Description of Services Activity W saiig Baseline Surveys and Verification

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1 Description of Services Activity W saiig Baseline Surveys and Verification 1. BACKGROUND The Government of Australia extended the Indonesia Infrastructure Initiative (IndII) facility into phase 2 from July 2011 to June A central component of the IndII facility is the Australia Indonesia Infrastructure Grants for sanitation (saiig) under which IndII provides funding to local governments (LGs) to establish neighbourhood sewerage schemes. Under saiig AUD$40 million will be provided in grants, over a two-year period, to approximately 60 selected LGs for implementing municipal sanitation infrastructure, which will result in improved sanitation for approximately 90,000 households. The saiig program will be delivered to participating LGs using the Government of Indonesia s on-granting regulations and will be disbursed through an output-based modality, upon verification of acceptable sanitation infrastructure outputs and progress with attaining agreed governance targets. The program goal of saiig is to increase the provision of improved sanitation facilities by LGs through investment in the implementation of public sanitation infrastructure and to develop and test new funding mechanisms for the delivery of such investments. The components of municipal sanitation which will be eligible for grants under saiig will be limited to: Neighbourhood sewage collection and treatment systems. Neighbourhood sewerage connected to an existing sewerage system. Intermediate solid waste transfer stations. The neighbourhood sewage collection and treatment systems will be simplified schemes, designed for gravity flow only, of shallow depths (less than 1.5 m), with no manholes or pumping stations but with inspection chambers and cleanouts. Typically each system will serve between 200 and 400 households. Treatment will consist of an appropriate anaerobic process but will not be prescribed. Effluent quality must meet Government of Indonesia Ministry of Environment requirements. The second component will be identical to the neighbourhood schemes above except that in cities with existing collection systems the neighbourhood schemes may connect to the live sewer so that treatment will be provided by the existing facilities where there is spare capacity in the existing systems. Intermediate solid waste transfer stations (stasiun peralihan antara, or SPA) receive solid waste from various sources, aggregate and compact it for haulage to the final disposal site. These facilities may vary in size from 5,000 m2 to more than 10,000 m2. IndII is funding two technical assistance packages to support the participating LGs. These are: Activity W Preparation, appraisal and oversight Activity W Baseline surveys and Verification A schematic representation of how the technical assistance will be applied is presented in Figure 1. Package W is to provide technical support to participating LGs with the preparation, appraisal and oversight of the implementation of their grant projects. The technical assistance Package is divided into two work packages eastern and western regional packages. Package W is to provide technical support to participating LGs with the preparation of baseline and verification surveys, including identification and technical surveys, a socio economic survey and a water quality sampling program in the same LGs. This assignment 1

2 includes an identification and location (technical) survey of approximately 32,000 households (includes ± 10%) in 42 LG areas, a socio economic survey and a water quality sampling program in the same LGs. With reference to the baseline data prepared, this package of work also includes a planned installation of approximately 50,000 household connections in 42 LG areas. The LGs which have expressed interest as well as the target for those unidentified group are included in Annex 2. Figure 1 saiig Program Technical Assistance Support LG proposes program LG Prepare Program [DED, Land, EA] Approved Program Implementation IndII Preparation & Implementation Oversight TA (preparation support) IndII Baseline and Verification Consultant - TA IndII Preparation & Implementation Oversight TA (oversight support) IndII Baseline and Verification Consultant Grant Agreement In addition, to the technical assistance described above, IndII will also provide support with institutional development and capacity building to the service providing entities to enhance sustainability of sanitation services in the LGs. These are included under separate saiig work packages. 2. OBJECTIVES The aim of this technical assistance is to establish a reference level of pre-project conditions for subsequently measuring and verifying that the physical works under the grant project has been completed. This involves undertaking baseline surveys to assess conditions. Following this, consultants will verify all house connections that have been installed, and make sure that the house connections are functioning in accordance with the Project Implementation Manual. 