Thierry COULET. Key Expert on Transport Statistics MEDSTAT III. Preliminary remarks. Economic development and Globalisation.

Transcription

1 TRANSPORT STATISTICS Workshop on the production and analysis of economic, technical and environmental performance indicators Synthesis sessions Priority Economic, Technical and Environmental Performance Indicators Istanbul, January 2012 Thierry COULET Key Expert on Transport Statistics MEDSTAT III 1 Preliminary remarks Economic development and Globalisation Rising standards Domestic Activity of Living International Trade Development of Transport Activities 2 1

2 Preliminary remarks (cont.) Transport services are often subject to public services obligations and universal services definitions Activities with a strong social impact (land integration, employment, safety, environment ) Ever stronger concerns in terms of Economic, technical and environmental performance 3 Preliminary remarks (cont.) Economic Performance Multitude of Players Multitude of Objectives 4 2

3 Objectives of this introduction To identify the main players concerned in this economic activity To analyse their main stakes and objectives in this respect To define the economic performance indicators that can be associated with them To examine the different statistical tools, sources, classifications and methods that can be used to produce these economic performance indicators Adaptation of these indicators to the 4 main modes of transport covered by the Workshop 5 The system of players in the Transport industry Transport service providers Private enterprises Public enterprises Public service franchise holders Infrastructure managers Transport operators Government National public authorities Local authorities acting as service providers, as a public service delegators or on behalf of users Transport System Users and consumers Businesses and individuals Public customers 6 3

4 Key elements of Economic Performance for Transport services providers Business Growth Profitability Competitiveness Adaptability 7 Key elements of Economic Performance for consumers of Transport services Affordability Quality Availability 8 4

5 Key elements of the Economic Performance of Transport services for public bodies Public Bodies Services Providers Public Authorities 9 Key elements of the Economic Performance of Transport services for public bodies Public bodies acting as public authorities Local development Delegators of public services Harmonious development of the territory 10 5

6 Key elements of the Economic Performance of Transport services for public bodies Universal services criteria Universality Equality Continuity Adaptability 11 Economic Performance : Systemic aspects Demography of the sector Effectiveness of the competition 12 6

7 From Economic Performance to Measurable Performance Indicators : Two Prerequisites Indicators should be common to different countries and modes of transport Indicators should be representative of the different dimensions of economic performance but limited in scope 13 From Economic Performance to Measurable Performance Indicators : Proposition of a generic list Growth of activity Transport businesses Turnover Growth rate Value added Growth rate Corporate earnings Gross operating surplus 14 7

8 From Economic Performance to Measurable Performance Indicators : Proposition of a generic list (cont.) Evolutions of prices and costs Transport services price index Transport services relative price index Total value of intermediate consumption of the sector Intermediate and final consumption of transport services Share of transport expenses in household consumption Share of transport costs in total intermediate consumption 15 From Economic Performance to Measurable Performance Indicators : Proposition of a generic list (cont.) Productivity Labour productivity Investments Infrastructure investments Investment in Equipment 16 8

9 From Economic Performance to Measurable Performance Indicators : Proposition of a generic list (cont.) Competition and demography of the sector Concentration ratio Distribution of businesses by size classes Number of new business start-ups Number of businesses closures 17 Elements of Methodology for the Measurement of Performance Indicators Definitions Sources Relevant Classifications Other elements of Methodology 18 9

10 Adaptation of the Economic Performance Indicators to the different modes of Transport Economic Performance Indicators are, by nature, fairly homogeneous Need to take into account certain important characteristics of these modes characteristics of competition (presence of a dominant position) Presence of Public providers Importance of the informal sector Respective importance of final and intermediate consumption Public services possible obligations (definition of a universal service) Identification of these economic characteristics and adaptation of Economic Performance Indicators 19 Main Economic Characteristics of Railways Transport Two sub-sectors : Railways transport of passengers and freight (NACE Rev. 2 Groups 49.1 : Interurban passenger Railways transport and 49.2 : Railways freight transport) Railways transport Auxiliary services (Part of NACE Rev. 2 Class : Land Transport Auxiliary Services) Strong, or even exclusive, presence of public providers but evolutions towards liberalisation 20 10

