LESTARI-UKM: Collaborative Research on Climate Change

Transcription

1 Workshop on Environmental Science Research Field Study Department of Environmental Science, Royal University of Phnom Penh and The United Nations University 25 July 2009 Royal University of Phnom Penh, Cambodia LESTARI-UKM: Collaborative Research on Climate Change 25 July 2009 Tan Ching Tiong Research Officer, Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Institute (SEADPRI) PhD Candidate, Institute for Environment & Development (LESTARI) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

2 Presentation Outline 1. Climate Change Responses in Malaysia 2. Climate Change Activities in UKM and LESTARI 3. Policy Study on Climate Change: Stakeholder Consultation Approach 4. Potential Collaboration for Regional Research 2

3 Climate Change Responses in Malaysia 3

4 Climate Scenarios: Malaysia (National Level) Past records: Temperature records : warming trend C per decade Rise in sea level over : < +1.3 mm/year (based on 2 pilot sites in Peninsular Malaysia) Possible climatic change in Peninsular Malaysia by : Temperature rise 2 0 C More extreme hydrological conditions Higher maximum rainfall; Lower minimum rainfall. Higher high riverflow; Lower low riverflow. Source: NAHRIM (2006) 4

5 Climate Scenarios: Malaysia (State Level) Climate Factor Projected Change * in Maximum Monthly Value North West Region North East Region Central Region Southern Region Rainfall % % % % Temperature C C C C Source: NAHRIM (2006) Projected change* in monthly river flows: Mean flow no significant change except increases in Kelantan and Pahang Maximum flows and minimum flows Magnified hydrologic extremes in Kelantan, Terengganu and Pahang (higher high flow, lower low flow) * Difference = Average & minus Average

6 Need for Policy Response on CC Physical manifestation of climate change and extreme weather International socio-political obligations Climate change cross-sectoral in nature, involves more than environmental issues, also affects economic growth and human well-being Climate change transcends all levels, sectors, stakeholders and major groups Climate change measures need to be mainstreamed into development plans 6

7 Malaysia s CC Responses Ratified UNFCCC on 13 July 1994 National Steering Committee on Climate Change was established in 1994 To guide national responses on climate change UNFCCC commitment Submitted Initial National Communication (INC) in 2000 Second National Communication (NC2) Current Policy Scenario Cabinet Committee on Climate Change in January 2008 (chaired by Prime Minister) Formulation of a National Policy on Climate Change 7

8 Ninth Malaysia Plan (RMK9) Highlight of Climate Change Programmes ADAPTATION Conduct Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) study; Implement coastline protection programme; Develop Integrated Coastal Zone Management; Implement flood mitigation programme such as the Stormwater Management And Road Tunnel (SMART) Project; Undertake study to identify the relationship between the impacts of climate change and vector-borne diseases. MITIGATION Increase supply and utilisation of alternative fuel such as renewable energy (RE); By 2010 about 300 MW of RE is expected to be generated and connected to the TNB Grid in Peninsular Malaysia and 50 MW to SESB Grid in Sabah; RE projects utilising municipal waste will be promoted; The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) under the Kyoto Protocol will be utilised to provide support for the implementation of Small Renewable Energy Programme (SREP); Supply to 55,000 unit of houses electricity generated from technologies such as hybrid solar system and micro-hidro; Encourage energy efficiency in industrial, building and transport sectors; Protect forest areas via sustainable forest management to ensure the forest areas are maintained as sink to greenhouse gas, i.e. Carbon dioxide. 8

9 Ministry of Natural Resources & Environment Climate Change Related Activities United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) / Global Environment Facility (GEF): National Capacity Self Assessment (NCSA) Project Second National Communication (NC2) Project GEF Resource Allocation Framework 4 (GEF-RAF4) Ninth Malaysia Plan (RMK9) Policy Study on Climate Change (LESTARI-UKM) Preparation of GHG Inventory Energy & Industrial Processes (PTM) Comparative Study on Carbon Sequestration (FRIM) Development of CDM Secretariat (PTM, FRIM, MARDI) Public Awareness and Training Programmes (TrREES, MNS, CETDEM, UPM) 9

10 Climate Change Activities in UKM and LESTARI 10

11 Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM (National University of Malaysia) Since 18 May 1970 F. Engineering F. Education F. Economics & Business F. Medicine F. Law Chief Librarian F. Allied Health Science F. Information Science & Technology F. Dentistry ATMA F. Science & Technology F. Pharmacy F. Social Sciences & Humanities F. Islamic Studies Centre for Graduate Management Centre for General Studies Deputy VC (Academic & International Affairs) Registrar Centre for Academic Advancement Centre for Co-curricular Deputy VC (Students & Alumni Affairs) SEADPRI Deputy VC (Research & Innovation Affairs) VC FUEL CELL INST. WEST ASEAN REGION STUDIES Deputy VC (Industry & Community Relations) INST. OF ETHNIC STUDIES SERI ISLAM HADHARI Bursar INBIOSIS IGH (UNU) IKON ANGKASA IKMAS IMEN UMBI LESTARI Faculty : 12 Research Institutes : 15 Centre : 7 (4 Academic Centres) 11