3. DESCRIPTION OF REQUIRED SERVICES 3.1 Approach As part of the procedure for implementing the saiig, LGs will be required to sign an ongranting agreement which will explicitly define the areas of responsibility and authority of the parties and the parameters for implementation as well as the areas where the new neighbourhood sewerage schemes are planned to be installed. Upon notification from IndII/CPMU, the consultant will conduct the baseline surveys within the designated areas, and provide a midterm review. The consultant will also prepare the reports and socialize the results to the LGs, encouraging them to be mindful of the core objective of the saiig Program which is to demonstrate to the communities that neighbourhood sewerage systems are an effective way to solve sanitation needs in urban. Reference for verification activities are appraisal of Detailed Engineering Design (DED), and 2

3 baseline survey data. DEDs appraisal has been conducted by consultants on package W The approved beneficiaries from the baseline survey, will be verified by the CPMU, assisted by consultant verification is as a requirement for payment of grants to LGs. 3.2 Expected Outputs Baseline Survey The primary outputs of the baseline survey will be: A compiled dataset of customers to identify location of the property; A socio-economic and attitude survey of a 5% sample of the new customers to be connected to the system and of an equivalent sample from a non-connected control group. A compiled record of water quality in the aquifers and/or surface water ways in the service areas prior to commissioning of the sewerage systems. Verification The primary output of the work is verification through survey and evaluation: A verification data set on the new service connections which have been installed and have been operating. 3.3 Scope of Activity and Tasks Baseline Surveys It is envisaged that background briefing, review and advice will be provided by specialists from the preparation, appraisal and oversight consultants (Packet A) who have detailed knowledge of the works to be implemented. The baseline consultant shall undertake the tasks detailed below. Task 1 - Mobilisation and Activity Management At the outset of the activity, the consultant will contact and meet with the Provincial Project Management Unit (PPMU) to establish communication channels. Then the consultant will arrange an inaugural meeting in each city (kota) or district (kabupaten) directly with the representatives of the LG to explain the objectives of technical assistance and with expected outputs. The meeting should include senior decision makers and the consultant should ensure that there is equal opportunity for male and female government officers to participate and access the information. The consultant should work closely with the working units and also maintain good coordination and communication with IndII and CPMU throughout the duration of the activity. The working units will assist the consultant with obtaining formal licenses and clearances from all levels of government necessary for conducting its activities under this assignment. While the consultant does not need to be based in the city/district, the consultant will ensure that the activity manager will be contactable and responsive at all times throughout the conduct of the preparation, appraisal and implementation work package. The consultant is encouraged to make use of information technology systems for the surveys which will also enable real time monitoring of implementation progress by IndII and CPMU as well as the consultant. Task 2 Property Identification Survey The consultant will conduct a property identification survey to confirm the designated areas for the sewerage system, including number and locations of proposed household connections and their locations. The house positions and existing nearby roads should be plotted on the 3

4 base maps provided by the detailed engineering consultants. Key Elements of the Identification Survey The survey will focus on identification of proposed new household connections in the targeted area. The survey will collect information of: name of house owner and occupier, address of property, willingness to connect to the saiig program. Identification survey will identify the location of targeted Households using a proprietary hand held geographical positioning system (GPS) technology and software to produce geographical co-ordinates and visual identification of the targeted house/beneficiary using digital imagery. The database should integrate geographical positioning data, digital imagery, and locality on a (google map) or similar. The final outputs of the database of the Technical survey will be: (i) Number of households in each city complete with GPS location, unique identifying code, visual image, and map location; (ii) Numbers of respondents willing and unwilling to connect. The Consultant will provide the data and database