Flood Early Warning System in Mongolia current situation

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1 Flood Early Warning System in Mongolia current situation G. Davaa, Head, Hydrology section, IRIMHE, Mongolia Asian Water Cycle Symposium, Tokyo, Japan, 1 2 March 2016

2 GEOSS: main objectives Improve and Coordinate Observation Systems (avoid duplications) Provide Easier & More Open Data Access Foster Use (Science, Applications) Building Capacity...Identify gaps in observations (based on user requirements) 8 to answer Society s need for informed decision making 2015: Global, Coordinated, Comprehensive and Sustained System of Observing Systems... providing solutions for Managing water resources in Asia 2

3 Hydrological and meteorological communication system Sending observation data via GTS Receiving operational observation data

4 Hydrological monitoring network in Mongolia Water regime -Rivers and lakes-150 gauges - Groundwater- 38 wells - Springs-15 sites Water quality - Rivers and lakes- 177 sites hydrobiology - Rivers and lakes- 101 sites Glacier and permafrost Tavanbogd, Tsambagarav, Turgen, Sutai and Monkhhairkhan - Permafrost- 30 boreholes Observation data on Water level discharge temperature Sediment Ice phenomena Ice and snow thickness Evaporation precipitation Water surface Slope River bed deformation Analysis on Major ions Biogenic elements Toxic elements Others Analysis on Phyto-plankton Zoo-plankton Benthos Observation data on Glacier ablation, accumulation, area, depth,, flow velocity, river flow draining from glaciers, Climate and permafrost 4

5 Weather forecasting (WRF, MM5) and NOAH and CLM LSM There are 3 nesting domain with resolution of 9km (255x145), 3km(322x241) and 1km(208x208), inner domain is obtained boundary data from outside. Data processing archiving limited systems are available. MOLTS are archived selectively. Regional model MM5 and WRF obtains initial and boundary data from NCEP-GFS and KMA- Global UM model run on Cray supercomputer system twice in day, and integrate 144h forecast over Mongolia.

6 Researches on water resources and floods in Mongolia Experiments Water balance study sites (Selbe, Khustai, Kherlen and lakes) Glacier mass balance Soil moisture (Mongol AMSR- E/AMSR2/ALOS Validation Experiment) Observation Climate in high mountains, lakes and rivers Lake and glacier area by RS River water Lake water Glacier Permafrost Groundwater Watershed data development Modeling Deterministic models Conceptual model Statistic model

7 Flood warning od risks Rainfall estimation by Radar and meteorological observation network õóð áîðîîíû ýð èìøèë /ìì/ö/ y = 3E-08x R 2 = Conversion of radar rainfall into ground precipitation (Z=aI b ) There are criteria for flood warning (H flood and H critical) ëí èé î éö /äöá/ Emergency Agency and Municipalities are responsible for flood risk management and preparedness activities. Hydrogauge (Channel and reservoir routing models) Free passage of flood water through protection structures Mapping inundation area Warning: Broadcasting, mobile phone message system and Emergency Agency and other Governmental organization and public take actions. Warning system

8 River and river basin s geographic data development Has been developed channel network data base for all perenual streams and rivers in Mongolia, using topographic map (stream network), digitized by National Environment Information Centre, IRIMHE and DEM. There are first order streams, 8406 second order, 1977 third, 426 fourth, 100 fifth, 24 sixth, 6 seventh, 2 eith order rivers and 1 ninth order as Selenge.

9 Hydrological modeling National project on Water and energy cycle study in Mongolia using regional climate, Land surface and hydrological models funded by National Science fund Observation and assessment Water resources study River, lake and glacier Modeling HOAH validation on CLM validation on MIKE in selected RB NbV- validation on VIC - plan WRF Hydro (just plan) To contribute to IWRM

10 Remarks 1. Benefit from GEO, GEOSS and GEOSS/AWCI and strengthening national governance. 2. Enhancing IWRM through modeling climate and Water cycle elements and impact assessment on socio-economy and environmental condition, including flood early warning system, improving understanding risk, strengthening governance and preparedness. 3. Enhancing climate change adaptation options (water harvesting, building water reservoirs and other water resources related developments). 4. Regional cooperation, shearing knowledge, experiences, financing and technology transfer are essential for my country.

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