Transformable Design Methods

Transcription

1 A4824 Transformable Design Methods Matthew Davis Tech Elective Thursday 11am 1pm Avery 408

2 Design and Performance of Kinetic Facades Background Design Considerations Planning and Process Environmental Benefits Future directions March 20, 2012 June 20, 2012 September 20, 2012 December 20, 2012

3 Background Principles Facades are the building interface between indoors and outdoors, mediating: Moisture Wind Heat Views Daylight solar gain Privacy Noise These are time-based phenomena. Kinetic facades can respond to them in real-time.

4 Background Principles As the environment changes during daily or seasonal cycles, façade functions are often in conflict, e.g. Preserve views, but limit solar gain Retain heat, but let in fresh air Provide daylight but minimize glare Allow air flow but block sound waves Dynamic facades allow us to balance these conflicts in innovative ways.

5 Standardized solutions for dynamic facades Standardized solutions are based on off the shelf technology louvers venetian + roller blinds shutters Primary focus is on shading to control (light, glare, solar gain) customized according to project needs

6 History: Institut du monde arabe Architect: Jean Nouvel Completed in1987, it is the forerunner of contemporary kinetic facades 240 motor-controlled apertures designed to open and close every hour Intended to act as a brise soleil to control light entering the building This project has become, for better or worse, the iconic kinetic façade of the 20 th century.

7 Institut du monde arabe The façade has not operated for many years Possible reasons (speculative): Insufficient technology development for bespoke design Mechanical complexity (many parts) Difficulty in accessing and replacing component parts Insufficient testing prior to commissioning Unclear lines of responsibility for maintenance and upkeep Does this mean that dynamic facades are inherently unreliable?

8 New factors in dynamic facades Technology has advanced significantly since 1987, with improved: Actuators Control systems Parametric design tools New ability by industry to handle automated solutions Reliability addressed on several levels Simple design Experienced suppliers Developed technology technical systems are established prior to project cycle Testing timeline allows for cycle testing prior to installation Maintenance budget Based on these factors, a new generation of dynamic facades are now being created.

9 Custom Kinetic Facades: Kiefer Technic Showroom Architect: Giselbrecht + Partner ZT GmbH

10 Custom Kinetic Facades: Kiefer Technic Showroom Architect: Giselbrecht + Partner ZT GmbH

11 Custom Kinetic Facades: Abu Dhabi Investment Council Headquarters Architect: Aedas A solar-responsive dynamic shading screen decreases solar gain. This Mashrabiya acts as a secondary skin that mediates daylight and reduces glare.

12 Custom Kinetic Facades: Abu Dhabi Investment Council Headquarters Architect: Aedas

13 Custom Kinetic Facades: Articulated Cloud Artist: Ned Kahn

14 Custom Kinetic Facades: POLA Ginza Building Architect: Nikken Sekkei and Yasuda Atelier

15 Custom Kinetic Facades: POLA Ginza Building Architect: Nikken Sekkei and Yasuda Atelier

16 Brief environmental overview

17 Building Envelope Energy usage by season (static response)

18 Click to edit Master title style Achieving Zero Energy Buildings Click to edit Master text styles in order to meet the demanding Zero Energy Building (ZEB) performance goals windows must change their role from that of a static element to a dynamic element since performance Fourth level requirements change by hour, season, and weather conditions. Second level Third level Fifth level Source: U.S. Federal Research and Development Agenda Net Zero Energy, High Performance Buildings (2008) US Department of Energy National Science and Technology Council (NIST) US Department Of Commerce US Department of Defense

19 Adaptive Performance for the Building Envelope Permeability ventilation + thermal gain Opacity light control + solar gain Extensible Surfaces environmental barrier + adaptive space use

20 Tessellate

21 Tessellate

22 Tessellate

23 Tessellate

24 Tessellate technology Transformable screens

25 Simons Center for Geometry and Physics 2010 Architect: Perkins Eastman

26 Simons Center for Geometry and Physics 2010 Architect: Perkins Eastman

27

28 King Abdullah Financial District Portal Spas

29 Click to edit Master title style King Abdullah Financial District Portal Spas Architect: Worksbureau Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level

30 Click to edit Master title style King Abdullah Financial District Portal Spas Mockup at Zahner, Kansas City Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level

31 Click to edit Master title style King Abdullah Financial District Portal Spas Mockup at Zahner, Kansas City Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level

32 Click to edit Master title style King Abdullah Financial District Portal Spas Architect: Will Bruder + Partners Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level

33 is delivered by an adaptive layer of the building façade: adaptive performance Image credit: Skidmore, Owings & Merrill

34 Retractable surface mechanism

35 Tessellate mechanism

36

37

38 Retractable surface mechanism

39

40 Peninsula Hotel (Paris)

41 Peninsula Hotel (Paris)

42

43 Suzuki residence, Hakone Japan Transformable exterior curtains

44

45 Parametric Process: Core Geometry Shape: Planar Curved Ruled Free form Division: System: October 15, 2016

46 Parametric Process: Surface Subdivision Surface: Division: Ruled Hexagon Diamond Rectanglular System: October 15, 2016

47 Parametric Process: Adaptive System Surface: Division: System: Ruled Hexagon Linear October 15, 2016

48 Parametric Process: Surface Subdivision Surface: Division: Ruled Rectangular Hexagon System: October 15, 2016

49 Parametric Process: Adaptive System Surface: Division: System: Ruled Rectangular Grid October 15, 2016

50