with visual user interface software to interrogate and access household data, and to readily indicate location of households. The target number of connections in the designated areas for each participating LG is tabulated in Annex 2. While the overall target of approximately 65,000 property connections and the number of LGs is fixed, the information on the number of connections in each LG is tentative and subject to confirmation by the LGs once their grant project plans are completed. The identified LGs have been grouped into two categories: confirmed and interested. The baseline survey consultant is requested to assume that overall 65,000 connections will be built in the identified LGs but the actual number of connections in each LG is subject to variation. It is noted that the interim solid waste transfer stations are not included in this task. The collected information is to be compiled and catalogued into a database for each city/district and also presented on the base maps mentioned above. The use of preferred. Alternatively, the consultant may prepare other types of base maps in digital format such as licensed Google maps professional marked with the GPS coordinates that allow re-tracing of the household positions for the purpose of future verification or re-identification. Task 3 Socio-economic and Attitude Survey The consultant will conduct a socio-economic survey of a sample of the customers in each city/district. The information will be used as reference indicators for future monitoring and evaluation of the benefits of the grant program. The attitude profiles will also be used to evaluate the LGs responsiveness to gender and disability issues in the implementation of the saiig Program. The profiling will be based on socio-economic and attitude surveys of a randomly selected sample of customers within the designated service areas. The number of households to be surveyed in each participating LG area is also presented in Annex 2. approximately, 5,000 households are to be surveyed as part of the target group under this assignment. In addition, the consultant will conduct the same socio-economic survey on a control group which will be selected from a community with similar conditions as the target group comparable socio-economic level, state of environment and water needs. The control group sample size will be the same as that of the combined target groups within the LGs; 5,000 households for this assignment. The consultant will be responsible for quality control of the data collection. This will include the management and supervision of the interviewers. The field supervisors should check randomly whether the interviews are done properly and verify the results by revisiting at least 4

5 five percent(5%) of respondents. Gender and disability inclusiveness training should be included when conducting training for the interviewers to ensure that they comprehend poverty, gender and disability problems regarding access to water services. On completion of the interviews, the consultant will ensure that data from the field is entered into a standard format data packages and the data should be checked for consistency. The consultant will need to develop a database suite to store and analyse all the data from the field. The data compilation should be in such a way as to enable evaluations and conclusions to be performed aggregated for all customers combined or separately on a gender basis. The databases should be created with commonly available software used in the social-engineering sectors and must be flexible as they will be employed for monitoring, evaluation and verification of the Water Hibah Program. The cross-cutting data may be needed to support the analyses of the program. The technical proposal should include an outline of the database that the consultant intends to use. Task 4 Water Quality Sampling and Testing The consultant will conduct water quality sampling and testing program comprising surface and/or groundwater water quality parameters (BOD and E.coli) which will be used as indicators for monitoring and evaluation of the benefits of the schemes. The survey will comprise four episodes (3- monthly) of daily measures over a 4-day period which will be repeated four times in a 12-month period to form an annual benchmark level. The number of episodes may be reduced when commissioning of the sewerage systems is within 12 months of commencement. The locations for the water quality survey will be determined by provided by the preparation, appraisal and oversight consultants (Activity W254.01). These will typically be located upstream and downstream of the service area. For budgeting purposes it has been assumed an overall target of 1,500 samples for budgeting purposes. It is noted that any interim solid waste transfer stations are also included in this task. The consultant shall review and interpret the findings of the water quality testing program and shall present the findings in a compiled report at the completion of the program. Task 5 Reporting