John Cyganiewicz Senior Engineer / Independent Reviewer / Risk Analyst

Transcription

1 Areas of Expertise Geotechnical Engineering Dams Risk Analysis Years of Experience 38 Years Education Engineer/Civil & Environmental Engineering/1975/ University of Rhode Island Graduate Studies/University of Rhode Island; University of Colorado Denver; University of California - Berkeley Registration/Affiliations Professional Engineer Colorado ASCE ASDSO USSD Contact Information Cyganiewicz Geotechnical, LLC W Iliff Dr Lakewood, CO Home: Mobile: jcyganiewicz@comcast.net Cage No: 55A75 Overview Mr. Cyganiewicz has over 38 years of expertise in the design, construction, and risk analysis of large embankment dams, canals, and levees. He retired in 2008 from the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) following a 32 year career. During his tenure with Reclamation, his experience ranged from building some of the largest earth-rockfill dams in the US and overseas to rehabilitating a variety of embankment dams in the Western United States. He has special expertise in design and construction; dam safety upgrades for seismic and flood capacity issues; risk analysis; hydraulic asphaltic concrete; hydropower projects; dam rehabilitation; slurry wall cutoffs; landslides; seismic behavior of embankment dams; tailings dams; construction of dams; and instrumentation and performance of dams. He was a founding member of Reclamation s Risk Cadre that pioneered the development of risk analysis methodologies (including facilitation of team risk analyses) with specialty in the probability of failure from seepage and piping failure modes. He has facilitated baseline and risk reduction risk analyses for dams, canals, and levees. He has also served on many design review and advisory boards for major dams. Currently he is the owner of his company, Cyganiewicz Geotechnical, LLC that has provided independent review and risk analysis services since See the following specific sections: Summary Design Reviews/Board Participation Risk Analyses Embankment Design and Construction Methodology Document Preparation/Review Technical Presentations and Instruction Recognitions and Awards References

2 Summary Design Reviews/Board Participation Participated in numerous Independant Consultant Review Boards (CRBs) for dams, canals and levees both individually and collaboratory 8 years experience. Proficient at review and evaluation of: geologic investigations, interpretations, and reports; engineering analysis including input parameters; engineering designs, specifications, and drawings; post failure forensic investigation and evaluations; performance reports; instrumentation analyses; construction reports; first filling reports; dam safety reports; risk analysis reports; and operation and maintenance reports. Participated in various site inspections during the data gathering, design preparation, construction, and preformance review phases of projects. Prepared both individual and collaborative CRB reports of findings and client breifings. Clients included: Corps of Engineers (including Risk Management Center); Reclamation; Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC); Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA); URS; MWH; GEI; Kleinfelder; TetraTech; Schnabel; and First Energy. Risk Analysis Extensive experience (17 years) in risk analysis and risk assessment for dams, canals, and levees. Proficient in risk analysis including: facilitation of numerous risk analyses by various methodologies including full numerical, qualitative, and rapid screening and by the use of Expert Opinion Elicitation; baseline and risk reduction analyses; construction of event tree; expert risk estimating team member; development of potential failure modes for a diverse list of dam, canal, and levee types in varying geologic conditions; use of operational, seismic, and flood loadings for risk analyses; event trees; estimating probabilities of structural response for all types of loading conditions with specialized expertise in seepage and piping failure modes; estimating life loss; using economic consequences in risk analysis; consideration of uncertainty and bias during risk analyses; calculating final risk estimates including development of fn and FN diagrams; evaluating risk results within a large inventory of dams; preparing documentation of risk analyses for corrective action studies including easily understood executive summaries. Prepared and presented training seminars regarding risk analysis. Experience in risk assessment including: briefings and detailed presentations to dam safety decision makers regarding risk analysis results; development and presentation of dam safety options for decision makers; giving advice to dam safety decision makers; consideration of other factors in dam safety decision making including economic considerations, political considerations, governmental considerations, regulator considerations, programmatic considerations, societal considerations, and cultural considerations. Clients include: Corps of Engineers (including Risk Management Center); Reclamation; Federal Energy Regulatory Commission; Colorado Dept. of Wildlife; URS; MWH; TetraTech; Schnabel; First Energy; United Utilities (UK); and American Electric Power. Design and Construction Geotechnical engineer (37 years) experience in investigation, design, and performance of dams, canals, and levees. Principal Designer and Senior Engineer for three large embankment dams; numerous dam safety modifications; and canal and levee rehabilitation. Proficient in: developing geologic investigations; utilizing geologic information; geotechnical data interpretation; engineering analyses; preparation of designs, specifications, and drawings; cost estimating; Value engineering studies; review of construction; instrumentation design and data review; design briefings to management and clients; performance evaluation; leading teams; and program management. Prepared designs for: embankment dams; rockfill dams; concrete faced rockfill dams; cutoff (diaphragm) walls; seepage and stability berms; seismic and hydrologic retrofits; grouting; design for high seismic areas; and design in tropical environments. Technical Presentations and Instruction Preparation and presentation of technical seminars and briefings including: analysis, design and construction of dams with emphasis on seepage and piping; case histories of failures; performance of dams and canals; post-failure forensic investigations and evaluations; and risk analysis for dams, canals, and levees. Presentations have been made at/for the following: ASDSO; USSD; ICOLD; ANCOLD; NZSOLD; Utah State University; Southern University; Virginia Tech University; Corps of Engineers; Reclamation; FERC; FirstEnergy; Électricité de France; United Utilities (UK); and Chinese and Iraqi Engineers. Evaluations of the presentations routinely score excellent ratings. Page 2

