Miniature Greenhouse for Precision Agriculture PROJECT PLAN

Transcription

1 Miniature Greenhuse fr Precisin Agriculture PROJECT PLAN Team Number: DEC1617 Adviser: Liang Dng Xinran Wang Team Members/Rles: Victr Gmez (Cmmunicatin Leader) Esdras Murill (Team Leader) Pat Martin (Webmaster) Rmina Rivadeneira (Webmaster) Yufeng Huang (Key Cncept Hlder) Austin Zehr (Key Cncept Hlder) Team Team Website: dec1617.sd.ece.iastate.edu Revised: February 20th, 2016

2 Cntents 1 Intrductin 1.1 Prject statement 1.2 Purpse 1.3 Gals 2 Deliverables 3 Design 3.1 Previus Wrk/Literature 3.2 Prpsed System Blck Diagram 3.3 Assessment f Prpsed Methds 3.4 Validatin 4 Prject Requirements/Specificatins 4.1 Functinal 4.2 Nn-functinal 5 Challenges 6 Timeline 6.1 First Semester 6.2 Secnd Semester 7 Cnclusins 8 References PAGE 1

3 1 Intrductin 1.1 PROJECT STATEMENT In cperatin with the Plant Science Institute, ur prject aims t enable testing and cntrlling plant grwth under different cnditins with relative ease. The main gal f this prject is t create a system that will fllw a plant s develpment. This system with als allw fr testing different variables such as temperature, light intensity, sil misture, sil nutrient cntent, and CO2 levels. An autmatic rbtic imaging system will be used t capture plant grwth and watering f the plants will be cntrlled by a water pump system in cnjunctin with a sil misture sensr. This acquired data will then be made wirelessly available and cntrllable by the use f a Raspberry-Pi micrcmputer. 1.2 PURPOSE In a wrld that is becming mre and mre ppulated, efficient farming techniques are becming essential. The specificatins fr this type f system are imprtant because they allw fr cmplete cntrl ver a plant s envirnment, enabling researchers t understand their plant grwth fr better prductins. 1.3 GOALS Make use f a rbtic arm t take images f plant grwth. Implement and expand the water pump system fr water irrigatin created by the previus senir design grup. Build and test small greenhuses that can keep cnditins cnstant fr plant grwth. Design a sensr that detects the nitrate and ammnia levels in the sil. 2 Deliverables In the end, we will create Greenhuse chamber in which we can use the rbtic arm t take images f plant grwth. Inside the Chamber, we have the ability t cntrl temperature, light, and water fr the plant grwth. Our plan is t create a system that will be easily expandable. 3 Design Include any pssible methds and/r slutins fr appraching the prject at hand. Yu may want t include diagrams such as flwcharts t, blck diagrams, r ther types t visualize these cncepts. 3.1 PREVIOUS WORK/LITERATURE Prir t starting wrk n this prject, the team decided t gain sme backgrund knwledge n hw greenhuses wrk. Research was cnducted n what techniques are used in greenhuses t facilitate plant grwth. Infrmatin n this can be fund at surce, Hw Greenhuses Wrk lcated in the References sectin. Previusly, a wireless sil misture sensr, watering system, and leaf thickness sensr were designed as part f DEC1514 s Senir Design prject. We are tasked with updating this system and imprving it t include duble the plant cunt, as well as implement a nutrient sensr system int the array. The previus grup s cde is available frm the referenced surce current.in in the References sectin. PAGE 2

4 3.2 PROPOSED SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM 3.3 ASSESSMENT OF PROPOSED METHODS Fr the misture sensr, many different prducts are available. One is a prbe that allws water t flw up using a capillary methd and is very reliable and accurate, but this wicks the water away frm the system, which can dramatically change the grwth envirnment. The mst cmmn type is ne that uses the resistance measured acrss tw t fur parallel brass plates and relating it t a relative misture cntent. We will be using this apprach, unless we find a better way, as it is already well prven t wrk. Fr the watering system, the mst cmmn autnmus methd used is t use an electric water pump that is switched n when needed. If we were trying t push very small amunts f water arund, this methd wuld be the least efficient. This methd was used in the previus prject, and n reasn t deviate frm this has been fund because we are pumping many milliliters f water at a time. The sil nutrient sensr may have sme srt f piezelectric pump, r smething that nly pumps micrliters at a time, due t the amunt f water siphned fr analyzatin changing the sil envirnment dramatically. Fr the lighting system, many different types f lighting are available. The main types are natural, incandescent, flurescent, and LED. We will be using LED lighting because the greenhuse will be inside a lab, and natural lighting is nt pssible in mst lab envirnments. LEDs are the mst pwer efficient ptin, and they are als small and available in almst any visible clr spectrum chice desired. Fr the rbtic arm, ur gal is t make use f it in as many practical ways as pssible. We are explring ideas that include having the arm pen a dr r slide pen a screen using a gripper, and the ability t pick up a camera t take images f the plant. After we make sure that ur base functins are in place, we will lk int expanding ur ptins fr use f the rbtic arm. PAGE 3

