SLUDGE to ENERGY Sustainable Sludge Management. p2m berlin GmbH Sustainability from Berlin. Hilmar Rave, October 2018

Transcription

1 1 SLUDGE to ENERGY Sustainable Sludge Management p2m berlin GmbH Sustainability from Berlin Hilmar Rave, October 2018

2 Berlin Water Utility and p2mberlin Water Supply and Waste Water Disposal for the Capital of Germany Berlin Water Utility: largest water utility company in Germany services about 3.8 million people in Germany s capital water supply facilities: 700 Wells, 9 Waterworks, 7,900 km supply network Sanitation facilities: 6 STP s with digestion, 10,600 km network, 1 sludge incineration, 1 sludge drying p2mberlin Engineering Company of Berlinwasser: Founded in 1992 Offices: Berlin (Headquarter), Kingdom of Bahrain, Albania, Azerbaijan, Georgia

3 p2mberlin National and International Project Regions Volzhsky Basel Vienna Odessa Zürich Zagreb Belgrad Tblisi Buchara Berat Baku Prizren Istanbul Teheran Algier Amman Ahwaz Isfahan Kuwait Cairo Manama Doha Jeddah Madhya Pradesh Darkhan Nanchang Hanoi Tra Vinh 3

4 Sludge Management Why? Rising Need for Sludge Management: Awareness of sewage treatment has risen Connections of households to public sewage are increasing Extension of wastewater treatment produces increased sewage sludge volumes No comprehensive sludge management strategies available in most countries Sustainable strategies for sludge disposal have to be developed in the near future Stricter regulations require improvement of existing systems

5 Sludge Management How? Main Keys to Sustainable Sludge Management: Sludge Treatment Options depend on 2 key factors Sustainable Sludge Reuse/Disposal Concepts Land availability at STPs Sludge availability and content Existing agriculture and/or industries Existing landfill sites Waste to Energy Concepts (Energy Recovery) Biogas Mono-Incineration (sludge only) Co-Incineration (cement industry, solid waste)

6 Sludge Management Advantages? Main Advantages for Sludge Incineration: Increased Energy Efficiency (Energy Recovery) By heat recovery e.g. for sludge drying Reduced Land use By reduces required landfill capacities Reduced Hygienic Impact from Sludge By incineration of organic content Reduced Odour Impact from Sludge By incineration of organic content Increased Saving of Resources (Mono- Incineration) By future phosphorous recycling

7 Sludge Management A Way Foreward? Develop an Integrated Sludge Management Masterplan including the required sludge drying and/or incineration facilities to comply to reuse and energy production requirements Hire a Consultant to develop a BOT tender that can later be tendered for multiple BOT Contractors Negotiations with a BOT Contractor who is interested in taking the sludge from WWTPs and process it further (generate Energy) 7

8 Vielen Dank Thank you 谢谢 Merci

9 Overview Sludge Treatment - Process Steps Raw Sludge Most WWTPs Stops Here! 9

10 Energy Transformation Sludge Incineration (100 % organics) Biogas Incineration in CHP (< 50 % organics) 11% 30% Electrical Energy 10% 40% Electrical Energy 59% Heat Recovery Losses 50% Heat Recovery Losses During sludge incineration 100 % of the organics are transferred into electrical and thermal energy. During digestion only < 50 % of the organics are transferred into biogas, which during biogas incineration can be transferred into electrical and thermal energy.

11 Autothermal Incineration For sludge incineration without add. external fuel (autothermal incineration), the incinerated sludge is required to have a specific heat value of more than 4,000 kj/kg DS. Due to the reduced content of organic matter in digested sludge autothermal incineration requires a dryness of app % DS, For autothermal incineration of undigested sludge a dryness of app % DS is sufficient.

12 Sewage Sludge Composition without Digestion Basis: 100 tds/d with 70 % ods; equiv. to WWTP with app. 400,000 m³/d dry weather inflow Total organic content of sludge does not change in the individual sludge handling processes, including sludge drying. The entire sludge energy content can be transferred into electricity and thermal waste energy (heat) in a sludge incineration plant.

13 Energy Content in Sewage Sludge Germany Energy Equivalent 10 kg org. DS ~ 6 ltr. diesel Generated Sewage Sludge in Germany: Total Dry Solids (2014): app. 1,900,000 t/a Organic Content: app % Total Organic Matter (2014): app. 1,000,000 t/a Specific Heat Value: app. 23,000 kj/kg Total Energy Content in the Sewage Sludge: Total Energy Content: app. 23,000,000,000 MJ/a equivalent to Natural Gas: app. 500,000,000 m³/a Diesel (fuel): app. 600,000 m³/a

14 Source: Umwelt Bundesamt Federal Ministry for Environment Sludge Disposal in Germany Sludge disposal 2012 Landfill 0% Landscaping 13% Agriculture 30% Incineration 55% 14