SolEpoxy Clear Encapsulant Materials

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1 SOLEPOXY CLEAR ENCAPSULANT MATERIALS Silicone & Optical Bandpass Filter Replacement & Outdoor RGB Display SolEpoxy Clear Encapsulant Materials Optically Clear OP1000, OC10-1, OG10-1 and OL10-1

SolEpoxy Optically Clear Encapsulants OP1000, OC10-1, OG10-1, OL10-1 PRODUCT LAUNCH OUTLINE 1. Overview: Summary of the product and target applications 2.

2 SolEpoxy Optically Clear Encapsulants OP1000, OC10-1, OG10-1, OL10-1 PRODUCT LAUNCH OUTLINE 1. Overview: Summary of the product and target applications 2. Product Background: How it fits into our complete product offering 3. Markets Served 4. Key Features and Benefits 5. Process and Handling Conditions 6. Technical Data Sheet and Safety Data Sheet 7. Ordering Information 2

SolEpoxy Optoelectronics Product Portfolio

Clear Opto Hybrid Liquid Compounds Modular

Coming Soon NBXXXX-XX Level 1 LED non-map

Powder Fine Powder for Phosphor Blending

Colors: Red, Blue, Green Incredible color

compounds Ready for Diffusant or Phosphor

3 SolEpoxy Optoelectronics Product Portfolio We offer White Reflective and Optically Clear Materials White Reflective Mold Compounds Clear Opto Epoxy Mold Compounds Clear Opto Hybrid Liquid Compounds Modular Capabilities Independent of Technologies Coming Soon NBXXXX-XX Level 1 LED non-map leadframe OP, C, G-Series OP1000 Pellets Outdoor Sign RGBs on SMT LED OL-Series OL10-1 Mid-Power LED SMT Liquid Encap F is for Filter OC10-1F820 Light blocking and/or light filtering 820nm as above OC10-1 Cast Pellets Mid-Power LED, Outdoor RGB OG10-1 Fine Powder Fine Powder for Phosphor Blending OL88-8 Outdoor RGB SMT Liquid Encap Colors: Red, Blue, Green Incredible color stability by adding colors to clear compounds Ready for Diffusant or Phosphor Phosphor Blending into Clear Opto Liquid is possible OP7001 / OP7200 Clear Opto for Data Transmission 3

4 Markets Served: Power vs. Wavelength Target applications of SolEpoxy Clear Encapsulants 1000W 100W 10W Analytical Instruments Tanning SolEpoxy Optoelectronics Target Applications : UVA (>350nm) LED applications where these perform well in the UVA range Mid-power LED SMD where these is a cheaper alternative to silicone & Mid-Power LED that mix phosphor on the fly for color binning RGB SMT LED applications that require UV resist Data Transmission/Industrial Fiber IR wavelength range where we have unique light-filtering technology that competes against expensive IR glass. 1W 0.1W 0.01W Power Medical Phototherapy UV Curing Counterfeit Detection Water / Air Disinfection / Purification White LED nm Up to 100W RGB SMT LED nm Up to 5W Ambient Light Sensors nm Data Transmission / Industrial Fiber 680nm Biometric Sensors & Optical Measurement 705nm Automotive Optical Sensors Proximity / Gesture Sensors ie. Rain Sensor, Sunload Sensor, Anti- Glare Mirror, Hand Detected Entry nm Fiber Optics Wavelengths Three main wavelengths: 850, 1300 & 1550 nm Multimode fiber: 850 and 1300 nm Singlemode fiber: 1310 and 1550 nm. Distributed Feedback Laser 760nm 2400nm 1.5mW-2.0mW standard output 5mW -20mW high power output Infrared Temperature Non-contact thermometers nm & nm UVC UVB UVA Visible Near IR Infrared Wavelength 4

Lumen Requirement for Various Applications A look at the devices each

500 100 Very Low-end LED Lamp potting Focus: UV Resist Applications RGB

reliability requirements. Outdoor also have UV resist requirement.

required lumens. Many mid-power LED could be used, or fewer high-power LEDs.

performance Critical Mass: Large Screen LCD Backlighting (BLU) An entire

Overcapacity led to a 75% cost decrease in mid-power devices which made them

Link to article Industrial Baylights: Infrastructure Lighting 2000 25,000

Lumens Lumen Requirement 50 10 1 RGB display <0.