3 Design Reviews/Board Participation Lower Bois d Arc Dam Wylie, Texas Client: Freese and Nichols/North Texas Municipal Water District Member of this Independent External Review Board for this new embankment dam. This review is focusing on all aspects of the design and eventual construction of an 11,000 foot long dam. The dam will be constructed on a clay foundation where construction pore pressures will be an issue. Embankment settlements and slope stability will also be of concern. (2014 ongoing) Seneca Pumped Storage Project Pennesylvania Client: First Energy Member of a three person Board of Consultants for this FERC regulated project. The circular (1/2 mile diameter) embankment dam has a maximum height of 115 feet and impounds approximately 6,394 acre-feet of water. Approximately 87 acres of the reservoir floor was re-lined during 2011 with Hydraulic Asphaltic Concrete to address issues with ageing and dam safety failure modes. In addition, about 10 acres was lined with a geomembrane. Potential failure modes include seepage and piping associated with alluvial deposits and jointed bedrock which form the foundation for the reservoir. Work involved review of past performance; review of engineering documents; review of details to address the various failure modes; review of specifications and drawings; review site conditions and construction activities; review of first fill following construction; and review of construction documentation. [Also see Risk Analysis section below] Project Cost $20M. ( ) American River WRDA Remaining Levee Sites Sacramento Client: Corps of Engineers/Schnabel Engineering Member of a two person Type II Independent External Peer Review (IEPR), Safety Assurance Review. This review is to concentrate on the Corps current plans to remediate various levee sites in the Sacramento, CA area. Cutoff walls are being constructed at these sites and feature difficult site conditions involving utility crossings and previous adjacent rehabilitations. Cement-Bentonite cutoff walls; jet grouting; CLSM; and embankment reconstruction techniques are being utilized. Work has involved the review of site conditions; geology; design drawings, plans and specifications; and construction activities. Project cost $30M. (2012 ongoing) Glendo Dam Wyoming Client: Reclamation/URS Member of a three person Consulting Review Board that is reviewing plans to modify three embankment dikes because of dam safety concerns. The issues being remediated include raising the dikes to provide increased flood storage capacity and concerns with potential seepage and piping. Baseline and risk reduction risk analyses have been completed and are part of the review. Project Cost $11M. (2013 ongoing) Southwest Research Institute San Antonio, Texas Provide advisory services on embankment dam issues related to design, construction, dam safety, and risk analysis. (2014 ongoing) Red Willow Dam Pick-Sloan Missouri Basin Program Nebraska Client: Reclamation/URS Member of a two person Consulting Review Board that reviewed the extensive risk analyses performed by Reclamation to address issues with seepage and piping. The embankment is approximately 127 feet high and impounds Page 3

4 approximately 31,700 acre-feet of water. Embankment settlement; cracking; potential material transport; sinkholes and voids were issues. Included in the work were the review of Corrective Action Alternative studies that were supported by Expert Opinion Elicitation Risk Reduction Analyses; review of designs and specifications; and review of construction activities. The modifications included partial embankment removal, replacement with filters, drains and geosynthetics. Project cost $17M. ( ) Isabella Dam California Client: Corps of Engineers, Sacramento District Member of a five person Consulting Board to review and evaluate the ongoing investigations and studies being conducted by the Corps to address dam safety concerns. The project consists of a 185-foot-high zoned earthfill Main Dam, and a 100-foot-high homogenous earthfill Auxiliary Dam which impound a reservoir of 568,000 acre-feet. The Board is helping to address potentially liquefiable foundation materials; potential strong earthquake shaking; potential seepage and piping failure modes; very high consequences of failure; and high risk. This dam is one of the highest risk dams in the Corps inventory (DSAC I). Project cost $500M. ( ) Folsom Dam California Client: Colorado Network Staffing/Reclamation Member of a three person Independent Review Board that is reviewing the main embankments and dikes. Issues include seepage and piping; seismic related failure modes; construction plans and specifications; and high population at risk. Reviewed plans and specifications for construction of ground improvements at the Mormon Island dike embankment. ( ) Senior level reviewer for the designs and specifications for a cutoff wall to be constructed at the site of the new spillway. The wall is intended to limit concerns with stability, seepage and piping during construction. Facilitated an Expert Elicitation Risk Analysis on the spillway cofferdam ( rock plug ) to help determine the safety issues associated with the construction. [Also see Risk Analysis section below] ( ) Addicks and Barker Dams Texas Client: Risk Management Center, Denver/ URS Member of a two to three person review team to conduct Quality Control and Consistency (QCC) reviews on these two dams owned by the Corps of Engineers. Provided detailed review and verbal and written comment on risk analysis reports for these DSAC I dams. The reviews concentrated on review of baseline risk estimates; risk reduction estimates from proposed alternatives; concept and feasibility designs; engineering drawings; cost estimates; decision summaries. Technical issues included voids beneath the conduits; sagging of the conduits; and previous remedial construction. Alternatives considered were the use of cutoff walls; remove and replacement of the conduits and spillway; and grouting. Potentially very high consequences are associated with these two dams. ( ) Quality Control and Consistency (QCC) Reviews/Corps of Engineers Client: Corps of Engineers - Risk Management Center, Denver/ URS Independent Consultant Review Board member of these three to four person team that provide review and evaluation of Issue Evaluation Reports; Dam Safety Modification Reports; Risk Analysis Reports; Corrective Action Reports; designs; cost estimates; and Dam Safety Action Decision Summary Reports for various DSAC I, II, and III dams. These reviews involve an intense, senior level review of Corps documents, preparation of a report of findings, and participation in an out brief meeting. The QCC reviews concentrate on: baseline and risk reduction analyses; geologic investigations; concept and feasibility designs; instrumentation; and performance. QCC Reviews on the following dams have been completed: Addicks (baseline; risk reduction; concept development; design development); Barker (baseline; risk reduction; concept development; design development); Clearwater; East Branch; Howard Hanson; Isabella; J. Edward Roush; Martis Creek; Mill Creek; Mohawk; Nolin River; and Whittier Narrows. ( ongoing) Page 4