The consultant shall prepare the reports listed in Section 4. All reports should be submitted to IndII as drafts for review before finalization. The consultant may also requested by IndII to make a presentation of the drafts before finalization. Verification The following description of the scope of activities is for one package and applies equally to both. The location of the LGs is the only difference. The consultant shall undertake the tasks detailed below. Task 1 - Mobilisation and Activity Management From outset, the consultant will contact and meet with the Provincial Project Management Unit (PPMU) to establish communication channels. Then arrange an inaugural meeting in each city (kota) or district (kabupaten) directly with the representatives of the LG explaining the objectives of technical assistance and expected outputs. The consultant should invite senior decision makers ensuring equal opportunity for male and female government officers to participate and access information. The consultant will liaise with Bappeda and the LG to establish a key unit for liaison with local agencies throughout the activity. The working unit should assist the consultant with obtaining formal licenses and clearances from all levels of government necessary for conducting its activities under this assignment. 5

6 The consultant should work closely with the working units and also maintain good coordination and communication with IndII and CPMU. While the consultant will not necessarily be based in the city/district, they will ensure that the activity manager will be in contact and responsive at all times throughout the preparation, appraisal and implementation work package. Task 2 Governance Development and Target Setting The consultant will review the current institutional framework and plans for change to support the management of sanitation. Guidance will be provided to each LG in relation to required improvements in governance arrangements and assist the LG in preparing the nominated organisation for the start of operations. In addition, the consultant will help the LG to establish governance targets which will be used for compliance monitoring during the verification stage. The support requirements are detailed below. a) Institutional framework development The following points to be noted. Confirm that a dedicated organisation for the management and operation of sanitation services been set up by the LG and the type of organisation proposed (UPTD, BLUD or PD or a clearly defined division of the PDAM) should be clearly identified. Has an implementation schedule been drawn up and budget allocated for the necessary preparatory work including drafting of the necessary documentation for the establishment of the legal entity or unit and the associated policies and regulations including those pertaining to the connection of households/properties to the sewerage system? Is a tariff study planned and if so is there a schedule for its implementation? b) Organisational preparedness and operations start up The following points to be noted. Develop position descriptions and schedules for key management and operational staff recruitment. Prepare, allocate and monitor an operational budget during the period of the grant project. Identify the preferred mode of operation for the sewerage system and establishment articulated in an action plan and schedule. Some options may include the operation of inhouse staff or outsourcing to contractors. Identify organisational improvements through the development of plans and schedules for implementation. These may include staff motivation and incentive plans, enhanced customer service, innovative culture, skill development, enhanced transparency, e- procurement and equal gender opportunities. Ensure that the planned grant project is consistent with the City Sanitation Strategy and align with the saiig funded project directions. c) Governance target setting The consultant will assist the LG to set its achievement targets for parts (a) and (b) above which the LG will have to meet by the end of the grant project period. Two year grant projects or two-year schedule projects require intermediate progress targets. The consultant will need to communicate with LG that meeting such intermediate and final targets is critical to ensuring payment in full for completed works under the grant. Task 3 Verification The Consultant is required to recommend the number of connections that are eligible for saiig payments. The consultant tasks are: 6

