Paks-2 project: construction of two new unit on Paks site

Transcription

1 Paks-2 project: construction of two new unit on Paks site Prof. Dr. Attila Aszódi Bulatom Conference, Varna, 07/06/2017

2 Energy Policy All EU Member States have the sovereign right to choose its energy mix. This is inevitable and evident because of the different conditions and possibilities of the different countries. 07/06/2017 Prof. Dr. Attila Aszódi Source: 2

3 ENTSO-E net electricity generation mix in 2015 Total net generation: 3330 TWh/year 13% 10% 12% 1% 9% 3% 9% 36% 17% 25% Data source: ENTSO-E (2016): Statistical Factsheet /06/2017 Prof. Dr. Attila Aszódi 3

4 ENTSO-E net electrical capacity in % 11% 6% 3% 9% 5% 12% 13% 20% 21% ENTSO-E sum: 1029GW Continental Europe: 929GW Of which big PPs (> 50MW): 590GW Data source: ENTSO-E (2016): Statistical Factsheet 2015, own representation 07/06/2017 Prof. Dr. Attila Aszódi 4

5 Age structure of the continental European power plants (> 50MW) Σ MW 40+ years old MW (25%) Mostly baseload power plants 500+ TWh/year generation to disappear within 15 years Data source: Platts: World Electric Power Plant Database, 2015, own representation 07/06/2017 Prof. Dr. Attila Aszódi 5

6 Age structure of the continental European power plants (> 50MW) Σ MW 30+ years old MW (55%) Mostly baseload power plants TWh/year generation to disappear within 25 years Data source: Platts: World Electric Power Plant Database, 2015, own representation 07/06/2017 Prof. Dr. Attila Aszódi 6

7 The phantom traffic jam effect Source: Youtube 07/06/2017 Prof. Dr. Attila Aszódi 7

8 EU electricity generation mix in the 450 ppm Scenario of WEO2016 In the European Union, fossil-fuelled power output falls to 10% of the total There is life also beyond PV and wind Source: OECD IEA (2016): WEO2016, p Nuclear generation remains stable Data source: IEA (2016): World Energy Outlook 2016, p. 573., PINC Study 07/06/2017 Prof. Dr. Attila Aszódi 8

9 New Power Reactors Capacity of new power reactors under construction (2017) United Arab Emirates; 5380 MW Brazil; 1245 MW Argentina; 25 MW United States of America; 4468 MW Belarus; 2218 MW India; 2990 MW Russia; 5520 MW Ukraine; 2070 MW China; MW Finland; 1600 MW France; 1630 MW Slovakia; 880 MW Pakistan; 2343 MW Republic of Korea; 4020 MW Japan; 2653 MW EU, new nuclear constructions: France (Flamanville-3, 1600 MW) Finland (Olkiluoto-3, 1630 MW) Slovakia (Mohovce-3&4, MW) EU, under preparation: UK (HPC, 2*1600 MW) Finland (Hanhikivi-1, 1200 MW) Hungary (Paks-5&6,2*1200 MW) 07/06/2017 Prof. Dr. Attila Aszódi 9 Source of data: PRIS Database

10 Hungary Population: 9,8 million Territory: km 2 Electricity consumption: ~44 TWh 07/06/2017 Prof. Dr. Attila Aszódi 10

11 Budapest Research Reactor Hungary Paks NPP 4*500 MW Budapest Training Reactor Nuclear share in electricity production 51% Nuclear share in electricity consumption 36% 07/06/2017 Prof. Dr. Attila Aszódi 11

12 Paks-2 project the site Source: Google Maps 07/06/2017 Prof. Dr. Attila Aszódi 12

13 Background of the Paks II project 14/01/2014 Hungarian-Russian Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA) Basis: former intergovernmental agreement on peaceful use of nuclear energy Aims of the HU-RU IGA: Construct two new units (at least 1000 MW each) in Paks Target: 40% localization level Scientific-technical cooperation on specified fields 11/02/2014 Financial Intergovernmental Agreement (FIGA) State loan of max. 10 billion euro for financing 80% of the construction costs Remaining 20% is financed by the Hungarian Party The loan is available between 2014 and 2025 Payoff starts at the start of the commercial operation of the first new unit but not later than March 2026, lasts 21 years Stepped interest rate: 3,95-4,5-4,8-4,95%, early redemption is possible! Implementation Agreements Discussions with the European Commission from a very early stage Signed on 09/12/2014 by Paks II. project company and JSC NIAEP Three implementation agreements: EPC (Engineering Procurement Construction) contract Nuclear fuel supply contract (co-signed by ESA in April 2015) Operation and maintenance support contract 12/06/2017 Prof. Dr. Attila Aszódi 13