5 Ashton Dam Idaho Client: URS Member of an internal URS Review Board to review final plans and specifications for a modification to this FERC regulated dam. Modifications addressed seepage and piping issues. Construction issues included difficult borrow areas; short construction season; a lake tap; and stream diversion. The modification will include the removal of a major portion of the dam and replacement with a new core, filters and drains, grouting, a new outlet works, and other features. Project Cost $18M. ( ) Comprehensive Facility Reviews (CFR) Peer Review/Mentoring Client: Reclamation/ URS & Tetra Tech Performed oversight of the CFR process conducted by URS and Tetra Tech staff. Typically this involved reviewing previous CFR information; attend the initial meeting; provide day-to-day assistance to staff in preparation of sections of the CFR report; provide peer review of all draft reports; review of risk analysis results; attend the final DSAT meeting; and review the final report. Key sections of the CFR that are involved are: Review of Analysis, Design, and Construction; Potential Failure Modes; Consequences; and Risk. ( ) Quebrada Linga Dam Peru Client: MWH Americas Completed an internal design review of all feasibility level geotechnical aspects of this new mine tailings reservoir. The main dam is to be a 1,200 foot tall concrete faced rockfill dam, making it the tallest dam on earth. The dam will feature an upstream filter and drainage system to retain the mine tailings and will include a geomembrane facing that will add additional seepage control. Other features will include a grout curtain, mass rockfill section, and a seepage collection/pump back system. (2008) Army Corps of Engineers Risk Management Center Denver Part time rehired annuitant employee of the USACE Risk Management Center. Provides on-call senior level reviews on various projects as assigned by the Corp s Risk Management Center. Projects have included: Isabella Dam California Review of on-going design work for a major retrofit of the main and auxiliary dams to address seismic related potential failure modes. The work will involve construction of large stability berms at each embankment that will include seepage control features. Enlargement of the existing spillway is also part of the project to address flood related failure modes. (2014 ongoing) Melvin Price Levee St. Louis Participation in an expert elicitation risk analysis that is studying various seepage related failure modes associated with the levees adjacent to Melvin Price Lock and Dam. Specific issues involve excessive seepage on the landside of the levee, backward erosion piping, riverine erosion on the river side of the levee, and other failure modes. (2014 ongoing) Yakima River Water Storage Study Washington Employer: Reclamation Member of the Design, Estimating, and Construction (DEC) review team, a new type of review for Reclamation. The reviews are performed early in the planning phase to see if there are fatal flaws with the design concepts that could significantly affect budgets. One of the alternatives for the Yakima Study was priced at $4.6 billion. It included the construction of a very large (800+ ft.) concrete faced rockfill dam to impound water to supplement Yakima River flows to help endangered salmon. (2008) Tule River Indian Tribe California Client: MWH Americas Page 5

6 Member of the team to visit the site of the proposed new dam that will be built to address water rights settlement issues. This work included a briefing of the Tribal Counsel on proposed involvement for this new project. (2010) A.V. Watkins Weber Basin Project, Utah Employer: Reclamation This more than 50 year old dam nearly failed by backward erosion piping in November, Designated reviewer of the designs for temporary and permanent repairs which included a cement/bentonite cutoff wall installed in about four miles of the dam. [Also see Risk Analysis section below] ( ). Dam Safety Advisory Team (DSAT) Dam Safety Office, Reclamation Served as a DSAT member for numerous projects since Reclamation began the DSAT process more than a decade ago. The DSAT was a peer review process where all significant Safety of Dams decisions were presented to the team. The review would occur once the design/analysis team prepared the supporting documentation including the draft decision document. The DSAT would review the documentation and prepare review comments advising the Dam Safety Office on the information presented. ( ) Captain Tom Dam Arizona Client: Bureau of Indian Affairs and Navajo Nation Designated design reviewer for a new central core zone embankment dam to replace the existing dam. Seepage concerns, liquefaction of foundation materials, and difficult borrow area conditions were specific issues. (2008) Ganado Dam Arizona Employer: Reclamation Designated design reviewer for a new zoned, central core embankment dam to replace this existing BIA owned dam. Seepage concerns, liquefaction of foundation materials, dispersive clay embankment materials. (1995) Round Rock Dam Arizona Employer: Reclamation Designated design reviewer for modifications to the existing dam to address seepage and piping concerns at this BIA owned dam. A seepage berm with geotextile, drainage trench and new outlet works were constructed. (1994) Assayi Dam Arizona Employer: Reclamation Designated design reviewer for modifications to the existing dam to address seepage and piping concerns for this BIA owned dam. A seepage berm, drainage trench, and a lining of the existing outlet works were constructed. (2006) Wheatfields Dam Arizona Employer: Reclamation Designated design reviewer for modifications to the existing dam to address seepage and piping concerns at this BIA owned dam. A seepage berm, replacement toe drains, and a lining of the existing outlet works were constructed. (2005) Many Farms Dam Arizona Employer: Reclamation Page 6

