January 16-17, 2014 Geneva Switzerland. Presentation by Azhar Ishak Member (RA V) ICT, OPAG2, CAgM, WMO

Transcription

1 WMO Commission for Agricultural Meteorology (CAgM) Implementation / Coordination Team (ICT) on Support Systems for Agrometeorological Services January 16-17, 2014 Geneva Switzerland Presentation by Azhar Ishak Member (RA V) ICT, OPAG2, CAgM, WMO

2 3 Questions to address under the RA V Perspectives 1. How are agrometeorological data, tools, and information delivery systems being used at national and regional levels to support the farming community. 2. What procedures, methodologies, and resources are needed to improve these nationally- and regionally-based agro- meteorological services? 3. What can be done to help the developing and least developed countries build their capacity and strengthen their infrastructure to conduct agrometeorological activities?

3 Questionnaires were to almost all the PRs of RA V? Only 4 responded Australia, New Zealand and late received from Indonesia and the French Polynesia Other agriculture based countries such as the Philippine and the Pacific Islands did not give any feedback

4 Australia Perspectives: Answers to Question 1: How are agrometeorological data, tools, and information delivery systems being used at national and regional levels to support the farming community in Australia. Using a case study if available. BOM conducts regular consultative committee meetings with key agricultural stakeholders in most Australian states. The state and Northern Territory government departments provide community outreach education and advice for the users at local level. Services are generally distributed through the web ( RSS feeds, , ftp and other standard file formats. The Bureau s Water and the Land Portal at provides a suite of information for those involved in primary production and natural resource management. A new graphical map-based forecast service is available called MetEye. MetEye allows farmers to easily search for weather forecasts for their own farm location. The graphical displays have a temporal resolution of the various forecast elements (eg temperature, rainfall, wind, etc.) of3 hourly intervals up to 7 days in advance. See

5 Australia Perspectives: 2) What procedures, methodologies, and resources are needed to improve these nationally- and regionallybased agrometeorological services? Quality Management Systems (QMS) need to be implemented to continually improve services to meet user requirements. This includes soliciting and validating user requirements, mechanisms for ensuring scientific currency, performance monitoring of key indicators and user-based assessment of end products and services. The Bureau is currently working towards a formalized QMS consistent with WMO guidelines.

6 Australia Perspectives: 3) What can be done to help the developing and least developed countries build their capacity and strengthen their infrastructure to conduct agrometeorological activities? National and international sponsorship and/or government aid programs. Programs would include transfer of technology that facilitates not only improvement of NWP usage and output, but also improving the end users ability to extract weather information that informs their critical weather related decisions. These programs also need to be linked to further training for meteorological staff and their awareness of the requirements of the end users of their products and services. Ideally, there would also be further activity in the area of public education and awareness of the new and improved products and how to use them effectively.

7 New Zealand Perspectives: Answers to Question 1: How are agrometeorological data, tools, and information delivery systems being used at national and regional levels to support the farming community in New Zealand. Open and mostly free access to raw climate observations through the National Climate Database. Automated, pre-formatted supply of data to key clients for agricultural model applications, agricultural research, and value added services. General climate data summaries and publications, including soil moisture and drought analyses, recent conditions and seasonal outlooks eg. Data includes interpretation of global seasonal forecast models for New Zealand conditions, and subsequent evaluations of the reliability of such forecasts. Short term (2-10 days) region-specific forecastsdeliveredvia mobile app of expected rural weather conditions and special purpose forecasts,for example, for agricultural spraying.(

8 Cont. Structured agricultural sector engagement to evaluate the application of agro meteorological services An on-line tool, High Intensity Rainfall Design System (HIRDS), which can estimate rainfall depth return periods anywhere in New Zealand Interpolation of daily rainfall, potential evapotranspiration, air and vapour pressure, maximum and minimum air temperature, soil temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, wind speed and soil moisture onto a regular (~5km) grid covering the whole of New Zealand

9 (2) What procedures, methodologies, and resources are needed to improve these nationally- and regionally-based agro meteorological services? Example: More analysis is needed on the value proposition (ability to add value to agricultural production) by using agro-meteorological services, such that these services can be correctly priced and/or justifiably supported by agricultural producers and agencies, and regional or national government funding.

10 (3) What can be done to help the developing and least developed countries build their capacity and strengthen their infrastructure to conduct agrometeorological activities? Two examples: Provide automated end-to-end data systems that directly link and evaluate near real time observations with long term climate, current agricultural conditions such as soil moisture and disease risk, and seasonal expectations. For example, the Pacific Hydro-Climate Information System (HYCIS), currently being developed in Samoa, Fiji, and Solomon Islands. The system provides connectivity that links observations, data telemetry, database management (CliDE database), and climate services (CliDEsc applications layer). Increase support for opportunities to engage agricultural workers, administrators and scientists in the design and delivery of agrometeorological services. See for example Strengthening Climate Services in Samoa: Recommendations for the next development phase of integrating climate change mitigation and adaptation services into the agriculture and health sectors in Samoa Compiled for the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Government of Samoa, Feb 2013.

