Application of Post Larval collection as a ressource for Aquaculture. Emmanuel Malpot. Noumea, November 24 th The concept of Larval ranching

Transcription

1 Application of Post Larval collection as a ressource for Aquaculture Emmanuel Malpot Noumea, November 24 th 2006 Content: The concept of Larval ranching An innovative company: Tropical Fish Tahiti What future for this concept in Pacific region? 1

2 The life cycle of reef fishes Spawning Colonization settlement Recruitment Dispersal Evolution of survival Some millions Some thousands Colonization = bottleneck (70% mortality in a week due to predation) Some hundreds Few individuals Doomed stock bred by TFT Evolution of mortality in the wild From 10 to 100 days From 1 to 3 month 2

3 How to collect larval fish? Crest Nets Passe Reef crest Lagoon Light-traps Outer slope Channels Developped in French Polynesia Hoa Nets Australian Technique The concept : Ornamental trade Re-stocking Grow-out Food 3

4 sont requis pour visionner cette image. sont requis pour visionner cette image. 11/10/2009 Three key advantages: Non-significant impact on fish populations (colonization is a bottleneck for fish population) Give access to aquaculture where hatchery techniques are not available Very good adaptability of colonizing larvae Rangiroa, Tuamotu archipelago QuickTime et un décompresseur TIFF (non compressé) QuickTime et un décompresseur TIFF (non compressé) 4

5 A stimulating environment : 15 years of fundamental research led by: (E.P.H.E) (Local Fisheries Department ) : Several programs in applied research More than 1 million US $ invested Technical means 4 hoa nets 15 light-traps 264 m 2 facilities 100 grow-out tanks for a total of 20 m 3 5

6 Technical means 4 hoa nets 15 light-traps 264 m 2 facilities 100 grow-out tanks for a total of 20 m 3 Technical means 4 hoa nets 15 light-traps 264 m 2 facilities 100 grow-out tanks for a total of 20 m 3 6

7 Technical means 4 hoa nets 15 light-traps 264 m 2 facilities 100 grow-out tanks = 20 m 3 Financial means invested 40 % subsidized Human means 4 permanent employees 2 trainees from aquaculture school (turn over) 7

8 QuickTime et un décompresseur TIFF (non compressé) sont requis pour visionner cette image. QuickTime et un décompresseur TIFF (non compressé) sont requis pour visionner cette image. 11/10/2009 T.F.T s global figures post-larvae captured yearly fish exported to: Local 14% EUROPE 29% USA 57% Our Know-how: Fish production QuickTime et un décompresseur TIFF (non compressé) sont requis pour visionner cette image. Larval collection Weaning and grow-out (120 species) Larval fish identification International live fish transfers (160 species) (120 species) 8

9 Our Know-how: Engineering T/P C. auriga 14,00 13,00 y = 12,00 11,00 0,0288x 2, ,00 R 2 = 0,984 9,00 8,00 7,00 6,00 5,00 4,00 3,00 2,00 1,00 0,00 0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5 4,0 4,5 5,0 5,5 6,0 6,5 7,0 7,5 8,0 8,5 Taille (en cm) QuickTime et un décompresseur TIFF (non compressé) sont requis pour visionner cette image. Research and Development Training and technical assistance Some Advantages - A transition from Fisheries to Aquaculture - Resources management / Sustainable development - Customers ready to pay 25% to 40% more for cultured fish - Export market - Various technical level = jobs for all - Good image 9

10 but some limits - Market led by wild caught fish - Production costs - Freight costs - Still a confidential technology - Temporal variations in larval supply and some prospects - Larval capture productivity gains: Be market led! 60% 50% 45% 50% 40% 40% 30% 35% 30% 25% 20% 20% 15% 10% 0% Pomacentridae Acanthuridae Microdesmidae Mullidae Tetraodontidae Aulostomidae Blenniidae Ostraciidae Serranidae Carangidae Fistulariidae Dactylopteridae Scaridae Ephipididae Carapidae Mugilidae Priacanthidae Pomacanthidae Albulidae Scyllaridae Muraenidae 10% 5% 0% Pomacentridae Acanthuridae Microdesmidae Mullidae Tetraodontidae Aulostomidae Blenniidae Ostraciidae Serranidae Carangidae Fistulariidae Dactylopteridae Scaridae Ephipididae Carapidae Mugilidae Priacanthidae Pomacanthidae Albulidae Scyllaridae Muraenidae 10

11 - Larval capture productivity gains Wild caught fish Post-larval collection 10 to 50 fish per day 0 to 1000 fish per day Increase catch per working unit to finance the grow-out process - Grow-out productivity gains Zootechnics: a pioneering work Rearing density Feeding Pathology Etc Operation expenses: Labour Energy Up to 100 fish species 11

12 - Marketing Toward certification «Good practices for the protection and management of coral reefs» Through legislation Coral Reef Initiative for the South Pacific Mariculture and Aquaculture Management Standard - Marketing Modeling to optimize commercial sizes $ Market price (M) Fish sizes (cm) 12

13 - Marketing Modeling to optimize commercial sizes $ Cost price (C) = production + freight Market price (M) Fish sizes (cm) - Marketing Modeling to optimize commercial sizes $ Cost price (C) = production + freight Market price (M) Profit margin (P=M-C) Fish sizes (cm) 13

14 - Marketing Modeling to optimize commercial sizes $ Cost price (C) = production + freight Targeted size Market price (M) Profit margin (P=M-C) Fish sizes (cm) A summary - Larval capture productivity gains Be market led Increase catch per working unit - Grow-out productivity gains - Marketing Toward certification Optimizing commercial sizes and freight costs 14

15 Toward a regional cooperation More farms = more weight on the market Sites studies Farm feasibility studies Technical assistance and training Conclusion: Interesting potential for this technique in the Pacific Good Know-how developed in French Polynesia TFT is involved in improving the techniques TFT is willing to play a role in spreading the technology in the Pacific 15

16 16