7 Designated design reviewer for modifications to the existing dam to address wave damage, inadequate flood storage, and piping concerns at this BIA owned dam. The dam was raised, new riprap was placed, and a new spillway and toe drain were constructed. (2001) O Neil Dam Mid-Pacific Region, California Employer: Reclamation Design reviewer of the modification to the dam to address seismic stability dam safety issues. The modification was completed to stabilize discrete portions of the embankment. Stabilizing berms, dewatering, and drainage were all features of the work. (2003) Fish Lake Dam Oregon Employer: Reclamation Designated design reviewer for this Safety of Dams modification. A flow- through rockfill berm was added to the dam to address seismic deformations. (1999) Wasco Dam Wapanitia Project, Oregon Employer: Reclamation Designated design reviewer for this Safety of Dams modification. A seepage collection berm and replacement toe drain was added to address seepage a piping issues. Slurry trench construction using revertible slurry methods were used to install the toe drain. (1999) Meeks Cabin Dam Lyman Project, Wyoming Employer: Reclamation Designated design reviewer for this Safety of Dam modification. A concrete diaphragm was constructed through this dam into the foundation to address seepage and piping concerns. (1990) Risk Analyses Risk Cadre Employer: Dam Safety Office Reclamation Founding member of this five person team that was tasked with developing Reclamation s risk methodology for dams, one of the first such efforts in the United States. The team developed the basic methodology still in use by Reclamation today. Specialized in the risk methodology for seepage and piping failure modes and developed the specific methodology for this. Facilitated numerous Expert Elicitation Risk Analyses that lasted up to four weeks in duration. These detailed analyses estimated the probability of failure by static, hydrologic, and seismic failure modes and included an estimate of the potential life loss. Provided comment to methodologies prepared by other team members. ( ) Success Dam California Client: Corps of Engineers/URS Facilitator of a risk analysis for Success Dam in California. The risk analysis is being conducted using expert elicitation to determine estimates of risk from a team of senior engineers and geologists. The analysis has focused on earthquake, internal erosion, and hydrologic failure modes. The site is located in a strong seismic area and is underlain by alluvial deposits that have liquefaction concerns. Under-seepage has been an issue since the dam was first filled. Previous rehabilitations and extensive site investigations have been conducted along with state-of-the-practice numerical analyses all of which had to be included in considerations by the risk estimators. Potentially high life loss was also a key issue in the risk analysis. ( ) Page 7

8 Joe Pool Dam Texas Client: Corps of Engineers/ Schnabel Engineering Facilitated a Potential Failure Mode Analysis & Risk Assessment for activities associated with shale gas development. The project involves determining potential failure modes associated with deep drilling, potential blowout, fraking, waste injection, and extraction of gas around and under Joe Pool Dam and reservoir. Risk estimates were determined by an Expert Opinion Elicitation from a senior panel comprised of geologists, geotechnical engineers, geomechanical engineers, and drilling experts. Analysis techniques utilized a detailed numerical risk analysis; event tree construction; uncertainty; case history evaluation. Detailed risk reports were prepared. ( ) Screening Level Risk Analysis Colorado Client: Colorado Department of Wildlife/TetraTech Engineering Facilitated a screening level risk analysis for 36 CDW dams located throughout Colorado performed in rapid fashion in order to keep the budget down. The risk analysis features the use of the semi-quantitative risk methodology from the USBR/USACE Best Practices procedures. The analysis focused on the risk from a life loss perspective along with other consequences such as loss of water rights, loss of recreational benefits, and loss of cultural resources. The project also includes training for CDW staff in the risk analysis process. (2013 ongoing) Smith Mountain Hydro Power Virginia Client: American Electric Power/ MWH Americas Facilitated a multi-disciplined Expert Elicitation Risk Analysis on this 235 foot high thin concrete arch dam and power plant. The analysis concentrated on the risks associated with rapid closure of various features of the power plant that could result in rupture of the penstocks or failure of other features any of which might result in sudden release of reservoir water. The risk analysis was conducted using semi-quantitative risk methodology. Included in the analysis was an evaluation of consequences associated with potential life loss and economic impacts to the owner. (2011) Morganza to the Gulf of Mexico Levee Risk Analysis Louisiana Client: Corps of Engineers/Schnabel Engineering Facilitated an Expert Opinion Elicitation Risk Analysis to help determine the design flood level for this proposed new system of levees. This project is being proposed to protect towns and other infrastructure in areas south of New Orleans, LA. Risk reduction afforded by the proposed levee system that would be designed according to either the Corps HSDRRS or site specific HSDRRS criteria. The study is one of the first full quantitative, expert opinion elicitation risk analyses conducted on a Corps levee system. The proposed project will have to contend with soft ground construction, in-water construction, low strength embankment and foundation materials, and long term settlement issues all of which is being considered in the risk analysis. It could cost approximately $10 Billion and would take decades to build. ( ) Antero Reservoir Colorado Client: Denver Water One of four experts that provided probability estimates for a quantitative risk analysis of this dam. The reservoir is located in the South Park area of Colorado and is an integral part of Denver Water Department s water supply system. The project involved a detailed site visit and an extensive review of existing documents for the project that included design, geology, instrumentation, performance, and construction reports. The reservoir has had significant underseepage issues since it was first constructed and these issues proved to be a main focus of the risk analysis. Understanding the complex geologic conditions at the site was a vital part of the risk analysis. The analysis was conducted in accordance with the Bureau of Reclamation s risk analysis methodology. The analysis resulted in a full numerical risk estimate that was then to be used by Denver Water to consider changing operating procedures for the reservoir. (2011) Page 8