12 UKM: Research Niche UKM one of four research universities based on performance. Research institutes are established to support multidisciplinary research and niche areas. Niche areas: National Identity, Multiculturalism and Globalization Regional Sustainable Development Renewable energy Medical and Health Technology Climate Change Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials 12

13 Climate Change Research Niche Objectives: To steer the development of climate change knowledge for sustainability. To enhance capacity of academicians and researchers in climate change research. To understand the adaptive capacity of ecosystems and enhance human resilience to climate change. To compliment national and global climate change initiatives by strengthening research collaborations 13

14 Climate Change Research Niche Research Thrusts & Areas Policy Responses and Adaptation Planning and vulnerability assessment for climatic hazards Socio-economic impacts of health and climate change Balancing of adaptation and mitigation Tropical Climate Change Atmosphere, sea & climate Ecosystems Impacts and adaptation Livability and climate change for ethical living Livability (local mitigation for ethical living) Cleaner technology Socio-cultural and ethical living 14

15 Behavioural & Public Health Responses Faculty of Social Sciences & Humanities Faculty of Education Faculty of Medicine Faculty of Allied Health Science UKM: R&D on Climate Change Policy & Planning Responses (including economic instruments) Faculty of Science & Technology (FST) IKLIM/FST SEADPRI/LESTARI Local Physical & Biological Responses LESTARI Faculty of Economy & Business Climate Change Adaptation & Mitigation Technology Responses Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI) Fuel-Cell Institute Faculty of Engineering 15

16 Climate Change National Initiatives & UKM s R&D NATIONAL LEVEL (2nd National Communication) GHG Inventory (FRIM) Mitigation (PTM) Vulnerability & Adaptation (NAHRIM) Energy & Industrial Processes (PTM) Agriculture (MARDI) LULUCF (FRIM) Waste (DOE/KPKT) Agriculture (MARDI) Forestry (JPSM) Biodiversity (FRIM) Energy (PTM) Water Resources (NAHRIM) Coastal & Marine (DID) Public Health (IMR) Climate Projection (NAHRIM) Socio-economic Impacts & Responses (LESTARI) Financing Mitigation aaa Technology Adaptation UKM LEVEL (Ongoing R&D) Policy & Planning Responses (incl. economic instruments) LESTARI Faculty of Economy & Business Local Physical & Biological Responses Faculty of Science & Technology (FST) IKLIM/FST SEADPRI/LESTARI Technology Responses Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI) Fuel-Cell Institute Faculty of Engineering Behavioural Responses Faculty of Social Sciences & Humanities Faculty of Education Faculty of Medicine Faculty of Allied Health Science 16

17 About LESTARI The Institute for Environment & Development (LESTARI) Established on 1 October 1994 Vision: Mission: LESTARI aims at being a centre of excellence in research and training on matters pertaining to environment and development in Malaysia and the Asia Pacific As a focal point, conducting multi-disciplinary and integrated research in balancing trade-offs between environment and development. As a primary mover in influencing policy, build capacity to meet the aspirations of sustainable development. As a reference point, addressing issues pertaining to sustainability in development 17

18 LESTARI Research Programmes Integrated and Holistic Approach SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Cross Sectoral Sectoral Core Groups Sustainability Science Sustainability Governance Environmental Sustainability and Natural Resources Social and Community Well-Being Economic and Industrial Sustainability Geological Heritage of Malaysia Ecosystem Studies MMERI Sustainability Assessment Urban Ecosystems Sustainability Community Well-being MyNICHE MyCLIMATE Environmental Hazards Environmental Economics NatROCK 18

19 Malaysian Network for Research on Climate, Environment & Development (MyCLIMATE) Objectives: Consolidate R&D partnerships within UKM Strengthen linkages with government agencies, private sector, NGOs/CBOs and selected universities Complement national agencies and conduct R&D that is policy relevant Current research activities: Policy Study on Climate Change [National] Assessment of Socio-Economic Impacts and Responses, Vulnerability & Adaptation Working Group of the Second National Communication Project [National] APN-CAPaBLE Programme: Strengthening Capacity for Policy Research on Mainstreaming Adaptation to Climate Change in Agriculture and Water Sectors [Regional/National] 19