1W/~80 C LCD Backlighting The smaller the device (ie.

5 Lumen Requirement for Various Applications A look at the devices each application demands 5000 Target Applications Require Silicones Very Low-end LED Lamp potting Focus: UV Resist Applications RGB Billboard display Through-hole RGB devices with higher lumen and higher reliability requirements. Outdoor also have UV resist requirement. General Lighting ( Lumen requirement) There are many ways to achieve required lumens. Many mid-power LED could be used, or fewer high-power LEDs. Tradeoffs are cost vs. space vs. performance Critical Mass: Large Screen LCD Backlighting (BLU) An entire industry and infrastructure was built from 2010 to support LCD backlighting. Overcapacity led to a 75% cost decrease in mid-power devices which made them viable (in larger numbers) for general lighting. Link to article Industrial Baylights: Infrastructure Lighting ,000 Lumens Projectors: Office projectors ~2000lm Outdoor projectors up to 10,000 Lumens Lumen Requirement RGB display <0.1 watts/~100 C SMD Low Power (Keypad backlight) <0.1W/~80 C LCD Backlighting The smaller the device (ie. Smartphone), the fewer the total lumens needed. The higher the lumens per Watt (lm/w), the fewer number of SMD LED s needed. SMD Mid Power (TV Backlighting/General Lighting) < W/~125 C Xenon/HID Headlights ,500 Lumens SMD High Power (Baylights & Automotive Lighting) W watts/~150 C 5

Interference Bandpass Filter An interference

that reflects one or more spectral bands and

Filter Technology No option available for small

1-2g epoxy per part a proven but expensive

6 Interference Bandpass Filter An interference filter or dichroic filter is an optical filter that reflects one or more spectral bands and transmits others, with near zero absorption for all wavelengths. Polished Optical Glass Filter Use Epoxy with Filter Technology No option available for small parts Approx. 1-2g epoxy per part a proven but expensive process that can run up to hundreds of dollars per piece. a proven, cost-effective and flexible alternative that uses filter technology. Epoxy Insulating Coating Powders Durable Dielectric Molding Compounds Optoelectronic Compounds 6 solepoxy.com

7 Optical Interference Bandpass Filters Where are the applications? Anti-Glare, Self-Dimming Mirrors Automotive Rain Sensors Automotive Sunload Sensor Human Machine Interface Biometric Sensors Driver recognition, Lane Departure Warning Automotive Night Vision Sensor Consumer Gesture Control 7

8 Phosphor: From Cool to Warm White Blue Light + Warm White Phosphor Neutral White Warm White Cool White Epoxy Insulating Coating Powders Durable Dielectric Molding Compounds Optoelectronic Compounds 8 solepoxy.com

9 Remote Phosphor vs Direct Phosphor Two approaches to achieve the same effect warm white light! Remote Phosphor Lamps Phosphor Applied at Die Level LED Lamp Retrofits Both remote phosphor and phosphor applied at the die level lamps produce warm, white light. Remote phosphor lamps can use high-powered, les expensive die, but require more phosphor. Die-level applied phosphor lamps use less total phosphor, but use lower power and are less efficient. 9

SolEpoxy Optically Clear Encapsulants History Pioneered Clear Epoxy Compound in 1980

Hybrid Chemistry Yields outstanding Clarity & Durability Heat stable for >7500 hours

Cost Effective version of OP1000 SolEpoxy OC10-1 Shelf Stable for 6 months @ 10 C

own Phosphor technology SolEpoxy OG10-1 Shelf Stable for 6 months @ 10 C Silicone

hours @ 100 C SolEpoxy OL10-1 Shelf Stable for 6 months @ -20 C Epoxy Insulating

10 SolEpoxy Optically Clear Encapsulants History Pioneered Clear Epoxy Compound in 1980 s MG18 Lower moisture absorption Higher MSL Performance MG97 Silicone Replacement Hybrid Chemistry Yields outstanding Clarity & Durability Heat stable for > C OP1000 Cast Pellet Version of OP1000 Heat stable for 1000 s of 105 C Cost Effective version of OP1000 SolEpoxy OC10-1 Shelf Stable for 6 10 C Fine Grind Powder version of OP1000 Heat stable for 1000 s of 105 C Add your own Phosphor technology SolEpoxy OG10-1 Shelf Stable for 6 10 C Silicone Replacement Liquid Liquid for high production flexibility Heat stable for > C SolEpoxy OL10-1 Shelf Stable for C Epoxy Insulating Coating Powders Durable Dielectric Molding Compounds Optoelectronic Compounds 10 solepoxy.com

