Erk activation drives intestinal tumorigenesis in Apc min/+ mice

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1 correction notice Nat. Med. 16, (2010) Erk activation drives intestinal tumorigenesis in Apc min/+ mice Sung Hee Lee, Li-Li Hu, Jose Gonzalez-Navajas, Geom Seog Seo, Carol Shen, Jonathan Brick, Scott Herdman, Nissi Varki, Maripat Corr, Jongdae Lee & Eyal Raz In the version of this supplementary file originally posted online, the key in Supplementary Figure 1a was incorrect. The error has been corrected in this file as of 6 October 2010.

2 Supplementary Figure 1 Genetic deletion of Myd88 prevents mortality of Apc min/+ mice. A. Survival curves of Apc min/+ /Lps2 and Apc min/+ /Myd88 -/- mice compared with the Apc min/+ mice. P < for Apc min/+ /Myd88 -/- vs. Apc min/+ mice (Apc min/+ /Lps2 vs. Apc min/+ mice, P=0.0695, by log-rank analysis), n > 25 in each group. B. The number of polyps in Apc min/+ /Myd88 -/- mice is significantly reduced. The small intestine was divided to three equal parts, proximal, middle and distal, and polyps 3 mm in diameter were counted in 20 week old mice; P=0.0005, P=0.004 and P= by ANOVA. n=7 in each group. C. The polyps in Apc min/+ /Myd88 -/- mice are much smaller than those in Apc min/+ mice. H&E-stained sections of intestinal tumors from 20-week old APC min/+ and Apc min/+ /Myd88 -/- mice. These histological patterns represent the polyps in the distal small intestine (DSI) and the colon in Apc min/+ and Apc min/+ /Myd88 -/- mice, respectively. Scale bars, 20 m (DSI, magnification 100) or 50 m (Colon, magnification 40). The polyps observed in Apc min/+ /Lps2 were indistinguishable from those observed in Apc min/+ mice (data not shown). D. Genetic deletion of Myd88 in Apc min/+ mice significantly lowers polyp incidence in the colon. Grossly visible polyps were counted in this analysis (n=7 in each group). Each of these tumors is 3 mm in diameter. ( P=0.002, ANOVA). Mean ±s.d. E. The total number of adenomas in Apc min/+ /Myd88 -/- mice is lower than that in Apc min/+ mice. The number of adenomas (micro plus macroadenomas) in H&E sections of 4 different mice was counted with microscope. F. A representative H&E staining of distal small intestines (Swiss role) demonstrating a decrease in the number of micro- and macro-adenomas in Apc min/+ /Myd88 -/- mice. 1

3 Supplementary Fig. 1 A 1

4 B 2

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6 E F Apc min/+ Apc min/+ /Myd88 -/- 4

7 Supplementary Figure 2A Validation of commercial antibodies for c-myc RKO cells were transfected with either a control or c-myc sirna, and the total cell lysates were subjected to IB with the indicated antibodies. RKO cells were transfected with the indicated c-myc constructs, and the total cell lysates were subjected to IB with the indicated antibodies. The plasmids encoding flagc-myc WT and the mutants (S62A and T58A) were obtained from Dr. K. Nakayama (Kyushu University, Kyushu Japan). 5

8 Supplemental. Figure 2B The level of c-myc is decreased in Apc min/+ /Myd88 -/- IEC harvested from normal and tumor region. To address whether c-myc levels in Apc min/+ /Myd88 -/- IEC is decreased, the c-myc level in isolated IEC from Apc min/+ and Apc min/+ /Myd88 -/- was measured by flow cytometry. The data below indicate that c-myc level in Apc min/+ /Myd88 -/- IEC is reduced in the whole IEC population. Anti-claudin-5- Alexa fluor 488 antibody (an IEC marker) was obtained from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA). 6

9 Supplementary Figure 3A RKO cells express TLR2 and TLR9. RKO cells were harvested by using cell dissociation buffer (GIBCO) and resuspended in 1ml of DMEM at a concentration of 10 6 cells/ml. Cells were then fixed by adding 100µL of 16% PFA (for a final concentration of 1.5%) and incubated 10 min at RT. Following fixation, cells were centrifuged and resuspended in 1ml of ice-cold 100% methanol to permeabilize them (20 min at 4 o C), washed twice with 3 ml of FACS buffer (PBS/0.5%BSA/0.05%NaN 3 ) and stained in 100µL of FACS buffer for 30 min at 4 o C using the antibodies indicated and the appropriate isotype controls. The antibodies were purchased from Imgenex (San Diego, CA). Supplementary Figure 3B TLR2 activation enhances c-myc via Myd88. RKO cells were transfected with a control or MyD88 sirna, and the transfected cells were stimulated with P3C, 2 days post-transfection. Protein levels were measured by IB. Supplementary Figure 3C TLR5 activation enhances c-myc in IEC. RKO cells were stimulated with flagellin as indicated. Protein levels were measured by IB. 7

10 Supplementary Figure 3 A 8

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12 Supplementary Figure 4A TLR2 activation enhances c-myc expression and induces ERK phosphorylation in Caco-2 cells. Caco-2 cells were stimulated with P3C as indicated and the protein levels were measured by IB (the upper panel). The indicated mrna levels were measured by qrt-pcr (the lower panel). Supplementary Figure 4B TLR2 activation in Caco-2 cells suppresses ubiquitination of c-myc. Caco-2 cells were stimulated with P3C as indicated, and c- myc was immunoprecipitated and immunoblotted with anti-ubiquitin antibodies. Supplementary Figure 4C TLR2 or EGFR activation in RIE-1 cells induces ERK phosphorylation and c-myc. Cells from the non-transformed rat intestinal cell line, RIE-1, were stimulated with P3C or EGF as indicated, and the protein levels were measured by IB. 10

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