Safety Mitigating the Risks of Transporting Lithium Batteries (Li) 15 April 2013

Transcription

1 Safety Mitigating the Risks of Transporting Lithium Batteries (Li) 15 April 2013

2 Agenda Introductions Chris Glaeser, Director Global Safety, IATA Mitigating the risk from an operator s perspective Richard Howell, General Manager Corporate Safety, Cathay Pacific Airways IATA programs and perspective Desmond Vertannes, Global Head of Cargo, IATA Break General discussion: participant s issues Lithium battery action plan Chris Glaeser, Director Global Safety, IATA Workshop outcomes Safety Mitigating the Risk of Transporting Lithium Batteries (Li)

3 Lithium (Li) Battery Safety Issues Potentially a factor in the loss of 3 cargo aircraft ( ) Billions of Li batteries shipped annually Un-certified production Un-trained/uncertified shippers/freight forwarders Regulatory guidance (ICAO) in place, not ubiquitous CAA oversight does not cover manufacturing, ground or mail shipments Increasing risk to industry Issue excludes Li batteries installed in aircraft Safety Mitigating the Risk of Transporting Lithium Batteries (Li)

4 Li Battery Process Safety gaps Manufacturing Ground Shipping Mail No NAA Oversight Freight Forwarders Cargo facilities Limited NAA Oversight Airlines Full NAA Oversight Safety Mitigating the Risk of Transporting Lithium Batteries (Li)

5 International Regulatory Structure United Nations (UN) Subcommittee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (Model Regulations); and UN Manual of Tests and Criteria ICAO Dangerous Goods Panel (DGP) Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air New Joint AvSecurity-DGP Task Force (April 2013 launch) IATA Dangerous Goods Board (DGB) Dangerous Goods Regulations Safety Mitigating the Risk of Transporting Lithium Batteries (Li)

6 ICAO Joint AvSec-DGB Task Force Safety Mitigating the Risk of Transporting Lithium Batteries (Li)

7 Lithium Safety Battery Mitigating the Workshop Risk of Transporting Lithium Batteries (Li) Vienna 15 April 2013

8 New (US) CAST Safety Enhancement SE 126: Mitigation of Hazardous Material Fires Ground test Safety Mitigating the Risk of Transporting Lithium Batteries (Li)

9 IATA Industry Events 2013 Li battery Workshop, Amsterdam, January 2013 Li battery session at World Cargo Symposium, Doha, March 2013 Lithium battery workshop & cargo safety panel in Vienna, April 15-16, 2013 Lithium battery workshop at IATA Ground Handling Conference, Vancouver May 5-8, 2013 Lithium battery workshop planned for London in October (tbd) Safety Mitigating the Risk of Transporting Lithium Batteries (Li)

10 Sections on: 1. Awareness 2. Training 3. Regulatory oversight 4. Technology 5. Supply chain management In line with IATA Strategy document. Supply chain management is the largest section, containing best practices and various strategies developed by stakeholders, including: Mail Cargo Screening Passenger notification Flight and cabin crew guidance Carriage by Passengers and Crew Lithium Battery Fires in Passenger cabin Lithium Battery Fires in the Flight Deck International Aircraft Systems Fire Protection Working Group Revision to ICAO Technical Instructions and IATA DGR for 2013 Safety Mitigating the Risk of Transporting Lithium Batteries (Li)

11 Mitigating the risk from an operator s perspective Richard Howell General Manager Corporate Safety, Cathay Pacific Airlines Safety Mitigating the Risk of Transporting Lithium Batteries (Li)

12 IATA OPS CONFERENCE Vienna, Apr 2013 LITHIUM BATTERIES - THE AIRLINE PERSPECTIVE Richard Howell General Manager Corporate Safety

13 CATHAY PACIFIC AIRWAYS AT A GLANCE International airline registered and based in Hong Kong Scheduled passenger and cargo services to 66 (unduplicated) destinations using own CX metal. Dragonair Full subsidiary (41) / Air Hong Kong JV with DHL (13) CX: 137+ aircraft ( , B747-8, /300/300ER, A330/340) 97+ firm orders Total CX staff = 29,000+ CX is a founding member of the One World alliance. 2.0M + passengers / month 1.59M tons 2012 (55% in pax belly) HKIA world s busiest cargo airport 2011/2012

14 The lithium risk is real

15 Two main types of lithium batteries - dozens of sub categories Lithium Ion (rechargeable) (Halon = YES) Lithium Metal (non-rechargeable) (Halon = NO)

16 Physical properties (size, power & design) and use vary considerably

17 Hong Kong is at the epicentre Approximately 4 billion lithium batteries manufactured in China in 2012 (30%+ growth rate comparing to 2011), of which 35% produced in Guangdong. Many exported via HKG.

