Three Levels of Power Distribution Ø Unitary Ø Ø
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1 SS6CG4 The student will compare and contrast various forms of government. a. Describe the ways government systems distribute power: unitary, confederation, and federal. b. Explain how governments determine citizen participation: autocratic, oligarchic, and democratic. c. Describe the two predominant forms of democratic governments: parliamentary and presidential. Essential Question(s): 1. How do the unitary, confederation, and federal government systems distribute power? 2. How do autocratic, oligarchic, and democratic governments determine citizen participation? 3. What are the components of parliamentary and presidential government?
2 Forms of Government
3 Forms of Government SS6CG4 The student will compare and contrast various forms of government. a. Describe the ways government systems distribute power: unitary, confederation, federal.
4 SS6CG4a. Describe the ways government systems distribute power: unitary, confederation, federal. Three Levels of Power Distribution Ø Unitary Ø Ø Confederation Federal
5 .
6 Distribution of Power Unitary Government System Is a system of government where power is held by one central authority at the national level. Any other levels of government that are put in place are appointed by the national government and can be taken away by the national government. Examples: absolute monarchy or dictatorship- ALSO- democratic governments could be unitary. Cuba, USSR (former Soviet Union), Germany (during WWII), and Great Britain.
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8 Distribution of Power Confederation Government System is one that is a voluntary association of independent states in which the local governments hold all of the power, and the central government depends on the local governments for its existence. The central government has only as much power as the local governments allow. Example: the United Nations and the European Union
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10 Distribution of Power Federal Government System a political system in which power is shared among a central government and different levels of regional government. This type of system usually has an executive branch, legislative branch, and judicial branch that make up the government. Power is shared between the national levels and the local levels of the government. Officials are chosen for each level in separate elections. Each level supports the others. Examples: United States, Germany, and Australia
11 Forms of Government SS6CG4 The student will compare and contrast various forms of government. b. Explain how governments determine citizen participation: autocratic, oligarchic, and democratic.
12 SS7CG1b. Explain how governments determine citizen participation: autocratic, oligarchic, and democratic. Three Levels of Citizen Participation: Ø Autocratic Ø Ø Oligarchic Democratic
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14 Role of the Citizens Autocratic Government is one in which the one ruler has absolute power to do whatever he/she wishes and make and enforce laws. Individual citizens have very few if any rights to choose leaders, vote on laws, or participate in important decisions regarding management of the country. Individuals are often not allowed to voice disapproval of decisions made by the government. The citizen plays little or no role in government. Czarist Russia was an autocracy.
15 Role of the Citizens Oligarchy Means government by the few. A political party or small group make decisions for the country with this type of government. The other citizens have very little voice in the decision making process. Individuals have very little choice but to go along with the decisions made by the small group in power. Citizens have a very limited role. Many medieval governments were oligarchic. Iran is an oligarchy.
16 Role of the Citizens Democratic Government Is a system in which individual citizens play a greater role in determining who the leaders are and what decisions are made. Decisions are usually made by majority votes. Laws are in place to protect individuals rights. Processes are established for citizens to voice disagreement with policies and to ask the government to correct the situation if rights are violated. Citizens have power, rights, and a major role in government. France is a democractic country.
17 Role of the Citizen Democratic Government Two types of democratic governments. Ø Ø Parliamentary Presidential
18 Role of the Citizen Democratic Government Parliamentary Democracy Power is held by the legislature. o Executive power may be held by a small group of legislators or by the office of the prime minister. o If there is a president, the office is elected by the legislature The United Kingdom has a parliamentary democracy.
19 Role of Citizen Parliamentary Democracy Parliamentary System Found in the United Kingdom and Germany Parliament is a cabinet of members who carry out laws for legislature elected by citizens Head of Gov t Prime Minister is in Legislative Branch and is chosen by legislature/parliament Head of State is a President or Monarch (ex. Queen of England) host parties
20 Role of the Citizen Democratic Government Presidential Democracy The president is constitutionally independent of the legislature. The president is elected in a free election. The United States is a presidential democracy.
21 Role of Citizen Presidential Democracy Three Branches of gov t 1. legislative congress makes laws, 2. judicial supreme court explains laws, 3. executive president & vice president carry out laws President is Head of State and Head of Gov t and is independent from other branches and is chosen by the citizens.
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