Clear LED Encapsulant- Transmittance after Heat Aging Results for 1mm disk at 440nm wavelength SolEpoxy OP1000 is very heat-stable @440nm, even after 7,500 hours @125⁰C 100 90 OP1000 OP7000 OP1000A

11 Clear LED Encapsulant- Transmittance after Heat Aging Results for 1mm disk at 440nm wavelength SolEpoxy OP1000 is very even after 7, OP1000 OP7000 OP1000A MG18 Transmission % Typical Epoxy BEFORE AFTER 7, ⁰C Elapsed Time (hours) Data is similar for 460nm wavelength transmission

OC10-1: Silicone Replacement Hybrid Clear Pellet Key Features, Benefits and Target Applications SolEpoxy OC10-1 Product Features & Benefits: Cost Effective alternative to silicone for encapsulant of

12 OC10-1: Silicone Replacement Hybrid Clear Pellet Key Features, Benefits and Target Applications SolEpoxy OC10-1 Product Features & Benefits: Cost Effective alternative to silicone for encapsulant of Mid Power LED Cost Effective alternative to even OP1000 with a draft angle High (>90%) transmission from 270nm 14,000nm Non-yellowing after 1000 s of hours at temperatures of 105 C Shelf-Life stability is 5 C Target Applications: Mid-Power LED SMD that have a junction temperature (Tj) < 105 C Sensor applications, including: Leadless MAP devices IR sensors with unique light-filtering technology UV sensors operating at >350nm Other Potential Applications: UV LED applications that require high transmittance >350nm Outdoor RGB SMT LED applications that require UV Resist 12

Non-yellowing after 1000 s of hours at temperatures of 105 C Shelf-Life stability is >18mos @ 5 C Target Applications:

13 OG10-1: Silicone Replacement Liquid Key Features, Benefits and Target Applications SolEpoxy OG10-1 Product Features & Benefits: Cheaper alternative to silicone for encapsulant of Mid Power LED High (>90%) transmission from 270nm 14,000nm Non-yellowing after 1000 s of hours at temperatures of 105 C Shelf-Life stability is 5 C Target Applications: Mid-Power LED SMD that have a junction temperature (Tj) < 105 C Allows customers to add their own phosphor to be able to do their own color binning. 13

OL10-1: Silicone Replacement Liquid Key Features, Benefits and Target Applications SolEpoxy OL10-1 Product Benefits: Cost Effective alternative to silicone for

>6mos @ -20 C (compared to -40 C) Allows you to do your own color-binning using own phosphor Very high adhesion to various plastics (grim-death comparison )

low volume and require high flexibility Sensor applications, including: Leadless MAP devices IR sensors with unique light-filtering technology UV sensors

14 OL10-1: Silicone Replacement Liquid Key Features, Benefits and Target Applications SolEpoxy OL10-1 Product Benefits: Cost Effective alternative to silicone for encapsulant of Mid Power LED High (>90%) transmission from 270nm 14,000nm Non-yellowing after 1000 s of hours at temperatures of 105 C Shelf-Life stability is -20 C (compared to -40 C) Allows you to do your own color-binning using own phosphor Very high adhesion to various plastics (grim-death comparison ) Outstanding toughness and moisture resistance Target Applications: Mid-Power LED SMD that have a junction temperature (Tj) < 105 C Applications that are still low volume and require high flexibility Sensor applications, including: Leadless MAP devices IR sensors with unique light-filtering technology UV sensors operating at >350nm Other Potential Applications: UV LED applications that require high transmittance >350nm Mid-Power LED applications that require phosphor mixing 14

OC10-1: Silicone Replacement Cast Compound Key Features and Benefits SolEpoxy OC10-1 Product Benefits: Cost Effective alternative to silicone for encapsulant of Mid Power LED High (>90%) transmission

