Country proposal - SRI LANKA
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1 Country proposal - SRI LANKA P. M. Jayatilaka Banda Department of Meteorology, Nihal Rupasinghe Central Engineering Consultancy Bureau and S. B. Weerakoon University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka Asia Water Cycle Symposium, 9-10 January 2007, Tokyo, Japan
2 Water Resources in Sri Lanka Sri Lanka has 103 river basins with sizes varying from km 2. High spatial and temporal variation of rainfall Water resources issues - Floods Water scarcity Jaffna River basin boundary Rainfall gauging station Mean Annual Rainfall (mm) Trincomalee Batticaloa Colombo There are only 35 stream flow measuring stations Galle
3 Proposed basins and their issues Kaluganga basin (2720 sq km) Floods Mahaweli basin (10450 sq.km) Water management under multi-uses Nilwala basin Floods, Irrigation water management
4 Kaluganga Basin
5 Kaluganga Basin Magnitude of the annual flow volume 4000 MCM Catchments area 2690 sq. km Average annual rainfall 4000 mm ( mm) Elevation up to 2250 m River length 129 km Length to Ratnapura 65 km Streams
6 Kaluganga Basin Back Source Irrigation Dept.
7 Catchments area Average annual rainfall Mahaweli Basin sq. km mm Streams Paddy
8
9 Mahaweli Basin (Kotmale Subbasin) 300sq km
10 Nilawala Ganga basins Nilwala basin (971 sq km) Floods Irrigation water management Mahaweli Kalu Nilwala
11 Nilwala Ganga Basin Back Source Irrigation Dept.
12 Data availability of proposed basins Reference basin Sri Lanka Mahaweli Basin Sri Lanka Kaluganga Basin Sri Lanka Nilwalaganga Basin METADATA (River Basin Description) Location (longitude and lattitude (06 o 45 l N, 80 o 40 l E to 08 o 30 l N, (06 o 25 l N, 80 o 00 l E to 06 o 50 l N, (06 o 00 l N, 80 o 25 l E to 06 o 30 l N, extent) 81 o 15 l E) 80 o 40 l E) 80 o 45 l E) Catchment outlet longitude and latitude 08deg30min N, 81deg15min E 06deg35min N, 80deg00min E 06deg00min N, 80deg30min E Catchment area sqkm 2719 sqkm 971 sqkm Number of MOLTS points in the basin MOLTS point1 longitude and latitude 07deg20min N, 80deg38min E 06deg41min N, 80deg24min E 06deg09min N, 80deg25min E MOLTS point1 elevation 477 meters 34 meters 25 meters Basin Maps Available Available Available Basin Pictures Available Available Available River Network Maps Available Available Available Soil Maps and Soil Characteristics Available Available Available Land Use Maps and Vegetation Characteristics Available Available Available River Constructions (dams, weirs, etc.) - type, location (longitude, latitude) Available Available Available OBSERVATION DATA - HYDROLOGICAL Streamflow Available Available Available Reservoir (Water level, Outflow) Available Available Available Groundwater Table Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable Others - please specify (each data type on a single line) OBSERVATION DATA - SUB- SURFACE Soil Temperature Available Available Unavailable Soil Moisture Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable
13 Data availability of proposed basins Reference basin Sri Lanka Mahaweli Basin Sri Lanka Kaluganga Basin Sri Lanka Nilwalaganga Basin OBSERVATION DATA - SURFACE Air Temperature Available Available Available Humidity Available Available Available Wind Available Available Available Pressure Available Available Available Precipitation Available Available Available Snow Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable Skin Temperature Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable Upward Shortwave Radiation Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable Downward Shortwave Radiation Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable Upward Longwave Radiation Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable Downward Longwave Radiation Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable Upward Photosynthetically Active Radiation Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable Downward Photosynthetically Active Radiation Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable Net Radiation Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable Sensible Heat Flux Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable Latent Heat Flux Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable Ground Heat Flux Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable Momentum Flux Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable CO2 Flux Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable Evaporation Available Available Available Vegetation Available Available Available OBSERVATION DATA - Atmosphere Planetary Boundary Layer Tower Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable Radiosonde Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable Radar Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable Lidar Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable Profiler Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable RASS Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable ADDITIONAL COMMENTS Radar and Radiosonde observations are available in Colombo (06 o 54 l N, 79 o 85 l E ) but outside of the three selected basins
14 Organizations for data acquisition Meteorology Department rainfall, radiation data, etc. Irrigation Department, Mahaweli River Authority - stream flow, Survey Department - topography, land use, soil data Social Services Dept., National Disaster Management Centre - inundation damages, social aspects.. Other: Universities, NSF(SL),..- available specific data
15 Data Availability at Candidate River Basins Mahaweli, Kalu & Nilwala for Demonstration Project, AWCI Mahaweli Ganga Basin 65 rain gauge stations, 14 stations over 100 years Number of river gauge stations are ten. Four at the main river and six at tributaries Kalu Ganga Basin There are 22 rain gauges stations, 4 stations over 110 years. Number of river gauge stations six. Three at the main river and three at tributaries. Nilwala Ganga Basin There are 16 rain gauge stations, 8 stations over 100 years. Number of river gauge stations two in the main river
16 Devon waterfall ( Mahaweli Basin)
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