9 Truckee Canal Failure Newlands Project, Nevada Client: Reclamation A failure of Reclamation s Truckee Canal occurred on January 5, 2008 causing flooding of more than 500 homes in the town of Fernley, Nevada. Facilitated five Expert Elicitation Risk Analyses that provided input to the decisions regarding refilling of the canal; operations; and extent and type of repairs. These risk analyses were some of the first performed on a Reclamation canal system. As part of the analysis, new methodology was developed to address specific issues associated with canals. ( ) Upper Rivington Dam, Risk Analysis United Kingdom - Client: United Utilities (UK) & MWH Americas Facilitated an Expert Elicitation Risk Analysis for this 152 year old puddle core (Pennine Type) dam. In 2002, an incident occurred that indicated piping into the masonry conduit was underway. Since then, a filter berm has been designed that will address seepage and piping concerns. The risk analysis was conducted to determine if planned upgrades would lower risk to tolerable levels. During the study, all potential piping failure modes were identified, a baseline risk estimate was made and a risk reduction analysis was conducted to determine if planned modifications would lower the risk to tolerable levels. New failure modes were identified during the analysis that may alter the planned modifications. Co-author of a technical paper on this work that won the 2010 British Dam Society Bateman Prize. ( ) Seneca Pumped Storage Project Pennesylvania - Client: First Energy Facilitated an Expert Elicitation Risk Analysis to determine the risk of Seepage and Piping, embankment settlement, and misoperation failure modes. Smi-quantitative risk analysis methodology was employed. Previous PFMA studies were expanded upon and new Potential Failure Modes were analyzed. Part of the risk analysis was the risk reduction that will be realized following completion of planned repairs. [Also see Review section above] ( ) Lewisville Dam Texas Client: Corps of Engineers/URS Facilitated an Expert Elicitation Risk Analysis for this large embankment dam. The work involved a site inspection targeting Potential Failure Modes and the estimation of the Probability of Failure. The full quantitative risk methodology was employed. Issues include potential seepage and piping; potential strength softening of embankment and foundation materials leading to stability concerns; and a large population at risk. ( ) A-Canal Risk Analysis Client: CNS/Reclamation Facilitated start up co-ordination for this Expert Elicitation Risk Analysis. This nearly 100 year old canal in Klamath Falls, OR was to be analyzed. Work involved reviewing initial plans for the risk analysis including team membership, site inspection of the canal, and meeting logistics. (2011) Ball Mountain Dam Vermont Client: Corps of Engineers/ ATA and URS Facilitated a Potential Failure Modes Analysis (PFMA) and two Expert Elicitation Risk Analyses on this project. The work involved a site inspection; development of a PFMA; and a detailed risk analysis by both the Piping Toolbox and by Expert Elicitation techniques. Seepage, piping; embankment settlement; and embankment stability were primary concerns at this dam. Reviewed final reports prepared by the Corps. ( ) Page 9