7 Coordinate with PIU/PPMU on the available data of house connections planned to be financed through a grant program (refer to the Baseline Survey for list of potential house connections in each city/district kota/kabupaten). During coordination with PIU/PPMU, the Consultant will also monitor and evaluate the progress of household connections installed in each kota/kabupaten. Also to maintain and update the database of all new household connections to contain relevant information and data. Assess promotion strategy by LG to attract new customers to connect and conduct a Customer Satisfactory Survey using a sampling method. Confirm every household for which the LG has claimed a new connection. The Consultant should also confirm directly with the householder that: (i). saiig connection has been installed and working satisfactorily; (ii) the connection has been operating; (iii) all new connections installed have met the technical criteria as set out in the Project Implementation Manual (PMM). Task 4 Reporting The consultant shall prepare the reports listed in Section 4. All reports should be submitted to IndII as drafts for review before finalisation. The consultant may also requested by IndII to make a presentation of the drafts before finalization. 4. REQUIRED DELIVERABLES The consultant shall submit to IndII the following deliverables: Inception Report This report should be brief covering the work plan, survey methodology, current status of implementation, description of the approach strategy, recommendations for improving implementation, and resourcing and staffing arrangements and activity schedule. It should also review the results of the FY2012 appraisal to inform the progress and learning from the project. The report should be submitted to IndII and CPMU within four weeks after project commencement. The consultant will make a brief presentation of the report to IndII and CPMU. Property Identification Survey Reports A baseline report of the customers surveyed is to be prepared for each LG. The report should cover the methodology for the survey, the data and information collected under Baseline Surveys,Task 2 and commentary on the findings and any issues that arose during the survey. These reports will need to be disseminated to the respective LGs, as well as the CPMU and IndII for review. Social-Economic Baseline Survey Reports A baseline report on the findings of the socioeconomic and attitude survey is to be prepared for each LG. The report should cover the methodology for the survey, the data and information collected under Baseline Surveys Task 3, analysis and interpretation of the data including commentary on on any implementation issues that arose during the survey so that they may be used to improve such surveys in the future, and any cross cutting issues, such as gender impacts, should be highlighted. These reports will also need to be disseminated to the respective LGs, as well as the CPMU and IndII for review. Water Quality Baseline Reports Report on the findings under Task 4, including the compiled data and analysis of the water quality in each service area. As with the baseline reports, these reports will also need to be disseminated to the respective LGs as well as the CPMU and IndII for review. Monthly Management Reports brief monthly reports summarizing work progress, issues and remedial actions taken or suggested. These shall be submitted to IndII. 7

8 Activity Completion Report a report comprising two parts; activity completion document which complies with the IndII M&E Framework IndII Gender Strategy and IndII Risk Management Plan by providing evidence of defined outputs and indicators; and an abridged document providing, in brief, an overview of the activity including the overall assignment, findings, the relevance and implications for future project implementation using this saiig approach, and follow up actions for each participating LG. The Activity completion Report should also include a discussion of the national level perspectives and significance of what has been found. It shall be submitted initially in draft format two months prior to assignment completion. The format and structure of this report shall be in accordance with IndII requirements. The abridged document should be not more than 6,000 words in length should be written so that it is understandable by a wide range of expert and non-expert readers and it should be suitable for uploading to the IndII website. The consultant will also prepare a PowerPoint presentation for use by the consultants, IndII and DFAT. All reports will be provided in electronic copy format. However, the consultant will provide hard copies of the draft reports if requested by IndII. The language for the reports will be English. In addition, the consultant will provide translations of the final reports and PowerPoint presentation into Indonesian. The monthly management reports and the activity completion reports are to be prepared in the standard IndII format 1, but may be adapted to suit the activity. The consultant will provide five printed copies of all of the final reports. Final versions of maps will be provided in editable digital formats as well as hard copy. 5. ESTIMATED INPUTS AND TIMING 5.1 Resourcing The consultant is to submit details of the proposed resourcing in the tender technical proposal. It is envisaged that the consultant will propose a core team of specialists and several field teams mobilised on a regional basis. Indicative specialist skills that may be required are included in Section 6.1 below. 