18 Hong Kong is at the Epicentre UPS DXB B744 flight profile identical to CX s Europe flights 6 KNOWN lithium fire events ex-hkg in 2012, which all occurred on the ground at destination CX mail bag fire, LHR, APR12 LH mail bag fire, HEL, JAN12 AF cargo fire, Warsaw, MAY12 AC cargo fire, YVR, JUN12 BR (Eva) warehouse fire, AUG12 CX dropped package, AKL, NOV 12 Lithium polymer batteries dropped during unloading from bulk hold in AKL destined for model aircraft use 05/28

19 HKG Mailbag Fire, LHR APR

20 HKG Mailbag Fire, LHR APR 2012 (Con t)

21 Air France - May 2012

22 E-commerce Huge Numbers Goldman Sachs predicting e-commerce worldwide sales US$963 billion in 2013 with the US alone accounting for US$362 billion by 2016 JP Morgan estimates global e-commerce will be worth US$2 trillion by 2016 Estimated 800 million small packets (up to 2kg) in international mail in 2011 Asian exporters listed on ebay shipped more than 140 million packages in 2011, typically weighing up to 2kg. Exports originated mostly from China and Hong Kong. Most popular items: clothing and accessories; then jewellery, gems, watches; then photo equipment; then computers, mobile phones and accessories. ebay s epacket service is said to be shipping 90,000 items a day from China to US. Source: UPU publication, Union Postale, JAN12

23 HKG - Epicentre of Risk

24 Copycat phone makers flock to high-end devices. Samsung s Galaxy Note? No It is a localized copycat version called STAR Phone Shipped via HK Post EMS

25 Copycat model. A wide range of choices. One commonality They are shipped with Lithium battery of unknown quality! (higher risk again)

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31 Lithium Fires FAA Testing [Video externally linked]

32 Numerous areas of risk need mitigating Cargo main deck and hold (pax and freighter) Main Deck Cargo Hold / Bulk Hold

33 Check-in baggage Numerous areas of risk (Con t) 2 x check-in bags containing lithium batteries each [SIN-BKK-KHI] found in BKK as zip burst open during transfer

34 Cabin Baggage Numerous areas of risk (Con t)

35 Air mail Numerous areas of risk (Con t) Flight Deck

36 PED s charging? Numerous areas of risk (Con t) o Red hot iphone sparks fire on regional flight o on a flight from Lismore to Sydney last Friday an iphone was so red hot it started smoking, partially melted and had to be doused by a flight attendant with a fire extinguisher. o The phone was aboard Regional Express airlines flight ZL319 when it reportedly began to glow red hot and had to be dropped to the floor of the cabin shortly after landing.

37 So what have we done so far General? Embargo on ALL lithium metal bulk battery shipments both pax & freighter a/c Prohibited carriage of all mail and bulk-battery shipments on freighter main deck therefore all shipments carried in Class C suppression Worked closely with HK Post to reduce lithium batteries carried in air mail improved scanning & education but what about rest of world? Extensive liaison with government & industry bodies

38 What have we done so far General? (con t) Shipper engagement, HKG with a view to assuring quality in the upstream supply chain Training for freight forwarders and shipping agents DG segregation explosives & flammables Additional info on NOTOC (even excepted batteries are shown) Pallet tagging lithium batteries easy identification Random cargo inspections - acceptance paperwork check / audit on CGO acceptance Hold baggage additional human screening selected flights to destinations that carry known traders

39 What have we done so far General? (con t) EDUCATE PAX & STAFF cx.com website general advice and at booking and on-line check-in Self check in machines questions and signage at check-in

40 What have we done so far? (Con t) Educate passengers cx.com website Policy and procedure 40 22/28

41 What have we done so far Cabin & Flight deck? Cabin fire fighting capability & training enhanced procedures introduced Firebane and Firesock products to all aircraft (inc Freighter flight deck) 41 21/28

42 What s under review? Explored Enhanced Class E options for freighter main deck not practical to proceed problem remains. Need to consider other active suppression solutions

43 What s under review? Fire Containment Covers (FCC s) passive containment

44 What s under review (FCC)? Fire Containment Covers (FCC s)

45 Containers vs. Pallets Fire resistant ULD FSS 45

46 What s under review? Screening capabilities for cargo terminals? Lithium Battery

47 What s under review? (Con t) EVAS under evaluation Freighter aircraft only

48 What s under review (EVAS)? (Con t) Instrument visibility with EVAS deployed Cockpit filled with smoke zero or limited visibility

49 NTSB Safety Recommendation to FAA OEM Develop fire detection system performance requirements for the early detection of fires originating within cargo containers and pallets and, once developed, implement the new requirements CARGO Ensure that cargo container construction materials meet the same flammability requirements as all other cargo compartment materials MAIN DECK OF CGO AIRCRAFT Require the installation and use of active fire suppression systems in all aircraft cargo compartments or containers, or both, such that fires are not allowed to develop. Source: NTSB Safety Recommendation A [28 November 2012]

50 What we also need? manufacturers to explore options of using different fire resistant materials for cargo compartment ceilings, sidewalls & air ducting research into aircraft passive fire containment explore active fire suppression for Class E compartments. remember pallet based freight not everyone carries containerised cargo Class C containment assurance will class C contain a lithium battery fire?

