situation of PV Inclination angles (with clouds) Orientation angles (without clouds) Further 7 th Solar Integration Workshop 7

8 Error by neglecting the diverge PV characteristics Reduction of the grid state identification error Inclination angle is negligible Further dependencies are present Grid state identification: without orientation angle with orientation angle Further 7 th Solar Integration Workshop 8

increasing penetration the grid state identification gets obsolete Same effect is available by an

9 Improvement by consideration of Smart Meter Data Increasing accuracy with a band of error (no need for power distribution) 15 min average can be used also with an improvement With an increasing penetration the grid state identification gets obsolete Same effect is available by an increasing number of measurement Smart Meter Data in future available Further 7 th Solar Integration Workshop 9

10 Conclusion is with an acceptable inaccuracy possible Different power distributions increase the accuracy PV plants can be considered by a reference system Orientation angle is very important Further dependencies are negligible Inaccuracy is present Load characteristics Measurement errors Smart Meter Data can improve the accuracy Smart Meter Data helps to monitor the grid state Privacy and safety issues are a problem for the use of data Further 7 th Solar Integration Workshop 10

11 Philippe Steinbusch, M.Sc. (Research Assistant) Thank you for your Attention! Questions? University of Wuppertal Chair of Power System Engineering Rainer Gruenter-Str Wuppertal 7 th Solar Integration Workshop 11

Pathway to smart grid - Evolution steps of today's grid to become ready for the future Dr. Rolf Apel Principal Smart Grid, Siemens AG, Germany

Pathway to smart grid - Evolution steps of today's grid to become ready for the future Dr. Rolf Apel Principal Smart Grid, Siemens AG, Germany Electrical energy the backbone of our society Customers ideas