METALS Types, Properties and Production

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1 METALS Types, Properties and Production FFD 301 Furniture Design By Ertan Demirkan 2012

2 Manufacturing Processes All manufacturing processes can be classified into seven types: 1. Casting and Molding 2. Forming and Shearing 3. Machining (material removal) Chip-making Chipless Heat cutting 4. Heat treating 5. Finishing 6. Assembly 7. Inspection

3 Manufacturing Methods

4 Types of Metals Metals Ferrous Nonferrous Powdered Metallurgy

5

6 Cast Iron Teapot Forged Iron Table Forged Iron Chair

7 Steel Coffe Table Tool Steel (hi-alloy) Swords Steel Armchair

8

9 Aluminium Table (sheet top, cast foot) Aluminium accessories (cast) Aluminium Folding Chair (tube structure)

10 Gold cabinet(sheet top, cast foot) Gold Plated Mirror

11 Silver Ring Silver Embossed Chest Silver Urns

12 Chrome plated car Chrome plated water tap Chrome plated furniture parts

13 Titanium plated watches Tin boxes Nickel plated gun Platinum diamond ring

14 How to Form Metal

15 Liquid State Forming - Casting and Molding Casting: -A mold is prepared with the pattern (model of the object) - Melted metal is poured into the mold. - When it gets cold, object is taken off and finishings are made. Molding: -A mold is prepared (usually from a harder and temperature resistant metal -steel-) - Metal granules or heated metal (not melted-fluid) is injected and pressured into the mold. - Heat treatment under pressure is applied to the mold. - When it gets cold, object is taken off and finishings are made.

16 Liquid State Forming - Casting and Molding

17 Liquid State Forming - Casting and Molding

18 Liquid State Forming - Casting and Molding Furniture accessories (legs, handles, knobs, etc.) Furniture parts

19 Liquid State Forming - Casting and Molding Furniture produced by Casting

20 Plastic State Forming Plastic State Forming is a forming operation on a solid bar of metal, at elevated temperature, but below critical or melting temperature. The aim of this operation is not only to shape the material, but also to control the grain structure, so the strength of the formed part is enhanced.

21

22 Plastic State Forming - Rolling

23 Plastic State Forming Forging (Drop forging)

24 Plastic State Forming Forging Plastic State Forming Drawn Wire

25 Plastic State Forming Direct Extrusion

26 Plastic State Forming Direct Extrusion

27 Plastic State Forming Direct Extrusion Extruded (aluminium) profiles

28 Plastic State Forming Direct Extrusion Extruded (aluminium) parts in furniture

29 Plastic State Forming Extrusion Extruded (aluminium) parts in furniture

30 Plastic State Forming Impact Extrusion

31 Solid State Forming

32 Solid State Forming Wire and Tube Bending

33 Solid State Forming Wire and Tube Bending Eames, Eiffel Chair Harry Bertoia, Wire Chair

34 Solid State Forming Wire and Tube Bending

35 Solid State Forming Wire and Tube Bending

36 Solid State Forming Roll Bending (sheet metal)

37 Solid State Forming Roll Bending (sheet metal)

38 Solid State Forming Die Bending (Press Brake - sheet metal)

39 Solid State Forming Die Bending (Press Brake - sheet metal)

40 Solid State Forming Die Bending (Press Brake - sheet metal)

41 Solid State Forming Spinning (sheet metal)

42 Solid State Forming Spinning (sheet metal)

43 Solid State Forming Drawing and Deep Drawing (sheet metal)

44 Solid State Forming Punching (sheet metal)

45 Solid State Forming Shearing (sheet metal)

46 Chip Forming Cutting - Machining

47 Chip Forming Cutting - Machining

48 Chip Forming Cutting Flame and Lazer cutting

49 Chip Forming Cutting Flame and Lazer cutting

50 Metal Joining

51 Metal Joining - Soldering

52 Metal Joining Gas Welding

53 Metal Joining Arc Welding

54 Metal Joining Arc Welding

55 Metal Joining Gas Tungsten Arc Welding

56 Metal Joining Resistance Welding

57 Metal Joining Adhesive Joining

58 Metal Joining Mechanical

59 Metal Joining Mechanical

60 Metal Joining Mechanical

61 Metal Joining Mechanical (Pop Riveting)

62 Metal Joining Mechanical

63 Appearance Finishing and Coating

64 RESOURCES: 1. Industrial Design, Materials and Manufacturing Guide, Jim Lesco, 2008, 2nd ed.,john Wiley & Sons, New Jersey 2. Materials and Processes in Manufacturing, E. Paul DeGarmo, 1969, 3rd ed., The Macmillan Company, Canada 3. Internet resources; Youtube, Wikipedia, Design Websites. (by keyword research) Copyrights of the texts, photos and movies are protected by and remain at the owners. You may transmit this document to anyone for any noncommercial purpose if you include the copyright line and this sentence.

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