51 What we also need? ensure regulations are fully adhered to at all times (packaging, documentation, declarations etc.) regulators need to get tougher with offenders passenger and cargo chain personnel (shippers / freight forwarders) improved education enhanced (appropriate) screening (airports, postal services) ebay engagement regulators to ensure that postal services are able to differentiate between lithium within equipment and not within equipment prior to granting postal carriage permissions

52 What we also need? centralised worldwide lithium battery events database the ability to share information between airlines on shippers / freight forwarders who have been embargoed due to not following regulations or mis-declaration etc Packaging for lithium battery carriage reviewed and fire retardant gels to be considered Information of future technologies from the battery manufacturers better risk visibility

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55 IATA programs and perspective Desmond Vertannes Global Head of Cargo, IATA Safety Mitigating the Risk of Transporting Lithium Batteries (Li)

56 Coffee Break

57 Safety Mitigating the Risks of Transporting Lithium Batteries (Li) 15 April 2013

58 Lithium Battery (Li) Action Plan The IATA Operations Committee (OPC) has tasked the IATA Safety and Cargo departments to develop an aggressive action plan to reduce the risks associated with the carriage of Lithium Batteries (Li). This IATA Lithium Battery strategy has five pillars with action items imbedded in each pillar: 1. Awareness 2. Training 3. Regulatory oversight 4. Technology 5. Supply chain management Safety Mitigating the Risk of Transporting Lithium Batteries (Li)

59 1. Awareness Action 1: IATA Cargo to continue to review and maintain applicable guidance material on the regulatory requirements applicable to lithium batteries and ensure that updated materials are as widely distributed as possible for the traveling public, shippers, freight forwarders, ground handling agents, airlines and other stakeholders. Action 2: IATA to support Dangerous Goods/Li Battery panels, workshops and other industry venues as appropriate, including at least four events in Action 3: IATA to consider participation in or the creation of a dangerous goods incident database, which will include all lithium battery related incidents. Action 3: IATA to consider participation in or the creation of a dangerous goods incident database, which will include all lithium battery related incidents. Safety Mitigating the Risk of Transporting Lithium Batteries (Li)

60 1. Awareness (cont.) Action 4: Through interactions with regulatory authorities, IATA Cargo will promote the need for a supply chain approach to Li batteries, with an emphasis on the need for regulatory authorities to conduct appropriate surveillance, oversight, and enforcement to address Li battery safety. Action 5: IATA to interface with appropriate industry safety organizations to ensure that a harmonized global strategy is implemented. Action 6: IATA to create a Lithium Battery Best Practices Guide for operators to provide stakeholders with current information on regulations and best practices. Safety Mitigating the Risk of Transporting Lithium Batteries (Li)

61 2. Training Action 7: IATA Cargo will support IATA Training and Development Institute (ITDI) in the development of a lithium battery training course for shippers for roll-out in Q Safety Mitigating the Risk of Transporting Lithium Batteries (Li)

62 3. Regulatory oversight Action 8: All requirements contained in the ICAO Technical Instructions are incorporated into the IATA DGR. In addition the DGR contains specific airline operational requirements. The provisions of the DGR are actively applied by IATA member airlines. Safety Mitigating the Risk of Transporting Lithium Batteries (Li)

63 4. Technology Action 9: IATA and Flight Safety Foundation to follow research and to share results with industry at various conferences and events Safety Mitigating the Risk of Transporting Lithium Batteries (Li)

64 5. Supply Chain Management Action 10: IATA Cargo to continue on-going work with the UPU and the ICAO DGP on the development of dangerous goods training material for DPO employees and to enhance awareness of the DPO on the risks associated with Li batteries in international air mail shipments, including the development of standardised training materials for DPO employees. Action 11: IATA Cargo to report on the planned objectives and progress of the AVSECP / DGP joint task force and provide industry updates. Action 12: IATA Cargo to review requirements for alerting passengers on the restrictions applicable to Li batteries in baggage and provide materials as necessary. Safety Mitigating the Risk of Transporting Lithium Batteries (Li)

65 Safety Mitigating the Risk of Transporting Lithium Batteries (Li) Conclusion

66 Next Days Program Safety Mitigating the Risk of Transporting Lithium Batteries (Li)

67 Lunch Break