ASTM STP 497 Composite Materials. Testing and Design (Second Conference)

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2 ASTM STP 497 Composite Materials. Testing and Design (Second Conference)

3 COMPOSITE MATERIALS: TESTING AND DESIGN /SECOND CONFERENCE) A conference sponsored by the AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS Anaheim, Calif., April 1971 ASTM SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION 497 H. T. Corten, conference and program chairman List price $ ~lj ~ AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1916 Race Street, Philadelphla, Pa

4 9 by American Society for Testing and Mater&Is 1972 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: NOTE The Society is not responsible, as a body, for the statements and opinions advanced in this publication. Printed in Baltimore, Md. February 1972

Foreword The Second Conference on Composite Materials: Testing and Design was held 20-22 April 1971 in Anaheim, Calif.

5 Foreword The Second Conference on Composite Materials: Testing and Design was held April 1971 in Anaheim, Calif. Committee D-30 on High Modulus Fibers and Their Composites of the American Society for Testing and Materials sponsored the conference, in conjunction with the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical and Petroleum Engineers. H. T. Corten of the College of Engineering, University of Illinois, served as conference and program chairman. Of the 53 papers presented at the ten sessions, 36 are included in the volume, which complements the first conference publication, ASTM STP 460, Composite Materials: Testing and Design.

6 Related ASTM Publications I nterfaces in Composites, STP 452 (1969), $16.50 Composite Materials: Testing and Design, STP 460 (1970), $31.00

7 Contents Introduction 1 Structural Design and Optimization Design, Analysis, and Testing of an Advanced Composite F-111 Fuselage - J. E. Ashton, M. L. Burdoff, and F. Olson 3 Design Philosophy for Boron/Epoxy Structures - R. N. Hadcock 28 Properties Characterization I A Brief Survey of Empirical Multiaxial Strength Criteria for Composites - G. P. Sendeekyj 41 Design and Fabrication of Tubular Specimens for Composite Characterization - J. M. Whitney, N. J. Pagano, and R. B. Pipes 52 A Finite Element Analysis for Stress Distribution in Gripped Tubular Specimens - R. R. Rizzo and A. A. Vicario 68 Properties Characterization II Mechanical Behavior of Carbon/Carbon Filamentary Composites - C. W. Bert and T. R. Guess 89 Mechanical Behavior of Three-Dimensional Composite Ablative Materials - IV. R. Adsit, K. R. Carnahan, and J. E. Green 107 Thermal Expansion Characteristics of Graphite Reinforced Composite Materials - W. T. Freeman and M. D. Campbell 121 Fatigue and Environment Fatigue of Composites -M. J. Salkind 143 A New Theory to Predict Cumulative Fatigue Damage in Fiberglass Reinforced Plastics - L. J. Broutman and S. Sahu 170 Toughening Mechanisms in Continuous Filament Unidirectionally Reinforced Composites - E. F. Olster and R. C. Jones 189 Properties Characterization III Analysis of Short Beam Bending of Fiber Reinforced Composites - C. A. Berg, J. Tirosh, and M. Israeli 206 The Engineering Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials by a Pure Moment Test -R. G. Hill and W. E. Anderson 219 The Influence of Local Failure Modes on the Compressive Strength of Boron/Epoxy Composites - J. A. Suarez, J. B. Whiteside, and R. N. Hadcock 237 vii

8 The Embedded Strain Gage Technique for Testing Boron/Epoxy Composites - L M. Daniel, J. L. Mullineaux, F. J. Ahimaz, and T. Liber 257 The Preparation and Testing of Miniature Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites - J. R. McLoughlin 273 Acoustic Emission, Toughness, and Impact Acoustic Emission from Composite Materials - R. G. Liptai 285 Toughness of Filamentary Boron/Aluminum Composites - J. R. Hancock and G. D. Swanson 299 Impact Behavior of Unidirectional Resin Matrix Composites Tested in the Fiber Direction - R. C. Novak and M. A. Decrescente 311 Impact Resistance of Unidirectional Fiber Composites - C. C. Chamis, M. P. Hanson, and T. T. Serafini 324 Pendulum Impact Resistance of Tungsten Fiber/Metal Matrix Composites - E. A. Winsa and D. 14/. Petrasek 350 Components and Vibration B ehavior Stress Concentrations and Failure Criteria for Orthotropic and Anisotropic Plates with Circular Openings - L. B. Greszczuk 363 Reinforced Cutouts in Graphite Composite Structure - L. H. Kocher and S. L. Cross 382 The Strength of Bolted Connections in Graphite/Epoxy Composites Reinforced by Colaminated Boron Film - G. E. Padawer 396 Vibration Characteristics of Unidirectional Filamentary Composite Material Panels - R. R. Clary 415 Static and Fatigue Strength of Metal Matrix Composites Analysis of an Improved Boron/Aluminum Composite - R. C. Jones and J. L. Christian 439 Off-Axis and Transverse Tensile Properties of Boron Reinforced Aluminum Alloys - G. D. Swanson and J. R. Hancock 469 The Initiation and Growth of Fatigue Cracks in Filament Reinforced Aluminum Alloys - J. R. Hancock 483 Creep, Rupture, and Radiation Creep Behavior of Elastic Fiber/Epoxy Matrix Composite Materials - J. B. Koeneman and T. P. Kicher 503 Required Critical Aspect Ratio of Fibers Intended for Stress Rupture Applications - R. W. Jech 516 Neutron Irradiation Effects on a Metal Matrix Composite - K. C. Kvarn and R. C. Jones 525 viii

9 Tailoring of Fibers and Composite Materials The Transverse Strength of Boron Fibers - K. G. Kreider and K. M. Prewo 539 Evaluation of Unidirectional Glass-Graphite Fiber/Epoxy Resin Composites - L L. Kalnin 551 Filament Misalignment and Composite Strength - W. D. Claus, Jr. 564 Tensile Behavior of Bead Filled Composites - L. Nicolais, M. Narkis, and R. E. Lavengood 575 Carbon/Carbon Composites - Solid Rocket Nozzle Material Processing, Design, and Testing - R. C. Laramee and Alan Canfield 588 ix

COMPOSITE MATERIALS: TESTING AND DESIGN

COMPOSITE MATERIALS: TESTING AND DESIGN A symposium presented at a meeting of Committee D-30 on High Modulus Fibers and Their Composites AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS New Orleans, La., 11-13