15 OC10-1: Silicone Replacement Cast Compound Key Features and Benefits SolEpoxy OC10-1 Product Benefits: Cost Effective alternative to silicone for encapsulant of Mid Power LED High (>90%) transmission from 270nm 14,000nm Non-yellowing after 1000 s of hours at temperatures of 105 C Shelf-Life stability is 5 C Allows you to do your own color-binning using own phosphor Very high adhesion to various plastics (grim-death comparison ) Outstanding toughness and moisture resistance Target Applications: Mid-Power LED SMD that have a junction temperature (Tj) < 105 C Applications that do not yet use an auto-feed transfer mold equipment Other Potential Applications: UV LED applications that require high transmittance >350nm Outdoor RGB SMT LED applications that require UV Resist Mid-Power LED applications that require phosphor mixing 15

16 Encapsulation Alternatives for Mid-Power LED SolEpoxy Clear Encapsulants vs Alternatives Property SolEpoxy OC10-1 Hybrid Cast Clear Pellets OL10-1 Hybrid Liquid CMC OP1000 Hybrid CMC Alternatives Dimethyl Silicone Phenyl Silicone Transmission (Initial) 270nm 270nm 270nm 320nm 320nm Heat Resistance Tj < 125 C Tj < 105 C Tj < 125 C Tj < 170 C Tj < 150 C UV Resistance Adhesion Epoxy/PPA/PCT/Ag Epoxy/PPA/PCT/Ag Epoxy/PPA/PCT/Ag OK to Silicone/PPA OK to Silicone/PPA Gas Permeability (Sulphur) Rigidity (E Modulus) Refractive Index (Efficiency) Production Flexibility Transfer Mold Dispense Transfer Mold Dispense/Compress Dispense/Compress Production Efficiency Shelf Life 18 5 C 6 months@ -20 C 18 5 C 6 5 C 6 5 C Material Cost Worst Poor Fair Good Best Essentially, silicone is over-engineered for many of the applications that use it. 16

The 3+ Known Problems with Silicones Silicone is non-yellowing but mechanical properties are poor 1.

Dust on silicone will stick and reduce light output 3.

Delamination De-lamination at PPA/PCT interface with Silicone creates dark spots reduces reflectivity

17 The 3+ Known Problems with Silicones Silicone is non-yellowing but mechanical properties are poor 1. Soft & Sticky Pressure on silicone can break wires. Dust on silicone will stick and reduce light output 3. Porosity Water and chemicals can penetrate and corrode silver to black reducing reflectivity 2. Delamination De-lamination at PPA/PCT interface with Silicone creates dark spots reduces reflectivity & light output 4. Cost Water and chemicals can penetrate and corrode silver to black reducing reflectivity 5. Rigidity Water and chemicals can penetrate and corrode silver to black reducing reflectivity

$SolEpoxy Clear Encapsulants Refractive Index and Reflow Resistance 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.$ RI translates to higher light output, and thus higher efficiency Transmittance (%) Transmittance of 1mm

RI translates to higher light output, and thus higher efficiency Transmittance (%) Transmittance of 1mm

1 mm thick In-situ testing reveals that with thicknesses <0.

18 SolEpoxy Clear Encapsulants Refractive Index and Reflow Resistance Refractive 400nm Dimethyl Silicone Phenyl Silicone SolEpoxy Clear High Refractive Index Higher RI translates to higher light output, and thus higher efficiency Transmittance (%) Transmittance of 1mm after 3x 260C Reflow Clear Encaps <0.1 mm thick In-situ testing reveals that with thicknesses <0.1mm that SolEpoxy Clear Encapsulants have a transmittance similar to quartz glass Wavelength (nm) Designed for SMT Reflow Stable optical and mechanical properties even after 3x IR reflow at 260 C 18

Optically Clear Encapsulants Initially & after Aging Transmittance after Aging @ 100 C, 3000 hours, 1 mm thick 100 90 % Transmission 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Transmission @ 460nm Initial: 90.