5.2 Timing The duration of the full assignment is expected to be 13 months, commencing in January As the confirmation and identification of all of the LGs is still in progress, the availability of the final data including number of connections from the LGs and cannot be precisely provided. The consultant will therefore need to have a flexible schedule for mobilising field teams. It is important that the consultant prioritise those LGs not confirmed to date. To achieve project targets within timeframe the consultant must have sufficient personnel and resources to place more than two teams in the field simultaneously. 6. KEY PERSONNEL AND ORGANISATIONAL ARRANGEMENTS 6.1 Personnel It is envisaged that the consultant team will require, at a minimum, the following expertise: Team Leadership 1 IndII Monitoring and Evaluation Plan Final June 2009 ( 8

9 Socio-econmic survey design and implementation Water quality sampling and evaluation Statistical and/or database analyses Social and gender inclusivity Municipal Sanitation engineering (collection and treatment) International Experts to be at ARF C3 or B3 level. Team Leadership: this person could be any of member of the team. He/she should have at least 10 years relevant international experience in similar works, and with necessary qualifications to serve as a Team Leader. He/she must have experience in project management of teams comprising several work groups and should also have worked in Indonesia or at least the region. Monitoring and evaluation experience would also be valuable. Socio-economic survey implementation: this person should have at least 5-7 years of experience in planning and conducting socio-economic and attitude surveys for sanitation or water supply projects, including management and quality control of field teams. Typically, the field teams to be managed by the specialist should include, but should not be limited to, field coordinators, interviewers and data entry and processing persons. Water quality sampling and evaluation: this person should have at least seven years relevant experience in of the planning, design and implementation of field sampling for water quality testing and should be capable of supervision or overseeing the field teams and interpret the results. Statistical and/or database analyses: the person should have at least five years experience in developing databases, managing, compiling and analysing results of socio- economic field surveys. He/she should have a capability of data processing and analyses by using appropriate application software. Social and Gender Inclusivity: the nominated person should have at least seven years relevant experience in preparing, evaluating and assessing gender and social inclusivity for water supply and/or sanitation projects (preferably), or at least infrastructure projects in general. Preference will be given to candidates with experience on projects in Indonesia. Municipal Sanitation Engineering: A professional engineer/s with at least 10 years relevant international experience in similar work. S/he should have proven technical experience in wastewater projects, including planning, design and implementation of small-scale distribution and treatment systems. Monitoring and evaluation experience would also be valuable. This list is indicative only. It is the consultant s responsibility to propose a team with specialist skills to respond to the particular planned approach and achieve the required deliverables successfully and on schedule. The consultant will need to plan for and provide personnel with relevant expertise and experience in meeting directly with heads of LGs and confident in supporting LGs to implement the project. All specialist consultants engaged should be fluent in written and spoken English. 6.2 Organisational Arrangements The proposed organisational arrangements and locations of field offices will be up to the consultant, but should take into account the effectiveness and efficiency of performing the tasks. The consultant is to nominate its team and resourcing schedule to meet its proposed approach and methodology for achieving the outputs and outcomes of the project/activity and meeting on the target schedule. 6.3 Coordination and Control The consultant, in implementing the contract, will be responsible directly to the Technical 9