14 Paks-2 project the site 07/06/2017 Prof. Dr. Attila Aszódi 14

15 Paks-2 project the site 07/06/2017 Prof. Dr. Attila Aszódi 15

16 Paks-2 the licensing processes Principal permission for water use Site licensing Site evaluation program Site permit Scoping procedure (PCD) + EIA Environmental permit Environmental licensing Permission for introduction of large plant into the electricity system Water right construction license Construction licenses Nuclear safety related construction license Electricity industry related construction license Licenses at system and component level (manufacturing, building assembling) Commissioning license Operation license 07/06/2017 Prof. Dr. Attila Aszódi 16

17 EIA Procedure Aim of the studies to determine the impacts of the new units to the environment. Content of the EIA Report: Basic information about the project Impact of the discharged cooling water on to Danube Air- and water pollution Noise and vibration protection Conventional and radioactive waste management Flora and fauna Radiation effects on the environment Social and economical impacts Bécs óra, 90 fő München óra, 25 fő Ljubljana óra, 25 fő Eszék óra, 20 fő Nagyvárad óra, 10 fő Belgrád óra, 20 fő Kijev óra, 25 fő Bukarest óra, 30 fő Temesvár óra, 10 fő The EIA Report submitted: 19 December National and international (according to the Espoo Convention) public hearings and expert consultations The competent authority issued the environmental licence on 29 September 2016 The licence was appealed by two Hungarian NGOs (Greenpeace Hungary and Energiaklub) The second instance environmental licensing procedure started on 24 November The competent (second instance) environmental licensing authority issued the second instance environmental licence of the Paks II. project on 18 April The decision is approval The objections of the appellants proved to be unfounded. 07/06/2017 Prof. Dr. Attila Aszódi 17

18 Main parts of the site licensing Anthropogenic external hazards Natural external hazards T reoccurence y T reoccurence y The aim of the investigation was to prove that such circumstances do not exist that could make the site unsuitable for NPP construction. Further objectives were identification of external hazards and determination of the site parameters. 07/06/2017 Prof. Dr. Attila Aszódi 18

19 Steps of the site licensing procedure Site assessment and evaluation permit was issued by the HAEA in November 2014 The fieldworks of the Geological Research Program was carried out between April 2015 and August 2016 Final Report of the Geological Research Program already completed Studies related to the nongeological hazards regarding the Paks II site were prepared Application for site licence was submitted to the HAEA: 27 October Site licence issued by the HAEA: 30 March 2017 The site is suitable for the construction of the new units. Based on the available technical-scientific knowledge the conditions and hazards related to the site are manageable by the designer in line with the applicable nuclear safety requirements, the designs of the units are going to be prepared accordingly. 07/06/2017 Prof. Dr. Attila Aszódi 19

20 Main licensing processes under progress 07/06/2017 Prof. Dr. Attila Aszódi 20

21 Nuclear safety is the main priority! The reactor has to comply with the Hungarian requirements (NBSZ) and the international standards VVER-1200, Hungarian requirements Special requirements, based on Hungarian Nuclear Safety Code, EUR, IAEA, WENRA recommendations Feedback from the Fukushima lessons Fukushima-proof design + Widespread Hungarian experience with Russian VVER technology (licensing, opeation, maintenance, education, training, R&D) The probability of accidents shall be minimized The early and large releases have to be practically eliminated Special safety features to cope with DBAs and Design Extension Conditions (passive and active safety systems; core catcher) Robust double wall containment Designed to withstand large passenger airplane crash 07/06/2017 Prof. Dr. Attila Aszódi 21

22 Negotiations with the EU since years Signature of the Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA): 14th Jan 2014 Negotiations with the Commission since end of 2013 All of the topics are closed 1) COM informed HU about no objection against IGA (Jan 2014) 2) Co-signature of fuel supply contract (by ESA in April 2015) 3) COM replied to the notification according to Art 41 of Euratom Treaty: Paks II. fulfills the objectives of the Euratom Treaty (Sept 2015) 4) DG ENVI: 5. in Paks II. Project act (access to specific information) Legislation amended in March 2016 COM accepted. 5) DG GROWTH: Tendering Case dropped in Nov ) DG COMP: State aid Accepted in March /06/2017 Prof. Dr. Attila Aszódi 22

23 Status of the Paks II. project 07/06/2017 Prof. Dr. Attila Aszódi 23