19 Optically Clear Encapsulants Initially & after Aging Transmittance after 100 C, 3000 hours, 1 mm thick % Transmission nm Initial: 90.39% OC mm - 0hrs OC mm hrs After 3, C: 87.95% (Δ = 2.7%) ** In very thin sections (ie. 6um thick spin coating quantum dots on a wafer) OC10-1 had very high transmission (similar to quartz) even at 250 nm wavelength! Wavelength, nm 19

20 OL10-1 Initially & after Aging Transmittance after 105 C, 2000 hours, 1 mm thick % Transmission OL10-1 1mm thick 0hrs OL10-1 1mm thick 2000 hrs Transmission 450nm No degradation above 450 nm Less than 1% transmittance loss after C Wavelength, nm 20

OL10-1 Initially & after Aging (Normalized) Transmittance after Aging @ 105 C, 2000 hours, 1 mm thick 100 90 80 % Transmission 70 60 50 40 30 20 OL10-1 1mm thick 0hrs OL10-1 1mm

21 OL10-1 Initially & after Aging (Normalized) Transmittance after 105 C, 2000 hours, 1 mm thick % Transmission OL10-1 1mm thick 0hrs OL10-1 1mm thick 2000 hrs Normalized for 100% Transmission No degradation above 450 nm Less than 1% transmittance loss after C Wavelength, nm 21

22 Refractive Index Comparison Comparison of SolEpoxy Clear Encapsulants OP1000 OC10-1 OG10-1 OL10-1 Samples prepared 10/2014, test data 11/2014 by J. A. Woollam Co. on a M-2000 Model: DI Samples: 1 mm thickness Opto MC PB for C Opto Liquid PB for C

23 SolEpoxy Clear Encapsulants Transmission Data before and after heat exposure OC10-1 has good transmission initially and after C OC10-1 OL1000 OC10-1 OL1000 Transmission data at T=0 Transmission data at T= 500 hours 23

SolEpoxy Clear Encaps better MSL Performance Designed with lower

boil @ 100 C With 2hr & 4hr Postbake @ 150 C Glass Transition

50% 148.0 146.0 0.40% 144.0 142.0 0.30% 140.0 0.20% 138.0 136.0 0.10% 0.

0 OL10-1 OC10-1 OP1000 4hr PB 2hr PB Low Moisture Absorption Means less

24 SolEpoxy Clear Encaps better MSL Performance Designed with lower moisture absorption & higher Tg Moisture Absorption, % After 1 hour 100 C With 2hr & 4hr 150 C Glass Transition Temperature (Tg), C With 2hr & 4hr 150 C 0.60% % % % % % 0.00% OL10-1 OC10-1 OP1000 4hr PB 2hr PB OL10-1 OC10-1 OP1000 4hr PB 2hr PB Low Moisture Absorption Means less pop-corning and better MSL performance High Tg High glass transition temperatures of SolEpoxy Clear Encapsulants 24

00 Total Transmittance (%) 90 85 NB2917-25 - 1mm OC10-1 OP1000-1mm OP1000 10.00 5.00 0.

25 SolEpoxy Clear Encaps Adhesion Data Designed for Copper, Silver and Preplated Leadframes Adhesion to various plating surfaces Adhesion, kgf Total Transmittance (%) NB mm OC10-1 OP1000-1mm OP OP1000 OG10-1 OC10-1 Cu High Adhesion Proven on Cu, Ag and NiPdAu leadframes Ag NiPdAu Wavelength (nm) 25

26 SolEpoxy Clear Encapsulants Summary of Properties Cured Properties* *After C OP1000 OC10-1 OG10-1 OL10-1 Sunshine Gel 125 C, min N/A N/A N/A 24 Viscosity Initial, Cps After 7 25 C 460nm Initial, % % Refractive 460nm Mold Shrinkage, % TBD TBD TBD 1.07% Glass Transition Temperature, C Coefficient of Thermal Expansion, ppm/ C Alpha 1 Alpha 2 Die Shear Adhesion, lbs (kg) Glass Epoxy, FR4 Copper, Cu TBD () TBD () TBD () TBD () TBD () TBD () TBD () TBD () Water Absorption after 4hs@150 C, % Boiling Water, 1 hour 0.48% 0.44% 0.48% 0.25% Flexural Properties after C Flexural Strength, MPa (psi) Flexural Modulus, GPa (Mpsi) Flexural Toughness, MPa (psi) 110 MPa (16,830 psi) N/A N/A 110 MPa (16,830 psi) N/A N/A 110 MPa (16,830 psi) N/A N/A 122 MPa (17,695 psi) 2.8 GPa (0.41 Mpsi) 2.51 MPa (363,000 psi) 26

27 Light Filtering Version for IR Devices Transmission Data, 1mm, molded 2 150C Transmittance, % Cuts out all visible light. Transmission below 800nm < 1% 950nm > 85% Wavelength, nm 50

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