11 Question 3, related to Fisheries by Dr Salinger New Zealand, Research Associate University of Auckland, President CAgM, WMO As part of an Asia/Pacific Network for Global Change Research Workshop on Climate and Oceanic Fisheries on 3-5 October 2011, Tools for fishers in the Pacific Islands, 7-9 December 2011 Both in Rarotonga. New Zealand

12 Major Recommendations Fisheries need to be properly managed given the increasing influence of climate change on fish resource distributions. The most practical way to make fish stocks resilient to climate change is to improve the management of fish habitats (particularly through integrated coastal zone management), There is a need to maintain, expand, coordinate and improve monitoring of meteorological, oceanographic and fisheries data Uncertainty must be taken into consideration and communicated at least at the scientific level; communication of uncertainty to the public must be done with caution. A multi-model approach is preferred to account for uncertainty There is a need to share information and capacity among the national, regional, and international institutions and organizations involved in fisheries and climate change

13 Major Recommendations The possible effects of climate change on oceanic fisheries should be communicated to governments and in particular, uncertainty or the range of possible effects in projections needs to be articulated; bringing together experts, media and fishers and their communities to improve communication of important climate information to end users; communicating knowledge on climate events which will impact on fisheries production; and developing ways of interfacing these climate tools via various media communication technologies.

14 Indonesian Perspective Answer for No 1 Indonesia has launched Climatological Early Warning System (CEWS) as an end to end system from observation to dissemination of product to user. Answer for No 2 Methods to improve the agrometeorological service, they have conducted Climate Field School (CFS) programs to farmers that enable the understanding of climate information, particularly on site, through a training process. ( Reported the CFS program through the report of ET 1.2. on Strengthening Operational Agrometeorological Services (ETSOAS) as Indonesia is the member from RA V. Answer for No 3 Increased / strengthened the observations both the density and the type of observation (from manual to automatic). Expand product diversification and focus to the information those really needed by the agricultural sector.

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18 Dr Yann Guillou, Director of Meteo-France in French Polynesia (1) The main island of French Polynesia is mountainous and does not have industrial agriculture. Tailored agrometeorological services are not requested by the local farming community, who essentially uses public meteorological information provided by Meteo-France in French Polynesian (2) To improve these agrometeorologicalservices in French Polynesia, from a technical point of view, we would need data on the soil water content. (3) To help the developing and least developed countries build their capacity and strengthen their infrastructure to conduct agrometeorologicalactivities, we recommend to: - help building and modernisingthe basic meteorological infrastructure of the developing and least developed countries, - help rescue existing climatologicaldata and made it available in a database, - liaise with the farming communities to develop what they need (as an example, the needs of black pearls farmers are not those of coprahfarmers) and involve them in Regional Climate Outlook Fora(RCOF) held by WMO.

19 Malaysia Perspectives: Answers to Question 1: How are agro- meteorological data, tools, and information delivery systems being used at national and regional levels to support the farming community in Australia. Using a case study if available. Services are generally distributed through the web ( and hardcopy

20 Agromet Products MetMalaysia 10 DAYS AGROMET BULLETIN AGROCLIMATIC ANALYSIS & OUTLOOK (Monthly) PLANT PHENOLOGY OF SELECTED CROPS

21 10 Days Agromet Bulletin

22 10 Days Agromet Bulletin Contents Summary and Highlights Weather Assessment Rainfall Temperature Soil Moisture Distribution Solar radiation Evaporation Weather Outlook and Suggestions Expected weather impact on agriculture

23 Maps of 10 days Agro-meteorological Bulletin Total 10 days rainfall

24 Maps of 10 days Agro-meteorological Bulletin Deviation of Total Rainfall from Normal (Average 30 years)

25 10 days Agro-Meteorological Bulletin Mean Daily Evaporation

26 Daily Basis Output Soil Moisture Distribution

27 Agroclimatic Analysis & Outlook

28 Plant Phenology of Selected Crops

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30 Fire Danger Rating System (daily updated for ASEAN region)

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34 (2) What procedures, methodologies, and resources are needed to improve these nationally- and regionally-based agro meteorological services Information is too technical: Meeting between stakeholders/ agricultural agencies with farmers need to be conducted at district level so that they can get more information about weather/climate products interpretation

35 (3) What can be done to help the developing and least developed countries build their capacity and strengthen their infrastructure to conduct agrometeorological activities? National and international sponsorship and/or government aid programs. Programs would include transfer of technology

36 Thank You