20 Policy Study on Climate Change: Approach & Outputs INPUTS CRITICAL REVIEW Post-2012 Responses Elements of the UNFCCC / KP OPP3 / RMK9 / Relevant National Policies / M-INC State Policies & Planning Processes Specialised Studies COMPARATIVE STUDY Selected NCs Selected National Policies / Strategies from Other Countries OUTPUTS NATIONAL POSITION AT UNFCCC / KP NATIONAL POLICY STRATEGIES & ACTIONS STAKEHOLDER VIEWPOINTS Surveys/Interviews National/Regional/Other Meetings RMK9 CC Projects NC2 NCSA STATE POLICY & ACTION PLANS 20

21 Socio-Economic NC2 Impacts & GHG Inventory Vulnerability & Adaptation Mitigation Responses Support Group Climate Projection 7 Sectoral Groups (SEIR-SG) SEIR-SG (LESTARI-UKM) Agriculture (MARDI & LESTARI, UKM) Biodiversity (FRIM) Forestry (JPSM) Water Resources (NAHRIM & UPM) Public Health (IMR, IHM & FSSK, UKM) Energy (PTM & FEP, UKM) Marine & Coastal Resources (JPS & LESTARI, UKM, UPM) 21

22 CAPaBLE Programme on CC Impacts, Adaptation & Vulnerability Strengthening capacity for policy research on mainstreaming adaptation to climate change in agriculture and water sectors 3 years; Project aims: strengthen research capacity on mainstreaming climate change adaptation concerns into agricultural and water policies. create a consortium for adaptation policy research in Asia Collaborating institutions: Malaysia: UKM-LESTARI/SEADPRI (Proponent) Japan: Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (Collaborator/Mentor) Vietnam: Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology & Environment (Collaborator) India: MS Swaminathan Research Foundation (Collaborator) 22

23 Development of National Policy on Climate Change in Malaysia: The Approach of Stakeholder Consultation 23

24 BACKGROUND Policy Study on Climate Change ( ), Ninth Malaysia Plan To develop a national policy and strategies on climate change in fostering sustainable development in Malaysia to meet the needs of the country and respond to the UNFCCC 24

25 Research Team Conservation and Environmental Management Division, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Dr. Lian Kok Fei (Undersecretary) Chong Poon Chai (Deputy Undersecretary) Shahril Faizal Abdul Jani (Principal Assistant Secretary) Maximilian T. Conrad (Assistant Secretary) Siti Khadijah Abdul Ghani (Assistant Secretary) Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Project Leader Prof. Dr. Joy Jacqueline Pereira Researchers Prof. Dr. Mazlin Mokhtar; Prof. Dato Dr. Ibrahim Komoo; Raja Datuk Zaharaton Raja Zainal Abidin; Datin Paduka Dr. Halimaton Saadiah Hashim; Dato Shaharuddin Mohamad Ismail; Prof. Chamhuri Siwar; Assoc. Prof. Dr. Abdul Hamid Jaafar; Dr. Er Ah Choy; Sarah Aziz Abdul Ghani Aziz Manager Tan Ching Tiong Research Assistants Koh Fui Pin; Nur Azrina Azhar; Zaiwana Ngojar, Mohd. Khairul Zain Ismail 25

26 Approach & Outputs INPUTS CRITICAL REVIEW Post-2012 Responses Elements of the UNFCCC / KP OPP3 / RMK9 / Relevant National Policies / M-INC State Policies & Planning Processes Specialised Studies COMPARATIVE STUDY Selected NCs Selected National Policies / Strategies from Other Countries STAKEHOLDER VIEWPOINTS Surveys/Interviews National/Regional/Other Meetings RMK9 CC Projects NC-2 NCSA OUTPUTS NATIONAL POSITION AT UNFCCC / KP NATIONAL POLICY STRATEGIES & ACTIONS STATE POLICY & ACTION PLANS 26

27 Approach of Consultation Phase 1 ( ) to understand & document viewpoints: identified key issues of concern and compiled ideas and recommendations expressed by stakeholders in different past meetings Phase 2 ( ) to inform on policy formulation & solicit inputs: presented the approach of policy formulation and preliminary results Phase 3 (2008) to review policy framework & solicit viewpoints presented the proposed policy framework to obtain direct feedback and solicited inputs in formulating key actions Phase 4 (2008) to review draft policy & key actions scrutinised and refined the draft policy 27

28 Stakeholder Consultation (Phase 1) Approach No. of event 11 Indirect (reviews of conference proceedings) Types of event Project specific preparatory/inception & consultative meetings. Capacity building initiatives. Awareness raising, and sharing of information and experience. Level & number of stakeholders National and state (~1150) Outcomes Acknowledged usefulness of national reporting to the UNFCCC in formulating future climate change policy. Recognised shortcomings in existing institutional arrangement and policies. Gathered proposals for ensuring proper mechanism for implementation of international conventions and national policies. Identified need for climate change policy to harmonise and provide guidance to existing policies, to mainstream climate change into national policies, programme and plans. Pointed out gaps and constraints and provided recommendations. Developed overall policy framework. 28