10 A.V. Watkins Weber Basin Project, Utah Employer: Reclamation This more than 50 year old dam nearly failed by backward erosion piping in November, Facilitated an Expert Elicitation Risk Analysis regarding the accident and facilitated risk reduction analyses regarding temporary and permanent repairs. [Also see Review section above] ( ) Folsom Dam Central Valley Project, California Employer/Client: Reclamation Participated in and facilitated an Expert Elicitation Risk Analysis for seepage and piping issues at the main embankment, select dikes, and the risk reduction analysis for the repair alternatives. Questionable construction practices and very high potential life loss were issues. (2006) Also facilitated, under contract, an Expert Elicitation Risk Analysis to address concerns with risk during construction of the massive spillway and other features. Issues included the construction schedule, unknown geologic conditions, and very high potential life loss. [Also see Review section above] ( ) New Melones Dam Central Valley Project, California Employer: Reclamation Participated in and facilitated the Expert Elicitation Risk Analysis for seepage and piping issues for this 625 foot tall rockfill dam with a volume of 15.7 M yd 3 of material. The dams impounds 2.4 million acre feet of water, California s fourth largest lake. A list of Potential Failure Modes was developed, screened, and remaining ones were analyzed by the quantitative risk methodology. Very high potential life loss in the event of failure was a key issue. (2007) Horsetooth Dam Colorado Big Thompson Project Employer: Reclamation Facilitated this long and difficult Expert Elicitation Risk Analysis. Issues associated with recurring sinkholes within the reservoir were addressed in the analysis along with other potential failure modes. A very large Population at Risk resides below the dam and dikes. A risk reduction analysis was also conducted to determine which remedial alternatives would adequately lower the risk. ( ) Pineview Dam Ogden River Project, Utah Employer: Reclamation Facilitated an Expert Elicitation Risk Analysis on this zoned embankment dam. Issues included potentially very high seismic ground motions, poor foundation and embankment conditions, and a very high population at risk. This risk analysis developed the basic methodology for performing a seismic risk analysis for an embankment dam and the methodology is essentially still in use today by Reclamation. (2000) Salton Sea Salton Sea Project, California Employer: Reclamation Facilitated an Expert Elicitation Risk Analysis of the feasibility designs for a dam to be constructed underwater across the Sea to help isolate less saline water. This included technical briefings of the risk analysis findings for the site developers. Significant construction and environmental issues were a concern. (2005) Helena Valley Dam Pick-Loan Missouri Basin Program, Montana Employer: Reclamation Page 10

11 Risk Estimating Team Member for the Expert Elicitation Risk Analysis to determine if alternatives to address seismic concerns were adequate. (2005) Glendo Dam North Platte Project, Wyoming Employer: Reclamation Facilitated an Expert Elicitation Risk Analysis to address potential issues regarding plans for raising of the dam and dikes. Extensive seepage; uplift conditions; problematic drainage facilitates were of concern. (2007) Comprehensive Facility Reviews (CFR) Employer: Dam Safety Office Reclamation These page reports feature a complete review of the embankment dam and are prepared every six years. As senior engineer, responsibilities included the preparation of chapters on the Evaluation of Analysis, Design, and Construction; Potential Failure Modes; Consequences; Risk Analysis; and Report of Findings. Also reviewed chapters prepared by others. Dam Safety inspections were conducted for each CFR. Completed CFR s included: Blue Mesa Dam, Buckhorn Dam, Bumping Lake Dam, El Vado Dam, Lemon Dam, McKay Dam, McPhee Dam, Joe s Valley Dam, Ridgeway Dam, San Justo Dam, Spring Creek Dam, Tieton Dam, Horseshoe Dam, Davis Dam, and Wasco Dam. Design and Construction Ridges Basin Dam Animas-LaPlata Project, Colorado Employer: Reclamation Principal designer for this 273 foot high, 5.2 M yd 3 central core embankment dam - Reclamation s newest dam completed in Project leader of the design team that included more than 40 engineers, scientists, and technicians in all pertinent specialty areas (mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, structural, hydrologic). Senior geotechnical engineer in charge of all geotechnical analyses, designs, grouting design, drawings, construction specifications, designer oversight of construction activities, first fill requirements, and performance monitoring. Coordinated the independent external review board meetings. Developed and maintained budgets and schedules for all facets of design. Designer s representative to all Partnering and Project Management Team meetings that consisted of members from local water boards, Ute Mountain, and Southern Ute Indian Tribes. Prepared or peer reviewed Geotechnical Design Technical Memorandums, Design Summary, Decision Documents, Risk Analyses, Consultant Board Accountability Reports, project correspondence, Designers Operating Criteria, and the Initial Filling Criteria. This dam was constructed by the Weeminuche Construction Authority of the Ute Mountain Ute Indian Tribe, under Public Law 638 (Indian Self Determination). Total cost of the project was approximately $500M. ( ) While under contract, reviewed and edited the Design Summary and provided technical assistance to the design team during the final Independent Review Board meeting. ( ) Batu Dam Malaysia Employer: Reclamation/ Department of Irrigation and Drainage Principal designer for this 100 foot high, 1M yd 3 central core embankment dam. Project leader for all design aspects. Tropical construction conditions were an issue. Project leader of the design team that included more than 30 engineers, scientists, and technicians in all pertinent specialty areas (mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, structural, hydrologic). Senior geotechnical engineer in charge of all geotechnical analyses, designs, grouting design, drawings, construction specifications, designer oversight of construction activities, first fill requirements, and performance monitoring. Developed and maintained budgets and schedules for all facets of design. Prepared or Peer Reviewed Geotechnical Design Technical Memorandums, the Design Summary, Decision Documents, project correspondence, the Designers Page 11