5 Because f the size f the greenhuses, a thermal cntrl device must be used t change the temperature in the grwing space. There are tw main ptins fr heating; infrared and radiated heat. Because infrared can change the grwing pattern, we will use a radiated heat surce. This surce will be a small cmmercial ffthe-shelf space heater switched with either a mechanical r a slid state relay. The tw main cling surces are refrigerant-based and Peltier-type cling. Due t refrigerant-based systems requiring large spaces t run, and being quite nisy during peratin, we will be using a Peltier device. This is less efficient, but can fit int very small spaces. 3.4 VALIDATION We will be using 32 mini greenhuses, and can try any and all slutins presented and cmpare the results t btain the best slutin. Mst cnfirmatin will be sftware-based, as the majr cnfrmatin prtin will be in the wireless cmmunicatin, and the sensr readings verificatin. The main gal f this prject is t supply an envirnment where we cntrl all the variables that affect plant grwth. Success in this prject is measured by ur ability t d s. We will have succeeded when we can alter every variable t ur specificatins. 4 Prject Requirements/Specificatins 4.1 FUNCTIONAL In rder t fulfill the specificatins f the prject there are specific requirements that must be met fr each specificatin. Specificatin: Create a system that cntrls the temperature in an envirnmental chamber (small greenhuse) fr plant grwth. Requirement: The system that cntrls the temperature inside each individual grwth chamber must feature a heating and cling system and must keep the temperature unifrm thrughut the inside f the chamber. Specificatin: Cllabrate t create an imprved and simple design f sensrs t capture imprtant variables fr plant grwth. Requirement: Sensrs used thrughut this prject must be simple and accurate in their measurements and must nt be t expensive, as they are used in up t 32 grwth chambers. Specificatin: Expand the capabilities f the previus autmated water irrigatin pump system. Requirement: New water pump system must be develped frm the previusly develped system. New system shuld be imprved t be mre user friendly, and als duble the capabilities f irrigatin frm 16 t 32. This irrigatin system shuld be able t wrk in cntrl with the autmated rbt. Specificatin: Develp an LED lighting system capable f adjustable light intensity within the grwth chamber. Requirement: In rder t facilitate the best plant grwth, the light intake needs t be managed, by using an LED system that can have its light intensity cntrlled thrugh a micr cntrller. LED lighting system must be lcated inside the chamber, but must nt blck the view f the rbtic imaging system. PAGE 4

6 Specificatin: Prgram a rbtic arm t peridically take images f plant develpment. Requirement: The client wants an up-t-date prgress reprt n plant develpment at any given time. In rder t facilitate this, we will prgram a rbtic arm that will take images using a camera with a gripper attachment. The images will then be upladed and made available t whever has access. 4.2 NON-FUNCTIONAL The sil nutrient sensr is part f a separate PhD prject, we are tasked with interfacing it int ur endsystem. As lng as the input/utput data requirements are prvided fr this sensr system befre the end f the greenhuse prject, we shall implement it int the final system. The final system must be able t be expanded frm ne greenhuse up t 32 greenhuses/plants, allwing the mnitr and cntrl f each f these plants separately. The system must be reliable and able t mnitr and cntrl sil misture levels with minimal human input if necessary. There must be enugh strage space t ensure that the data will nt verflw, as well as having regular time intervals between measurements. This will be achieved by the use f wirelessly transmitting the sensr data t a raspberry-pi, r ther type f wirelessly cnnected server. 5 Challenges Cst Mney at the mment isn t an issue, but as the prject prgresses unfreseen purchases may need t be made. Material Finding the prper materials fr insulatin and light cntrl has required sme wrk up t this pint and is still being researched. Equipment We are currently lking int equipment that is cmpatible with ur system and able t cmplete the desired actins. Knwledge f Area Research is needed in mst areas f this prject befre we are able t mve frward. The electrical system f water management, mdeling sftware fr design purpses, and prgramming fr the rbtic arm. 6 Timeline 6.1 FIRST SEMESTER Temperature Cntrl (Yufeng Huang) Cntrl system in place t adjust temperature in greenhuses. Lighting Cntrl (Victr Gmez) System in place t prvide required lighting, and adjust fr image quality. PAGE 5

7 Water Pump System (Esdras Murill and Rmina Rivadeneira) Set up fr expansin f greenhuse system, able t mnitr 32 plants. Sil Sensr Mnitring System (Pat Martin) Initial implementatin f sil sensr t mnitr sil misture. Rbtic Arm (Austin Zehr) Ability t take peridic images, dcumenting grwth f the plant. Ability t pen a dr/shutter, in rder t take image f plant. Website (Rmina Rivadeneira and Pat Martin) Have a fully functining website dcumenting prgress n the prject. 6.2 SECOND SEMESTER Temperature Cntrl (Yufeng Huang) Lighting Cntrl (Victr Gmez) Water Management (Esdras Murill and Rmina Rivadeneira) Sil Sensr Mnitring System (Pat Martin) Rbtic Arm (Austin Zehr) Website (Rmina Rivadeneira) Revise and update the prject with the final details befre the end f the semester. 7 Cnclusins In this prject, we will mainly create a Greenhuse chamber in which we can use the rbtic arm t take images f plant grwth. Inside the Chamber, we have the ability t cntrl temperature, light, and water fr the plant grwth. Specifically, we will divide this prject int fur parts which are cling and heating system, lighting system, water pump cntrl and rbt cntrl. In the first semester, we will set fur grups peple t wrk in different parts. Fr cling and heating part, we will mainly build a case fr the cling machine and cntrl the temperature inside the chamber. Fr lighting system, we will use blue, red and green LED t cntrl the light inside the chamber. Fr water pump cntrl, we will develp the water pump system t duble the capabilities f irrigatin frm 16 t 32. Fr rbt cntrl, we will prgram the rbt arm and make it take images using a camera with a gripper attachment. In the secnd semester, we will cmbine the fur different parts t make it wrk tgether. In the end, we will have a cmplete chamber fr the final dem. PAGE 6

8 8 References current.in, Matt Clucas, Hw Greenhuses Wrk, Sara Ellit, PAGE 7