29 OVERALL FRAMEWORK Climate Change SOURCE: LESTARI 2008 Adaptation Mitigation Development Vulnerability Development Resilience Economic Vulnerability Economic Resilience Resources Economy Social Industry Finance Trade Land Water Forestry Biodiversity Mineral Agriculture Industry Biotechnology Food Security Water Sufficiency Irrigation Livelihood Safety & Security Social Welfare Emission Reduction / Sink Enhancement Carbon Offset Schemes Climate Friendly Technology Financing & Investment Insurance Schemes Climate Resilient Development Climate Proof Development Low Carbon Economy Climate Resilient Economy 29

30 Outputs Stakeholder Consultation Reports MOSTI (21-22 Jun 07) NRE/UNDP (4-5 Sep 07) NRE/UNDP (11 Sep 07) NRE/British HC (29-30 Oct 07) LESTARI/ EAROPHP (5-7 Nov 07) LESTARI/NRE/UNDP /ISIS (25 Feb 08) MOSTI/MMD/ASM/UM /UKM (14-15 Oct 08) 30

31 Stakeholder Consultation (Phase 2) Approach Number of event 7 Direct (presentation of study approach and preliminary outcomes) Types of event Project specific initiation & consultative meetings. Awareness raising, & sharing of information & experience. Level & number of stakeholders National and state (~400). Outcomes Conducted an awareness survey in business sector with support from a manufacturers group Indicated support to a national policy on climate change 31

32 Stakeholder Consultation (Phase 3) Approach Number of event 7 Direct (through workshop and official submission by agencies); Survey; Interview Types of event Peer review and consultation. Policy & senior level briefing & consultation. Level & number of stakeholders National (~130). Outcomes Formulated and improved key actions. Obtained support and policy guidance from the high level officials in NRE. Deliberated structure, compositions and functions of sub-committees that will support the new Cabinet Committee on CC. 32

33 Draft National Policy on Climate Change (version 23 Dec. 2008) Contents: Preamble Policy Statement Rationale Objectives (3) Principles (5) Strategic Thrusts (10) Key Actions (44) Glossary 33

34 Stakeholder Consultation (Phase 4) Approach Number of event 1 Types of event Level & number of stakeholders Direct (workshop and official submission) Consultation. National and state (~100). Outcomes Obtained agreement from national and state stakeholders on the draft policy. Revised and submitted draft policy to NRE. 34

35 Next Steps More Consultation Table the draft policy to the Cabinet Committee on CC for consideration. Determine key implementers and other partner agencies Suggest timeline for key actions Assign appropriate performance indicators Establish a dedicated Climate Change Unit to oversee and coordinate implementation. 35

36 Key Principles / Findings Stakeholder viewpoints as crucial inputs to drafting and refining the recommendations on the policy. Stakeholders be consulted as widely and deeply as possible. Potential historical sources of information be traced and reviewed for pertinent inputs. The intention of the policy formulation be communicated and informed to stakeholders at early stage and during different forums. The outcomes of direct consultations be always circulated or reported to stakeholders, either for review and verification or informing how feedbacks had been considered where appropriate and feasible

37 Potential Collaboration for Regional Research 37

38 Strengthening Capacity for Policy Research on Mainstreaming Adaptation to CC in Agriculture and Water Sectors APN Project Planning Meeting Malaysia: LESTARI-UKM Japan: IGES Vietnam: IMHEN India: MSSRF + Asian University Network of Environment & Disaster Management (AUEDM) Japan: Kyoto Uni. / IGES Malaysia: SEADPRI-UKM Philippines: Uni. of Las Banos Indonesia: ITB Aug 2009, Kuala Lumpur 1. UKM-APN Inception Workshop 2. APN Project Planning Meeting 3. AUEDM Discussion Including ADB Cambodia?? 38

39 Feasibility Study of Networking of Geoscience & Petroleum Institutes & Organisations in the CCOP Member Countries Joint study: Coordinating Committee for Geoscience Programmes in East and Southeast Asia (CCOP) Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Institute (SEADPRI-UKM) Establish a platform for sharing of resources, facilities, funds for joint research and experiences between CCOP Member Countries Phase 1 (2009): petroleum geoscience Phase 2 ( ): geoscience (geohazards, environmental geology, mineral and groundwater resources, etc) Main targets: universities and research institutes with curriculum or interest in petroleum geoscience Status: Preliminary web survey results: none in Cambodia Questionnaire: survey to assess potential networking (ongoing) 39

40 THANK YOU Tan Ching Tiong Research Officer / PhD Candidate Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Institute (SEADPRI) / Institute for Environment & Development (LESTARI) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. Tel: Fax: tctiong@gmail.com 40