12 Operating Criteria, and the Initial Filling Criteria. This dam was designed under a cooperative agreement between Reclamation and this Malaysian governmental department. ( ) Truckee Canal Failure Newlands Project, Nevada Employer: Reclamation Lead Geotechnical Engineer for Reclamation efforts after this January 5, 2008 failure that flooded 590 homes in the town of Fernley, Nevada. Designed site investigations and laboratory testing to help determine the cause of the failure; designed the repair of the breached section of the canal; and prepared Reclamation s investigation report of the failure. Interviewed members of the irrigation district and others regarding the failure. Designated reviewer of the repair designs related to seepage and piping concerns. (2008) San Justo Dam San Felipe Project, California Employer: Reclamation Principal designer for this 100 foot high, 1M yd 3 central core embankment dam. Located only 9,000 feet from the San Andreas Fault, potential high earthquake ground motions were an issue. The project included the main dam embankment; a smaller embankment dike; and geomembrane lining of significant portions of the reservoir to limit seepage. Project leader of the design team that included more than 30 engineers, scientists, and technicians in all pertinent specialty areas (mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, structural, hydrologic). Senior geotechnical engineer in charge of all geotechnical analyses, designs, drawings, construction specifications, designer oversight of construction activities, first fill requirements, and performance monitoring. Coordinated the independent external review board meetings. Developed and maintained budgets and schedules for all facets of design. Prepared or Peer Reviewed Geotechnical Design Technical Memorandums, the Design Summary, Decision Documents, project correspondence, the Designers Operating Criteria, and the Initial Filling Criteria. Monitored performance of the project during and following first fill. ( ) Starvation Dam Central Utah Project, Utah Employer: Reclamation Principal Designer for the remedial grouting program of the left abutment of the dam that addressed dam safety concerns regarding increasing seepage. Project leader for all design aspects. Prepared construction specifications, design drawings, technical memorandums. Provided design oversight during construction. (1979) Helena Valley Dam Pick-Loan Missouri Basin Program, Montana Employer: Reclamation Principal Designer for the designs of a seepage berm with high capacity seepage elements & relief wells to address high artesian pressures in the foundation and to provide additional stability during earthquake events that include potential fault movements beneath the embankment. (1979) Glendo Dam North Platte Project, Wyoming Employer: Reclamation Principal Designer for the design of seepage and drainage berms to address excessive leakage at the toes of the three dikes that help form the reservoir. (1988) Fontenelle Dam Seeedskadee Project, Wyoming Employer: Reclamation Principal Designer for the deep cutoff wall constructed to address increasing seepage and hydraulic water pressure concerns. A concrete cutoff wall was constructed by panel excavation techniques using a rockmill through the existing dam to a depth of about 120 feet. Prepared design drawings and construction specifications; Technical Proposal Page 12

13 Evaluation Committee member; design oversight during construction; and post construction performance monitoring. Coordinated the independent external review board meetings. ( ) Twin Buttes Dam San Angelo Project, Texas Employer: Reclamation Designed the relief well and collection system at the dam toe to address high seepage and artesian pressures. Designated design reviewer for the four mile long Soil-Cement-Bentonite cutoff wall constructed at the dam toe to further address under seepage concerns. (1999) Clark Canyon Dam Montana Employer: Reclamation Emergency response regarding new seepage and embankment sinkholes during a flood event. On-the-ground geotechnical engineer responsible for monitoring events followed by design of a seepage collection berm and toe drain replacement. Coordinated Reclamation s technical response to an application for installation of a power plant at the dam. (1984) Methodology Document Preparation/Review Engineer in Charge, Seepage and Piping Risk Analysis Toolbox Employer: Corps of Engineers and Bureau of Reclamation Led the Reclamation team working with Emeritus Professor Robin Fell, Dr. Mark Foster, Corps of Engineers (Corps) and URS in the development of a new Seepage and Piping Toolbox for dams. This is the first risk toolbox to be developed and used jointly by the Corps and Reclamation in risk assessments of their large inventory of major dams. The toolbox provides methodology to estimate the probability of failure from seepage and piping for embankment dams. It addresses nearly all of the piping failure modes that could happen and provides a scripted approach to estimate the probability of failure from these failure modes. The outputs from the toolbox can be combined with estimates of consequences to determine the overall risk from seepage and piping. ( ) Engineer in Charge, Seepage and Piping Risk Analysis Toolbox for Levee s Employer: Corps of Engineers and Bureau of Reclamation Led the Reclamation team working with Emeritus Professor Robin Fell, Dr. Mark Foster, Corps of Engineers (Corps) and URS in the development of a new Seepage and Piping Toolbox for levees. The toolbox was intended to provide methodology to estimate the probability of failure from seepage and piping for levees. While the funding for the project was cut prior to completion, much of the basics of the toolbox were completed. These included an outline of the entire toolbox, initial data set for failure modes, case histories, and other important portions of the toolbox. Field trips to various levee sites were conducted to determine what considerations would need to be addressed. Included in the inspection was a visit to the Buck Shoot site on the Mississippi River Levee system, one of the Corps most problematic sites. ( ) Conduits through Embankment Dams, Best Practices for Design, Construction, Problem Identification and Evaluation, Inspection, Maintenance, Renovation, and Repair Employer: Reclamation FEMA Publication #424, September, Contributing author for geotechnical portions of this ground breaking document that has helped define the industries best practice for conduits through embankment dams. (2004) ICOLD Bulletin Internal Erosion of Dams, Dikes and Their Foundations Page 13