11 Main Economic Characteristics of Railways Transport (cont.) Usually strong obligations of public service Balance of Final consumption (mainly passengers) and Intermediate consumption (mainly freight) 21 Main adaptation of Economic Performance Indicators required for Railways transport High level of Concentration Specific measure of concentration, i.e. Market share of the largest company in the sector Information on size-classes replaced by the number of persons employed in the sector and in the company in dominant position 22 11

12 Main adaptation of Economic Performance Indicators required for Railways transport (cont.) Addition of the total number of enterprises in the subsector to the information on creations and closures Administrative information supplied by transport and infrastructure operators to the Ministry of Transport and the industry s regulatory agencies should constitute the primary sources of statistical information 23 Main Economic Characteristics of Road Transport Two sub-sectors : Road transport of passengers and freight (NACE Rev. 2 Class : Other land passenger transport and Class 49.41: Road transport of freight) Road transport Auxiliary services (Part of NACE Rev. 2 Class : Land Transport Auxiliary Services) Fragmentation of service providers and low level of concentration Importance of the informal sector 24 12

13 Main Economic Characteristics of Road Transport (cont.) Weak presence of public providers but possible obligations of public service Balance of Intermediate consumption (mainly freight) and Final consumption (mainly passengers) Infrastructure facilities may be run by a commercial operation under private or public management 25 Main adaptations of Economic Performance Indicators required for Road transport Importance of the Investments in Equipment indicator for Road Freight transport and Other land passenger transport, resp. of the Investments in Infrastructures indicator for Auxiliary services

14 Main adaptations of Economic Performance Indicators required for Road transport (cont.) Low level of Concentration Specific measure of concentration, i.e. Market share of the 10 largest companies in the sector and/or IHH concentration index. Addition of the ratio of enterprises creations/closures to the total number of enterprises in the sub-sector Annual Business Survey should constitute the primary sources of statistical information Need to adapt the survey questionnaire Need to maintain a high-quality Business register 27 Main Economic Characteristics of Maritime Transport Two sub-sectors : Shipping operation (NACE Rev. 2 Group 50.1 : Sea and coastal passenger transport and Group 50.2 : Sea and coastal freight transport) Infrastructures management (Part of NACE Rev. 2 Class : Water Transport Auxiliary Services) High level of concentration Strong, or even exclusive, presence of public providers in water-transport auxiliary services 28 14

15 Main Economic Characteristics of Maritime Transport (cont.) Few public services obligations Oligopolistic competition (or monopole) Predominance of Intermediate consumption over Final consumption 29 Main adaptation of Economic Performance Indicators required for Maritime transport Importance of the share of transport expenditure in total intermediate consumption. Importance of the Investments in Equipment for Sea and Coastal Passenger and Freight transport, resp. of the Investments in Infrastructures for Auxiliary services

16 Main adaptation of Economic Performance Indicators required for Maritime transport (cont.) High level of Concentration Specific measure of concentration, i.e. Market share of the largest company in the sub-sector of Auxiliary transport services and Market share of the three largest companies in the Sea and coastal transport sub-sector. Adaptation of the size-classes Addition of the total number of enterprises in the subsector to the number of creations and closures Administrative information supplied by transport and infrastructure operators to the Ministry of Transport and the industry s regulatory agencies should constitute the primary sources of statistical information 31 Main Economic Characteristics of Air Transport Two sub-sectors : Airlines (NACE Rev. 2 Div. 51 : Air Transport) Infrastructure management (NACE Rev. 2 Class : Air Transport Auxiliary Services) High level of concentration Strong, or even exclusive, presence of public providers 32 16

17 Main Economic Characteristics of Air Transport (cont.) Few public services obligations Oligopolistic competition (or monopole) Predominance of Final consumption over Intermediate consumption in Air Transport, the reverse in Auxiliary services 33 Main adaptations of Economic Performance Indicators required for Air Transport Importance of the share of transport expenses in total households consumption for Air transport, resp. of the share of transport expenditure in total intermediate consumption of Auxiliary services. Importance of the Investments in Equipment indicator for Air transport, resp. of the Investments in Infrastructures indicator for Auxiliary services

18 Main adaptations of Economic Performance Indicators required for Air Transport (cont.) High level of Concentration Specific measure of concentration, i.e. Market share of the largest company of the sub-sector Adaptation of the size-classes Addition of the total number of enterprises in the subsector to the number of creations and closures Administrative information supplied by transport and infrastructure operators to the Ministry of Transport and the industry s regulatory agencies should constitute the primary sources of statistical information 35 Thank you for your attention 36 18