Organic forest soils in Norway - an overview

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1 Organic forest soils in Norway - an overview Lise Dalsgaard O. Janne Kjønaas Holger Lange Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute

2 Organic forest soils in Norway - an overview - more questions than answers Lise Dalsgaard O. Janne Kjønaas Holger Lange Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute

3 Status till now changes in soil organic carbon in forest estimated with Yasso as if all were mineral soils. Need to consider organic soils and mineral soils individually. Changes on drained soils estimated by Tier 1 emission factor.

4 Registration in NFI; 3 x 3 km grid covering Norway: Organic / mineral soil (now 0.4 m organic layer, earlier 0.3 m ). One-time field measurement with a steel rod. Depth of organic layer (5 classes). Vegetation type, degree of water logging. Occurrence of drainage back to ca

5 Data on C stock from 1033 profiles measured during the 6th NFI inventory ( ); 9 x 9 km grid. De Wit and Kvindesland (1999). Soil classification based on Canadian System of Soil Classification.

6 Regosol Organic soils Nonsoils Brunisols Gleysols Podzols From: de Wit and Kvindesland, 1999.

7 Prod. Forests Prod. Forest Non-prod. forest Non-prod. Forest min. soils org. soils min. soils org. soils From: de Wit and Kvindesland, 1999.

8 Scaling from profile measurements to total forest area no selection for soil type (mineral and organic) Productive Forest Unproductive Forest Wooded Mire Sum Median C (kg/m2) From soil profiles 14,51 12,32 31,58 No. Soil profiles Total Area (NFI6) 1000 ha No. Plots (NFI6) Estimated total Soil C (NFI6, Mega tonnes) New calculations combining NFI inventory and soil profile data bases.

9 Scaling from profile measurements to total forest area areas with organic soil in NFI6 (org layer < 40 cm) AREALTYPE Productive Forest Unproductive Forest Wooded Mire Sum Median C (kg/m2) From soil profiles 18,97 10,74 38,17 No. Soil profiles Total Area (NFI6); 1000 hectares No. Plots (NFI6) Total estimated soil C (NFI6, Mega tonnes) New calculations combining NFI inventory and soil profile data bases.

10 Scaling from profile measurements to total forest area no selection for soil type Productive Forest Unproductive Forest Wooded Mire Unprodu ctive forest + wooded mire Sum Median C (kg/m2) From soil profiles 14,51 12,32 31,58 14,77 No. Soil profiles Total Area (NFI6) 1000 ha No. Plots (NFI6) Estimated total Soil C (NFI6, Mega tonnes) New calculations combining NFI inventory and soil profile data bases.

11 Scaling from profile measurements to total forest area areas with organic soil in NFI6 AREALTYPE Productive Forest Unproductive Forest Wooded Mire Unproduc tive + wooded mire Sum Median C (kg/m2) From soil profiles 18,97 10,74 38, No. Soil profiles Total Area (NFI6); 1000 hectares No. Plots (NFI6) Total estimated soil C (NFI6, Mega tonnes) New calculations combining NFI inventory and soil profile data bases.

12 %, organic soil relative to all: % Productive Forest Sum Unproductive/ Wooded mire Sum No. Soil profiles Total Area (NFI6) No. Plots (NFI6) Total Soil C (NFI6, Mtonn) 5 (53) 46 (18) 15 New calculations combining NFI inventory and soil profile data bases.

13 Drainage - historically (total, not only areas reaching forest cover): : < 1000 km ditches per year : km per year Total ca km : increase to 140 km2 per year ca Then decrease : km2 per year After 1995: decrease from ca. 15 km2 per year Total after 1945: nearly 2500 km2 (Summary numbers from A. Granhus)

14 Drainage class from soil profile data base Drainage class All Organic soils Mineral soils n Poor very poor % % % Moderately Well excessively well Undefined From: de Wit and Kvindesland, 1999.

15 Questions and challenges Criteria for organic soil definition will determine the area do we use current national definition (0.4 m organic layer)? GPG definition: down to 10 cm organic layer criteria for C concentration depending on the duration of water logging and amount of clay (GPG 2003 Glossary). We need to ensure that the two data bases correspond in their definitions of organic soil as well as area classification; now some deviations found. What basic data minimum requirement - do we need to obtain to develop emission factors for organic soils in Norway? NFI registration of drainage back to ca but drainage earlier not accounted for.

16 What definition of organic soils should be used in Norway for the purpose of area estimation? GPG definition: down to 10 cm organic layer criteria for C concentration depending on the duration of water logging and amount of clay (GPG 2003 Glossary). National definition: 40 cm organic layer (in NFI6 30 cm).

17 Thank you for your attention! Foto: Balsfjord,Troms Oskar Puschmann, Skog og landskap

18 Correspondence between NFI6 and soil profile data base HEL_DEL T_FLATE AMATCH SMATCH _FREQ_ SUM 942

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