10 Director of Water and Sanitation IndII, or to an officer designated by the Technical Director, for the performance of the services. The consultant will nominate one person to be the contact person for the duration of the contract implementation period. The consultant will also be required to co-ordinate with the CPMU, PPMU, LGs through the Project Implementation Units, and the LGs throughout the implementation period. The arrangements and procedures for coordination will be clarified during contract negotiations. 7. GENERAL ISSUES 7.1 Language Official correspondence shall be in either English or Indonesian as appropriate. 7.2 Task Completion Approval The acknowledged acceptance by the Technical Director Water and Sanitation, of an electronic file copy of all reports will be considered an appropriate completion of the tasks or deliverables. 7.3 Gender and Disability Inclusive Approaches The consultant will need to be fully aware of gender and disability matters 2 when undertaking consultations, preparing designs and implementing the baseline surveys. Legislation has recently been enacted in Indonesia to protect the rights of women and support the country s move towards an increasingly democratic and civil society. The Technical Guideline of INPRES 9/2000 is considered to be the key reference document for the implementation of gender mainstreaming in national development. Indonesia has also signed the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disability on 31 March DFAT s Country Program Strategy 3 also identifies a number of cross-cutting issues that need to be addressed as part of the implementation of all DFAT activities in Indonesia. Among these is gender in development issues and development for all principles which will be verified through data collected from the meeting records and community socialization sessions. In the spirit of DFAT s policy, the consultant will embrace gender and social inclusivity in the design of the socialization sessions. The consultant should also ensure equal opportunity between men and women for participation in such sessions. 2 Reference to DFAT Gender Guidelines: Water Supply and Sanitation Supplement to the Guide to Gender and Development March 2011, updated April 2005, and IndII s Gender Strategy and Plan ( 3 Country Program Strategy 10

11 ANNEX 1 ACRONYMS USED Acronym Description AMDAL Analisis dampak lingkungan (environmental impact assessment process) BAPPEDA Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah (Regional Development Planning Agency) BPPSPAM Badan Pendukung Pengembangan Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum CBO Community based organisation CPMU Central Project Management Unit DAK Dana Alokasi Khusus (Special Allocation Fund) DGHS Directorate General of Human Settlements (Ditjen Cipta Karya) EOI Expression of interest FY Fiscal year GDP Gross domestic product GoA Government of Australia GoI Government of Indonesia IndII Indonesia infrastructure initiative LG Local government M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MBR Masyrakat Berhasilan Rendah ( Poor Households) MoF Ministry of Finance MPW Ministry of Public Works NGO Non government organisation NAP National action plan O&M Operational and maintenance PDAM Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (Local government-owned water company) PDPAL Perusahaan Daerah Pengelola Air Limbah (Local government-owned waste water company) PPH On-granting Agreement (Perjanjian Penerusan Hibah) PPMU Provincial Project Management Unit RFT Request for tender RPJMN National Medium Term Development Plan TD Technical Director (IndII) TOR Terms of reference USAID United States of America Agency for International Development Water Water supply and sanitation WSI Water and sanitation initiative 11

12 Attachment 1 Description of Services for W saiig Baseline Survey and Verification ANNEX 2 LIST OF PARTICIPATING LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Identified confirmed and interested additional LGs and the balance to the target number of LGs and house connections are tabulated below. No. Province District/Town (Kabupaten/Kota) Property Identification & Verification Surveys Confirmed Local Governments 1 Sumatera Utara Kota Medan 3,000 2 Sumatera Utara Kota Tebing Tinggi Sumatera Utara Kota Tanjung Balai Sumatera Barat Kota Pariaman Sumatera Barat Kota Sawahlunto Jambi Kota Sungai Penuh Bengkulu Kab Rejang Lebong Sumatera Selatan Kab Musi Banyuasin 3,000 9 Sumatera Selatan Kab. Muara Enim Sumatera Selatan Kota Palembang 2, Bangka Belitung Kab Bangka Tengah Bangka Belitung Kota Pangkal Pinang Banten Kab Serang 2, DKI Jakarta Kab Admin Kep Seribu 1, Jawa Barat Kota Cimahi 5, Jawa Barat Kab Sumedang 1, Jawa Tengah Kota Tegal Jawa Tengah Kab Kebumen Jawa Tengah Kab Sukoharjo Jawa Tengah Kota Surakarta 1, DI Jogjakarta Kota Jogjakarta 3, Jawa Timur Kab. Ngawi 3, Jawa Timur Kab. Bojonegoro 1, Jawa Timur Kab. Gresik 3, Jawa Timur Kab. Probolinggo Kalimantan Timur Kota Balikpapan 1, Kalimantan Timur Kota Bontang 1, Kalimantan Timur Kota Tarakan 2, Kalimantan Selatan Kota Banjarmasin 1, Kalimantan Selatan Kab. Banjar Kalimantan Selatan Kab. Hulu Sungai Selatan 1, Sulawesi Utara Kota Bolaang Mongondow Utara 1, Sulawesi Utara Kota Kotamobagu 1, Sulawesi Utara Kota Manado 2, Sulawesi Utara Kota Minahasa Utara 2, Sulawesi Barat Kab. Polewali Mandar 1, Sulawesi Selatan Kota Makassar 1, Sulawesi Selatan Kab Maros 1, Sulawesi Selatan Kab. Kepulauan Selayar 2, Maluku Kota Ambon Bali Kab. Karangasem NTB Kota Sumbawa barat 200 Sub Total 62,076 Socio Economic Survey Sample size & Control Group Interested Additional Local Governments 43 Jawa Barat Kota Bandung 1, DI Jogjakarta Kab Bantul 1, DI Jogjakarta Kab Sleman 1,200 12