14 Provided comments on initial drafts of this new ICOLD document. The bulletin will review the state-of-the-practice for internal erosion of dams and provide guidance on conducting risk analysis for related failure modes. (2011) Risk Analysis Guidance Document United Kingdom Client: MWH and United Utilities Peer review of a guidance document that is a companion to the Piping Toolbox that assists in conducting risk related workshops to determine the Probability of Failure for Seepage and Piping. The toolbox and guidance document are currently being used by United Utilities to analyze the risk of seepage and piping failure modes. ( ) Filters for Embankment Dams Best Practice for Design and Construction (Published October, 2011) Member of the Review Panel for this new, FEMA sponsored document. This document reviews most available information on the design and construction of filters for embankment dams and provides guidance on the best practice. (2010) Levee Certification Engineering Circular (EC) Client: Corps of Engineers, Sacramento District As a member of the Independent Technical Review (ITR) board, a review of EC USACE Process for the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) Levee System Evaluation that will formalize the engineering guidelines to be used when certifying levees. Comments on the draft EC were prepared and submitted regarding geotechnical and risk issues. (2008) Levee I-Wall Engineering Circular Client: Corps of Engineers/Reclamation Member of the Independent Technical Review (ITR) panel for this revision to the Corps manual EC No Following the lessons learned after the levee breaks in New Orleans, Louisiana caused by hurricane Katrina the Corps prepared a revision to their original manual. The ITR was tasked with the review and comment of the revision. (2007) Geotextiles in Embankment Dams, Status Report on the Use of Geotextiles in Embankment Dam Construction and Rehabilitation, FEMA Manual (Published April 2008) Employer: Reclamation Senior Peer Reviewer of this document intended to summarize the current state of practice for the design and construction of geotextiles in dams. (2006) Managerial Design Manager Employer: Reclamation Manager of Geotechnical Engineering Group #1 of the Technical Service Center of Reclamation s Denver Office. Responsible for personnel actions, technical oversight of work products, scheduling of workload, and oversight of budgets for this fifteen person group of engineers, scientists and clerical staff. ( ) ACER Project Manager Technical Service Center, Denver Employer: Reclamation Provided liaison services between Reclamation s Mid-Pacific (MP) Regional Office and its Denver Office. Monitored project budgets and schedules for all work with the MP Office. Facilitated issues regarding budgets and schedules Page 14

15 between the two offices, attended project reviews of all work in the MP region, and attended consultant review briefings on certain projects. ( ) Technical Presentations and Instruction Dam Failures and Lessons Learned. Instructor for portions of this technical training seminar being sponsored by ASDSO and FEMA. This three day course is being given throughout the United States. Focus of the presentations was on definition of terms; statistics of failure categories; case histories for various types of dam failures; risk analysis; and design measures to address major seepage issues. (2011 ongoing) Seepage through Earth Dams. Development and Instructor for portions of this new ASDSO Technical Seminar. Seminar topics will include: Permeability; Seepage Analysis; On Site Seepage Evaluation; Seepage Control Design; Seepage Control Methods; Seepage Monitoring; Case Studies and Examples. (2013 ongoing) Development of a Unified Method for Estimating Probabilities of Failure of Embankment Dams By Internal Erosion and Piping, USSD, Portland, OR. Invited speaker during this five day meeting A Unified Method for Estimating Probabilities of Failure of Embankment Dams by Internal Erosion and Piping, NZSOLD, Queenstown, New Zealand, November. Invited speaker during this five day meeting Design and Construction of Ridges Basin Dam, ANCOLD, Sydney, Australia, November. Invited speaker for this five day meeting Development of a Unified Method for Estimating Probabilities of Failure of Embankment Dams by Internal Erosion and Piping, ASDSO 2007 Conference, Austin, Texas. Invited speaker for this three day meeting. September Best Speaker Recognition PFMA Workshop, Denver, CO, Co-trainer at this FERC sponsored workshop. Presentations were made focusing on seepage and piping issues with embankment dams and risk analysis Seepage Control for Embankment Dams the Design and Construction Perspective, USSD Workshop, Durango, CO. Organizer and Instructor for this workshop. Focus was on specific design measures that can be included in the design or rehabilitation of an embankment dam for seepage control. Also included in the workshop was a site visit to Ridges Basin Dam that was under construction at the time. (October 2005) Bureau of Reclamation Experience with Evaluating Internal Erosion of Embankment Dams, Électricité de France Symposium on Internal Erosion and Piping for Embankment Dams, Aussois, France. Invited speaker to present this paper and participate in this prestigious meeting of leading international experts in the field of seepage and piping. The focus of the symposium was on state-of-the-art seepage and piping issues with dams including state-of-the-art laboratory testing, evaluation of seepage related failure modes, investigations, and risk analysis. April, 2004 Issues, Solutions and Research Needs Related to Seepage through Embankment Dams, ASDSO/FEMA Specialty Workshop, Denver, CO. October 17-19, 2000 Risk Assessment for Dams, ASDSO/FEMA Specialty Workshop, Logan, Utah. Invited speaker to present this paper that focused on emerging risk analysis techniques being developed at Reclamation. March 7-9, 2000 Conduits through Embankment Dams, FEMA Specialty Workshop, Blacksburg, Virginia. This workshop gathered leading experts in the field of design and evaluation of conduits through embankment dams. Focus was on appropriate design measures; investigative tools; and potential failure modes analysis Piping Associated with Conduits through Embankment Dams, FEMA sponsored Workshop, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. December, 1998 Page 15